Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods |
Statistics |
Clinical |
Educational |
Industrial |
Professional items |
World psychology |
Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)
VKHS.jpg|
ICD-10 | H208 | |
---|---|---|
ICD-9 | 364.24 | |
OMIM | [1] | |
DiseasesDB | 13983 | |
MedlinePlus | [2] | |
eMedicine | derm/739 | |
MeSH | {{{MeshNumber}}} |
Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome (VKH syndrome) is a condition seen in humans and dogs involving various melanocyte-containing organs, characterized by uveitis (inflammation of the inside of the eye), poliosis (whitening of hair), vitiligo (loss of pigment in the skin), and meningitis, although dogs with this syndrome rarely develop meningitis. It is also known as uveodermatologic syndrome.
Pathophysiology[]
VKH syndrome is an immune-mediated disease. The mechanism of the disease is thought to be T helper cell mediated autoimmune attack of melanocytes in the skin and uvea of dogs and humans, and in the central nervous system and inner ear of humans.[1]
In humans there is a higher rate of VKH syndrome in people of Asian, Latin, and Mediterranean descent.[2]
VKH syndrome in dogs[]
In dogs VKH syndrome (often called VKH-like syndrome) most commonly affects young animals and is seen most commonly in the Akita Inu, but also in the Siberian Husky and Samoyed.[2] Uveitis usually occurs first and is often severe enough to cause blindness. VKH syndrome can also cause retinal detachment, cataracts, and glaucoma. Pigment partly disappears from the retinal pigment epithelium and iris. Skin lesions include loss of pigment and hair on the eyelids, nose, and lips. Symptoms and biopsy will confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is with immunosuppressive drugs such as prednisone and azathioprine. The prognosis is guarded.[2]
Eponym[]
It is named for Alfred Vogt, Yoshizo Koyanagi, and Einosuke Harada.[3][4][5][6]
References[]
- ↑ Sigle K, McLellan G, Haynes J, Myers R, Betts D (2006). Unilateral uveitis in a dog with uveodermatologic syndrome. J Am Vet Med Assoc 228 (4): 543–8.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Gelatt, Kirk N. (ed.) (1999). Veterinary Ophthalmology, 3rd, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
- ↑ Who Named It synd/1072
- ↑ A Vogt. Frühzeitiges Ergrauen der Zilien und Bemerkungen über den sogenannten plötzlichen Eintritt dieser Veränderung. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde, Stuttgart, 1906, 44: 228-242.
- ↑ Y. Koyanagi. Dysakusis, Alopecie und Poliosis bei schwerer Uveitis nicht traumatischen Ursprungs. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde, Stuttgart, 1929, 82: 194-211.
- ↑ E. Harada. Clinical study of nonsuppurative choroiditis. A report of acute diffuse choroiditis. Acta Societatis ophthalmologicae Japonicae, 1926, 30: 356.
Eye disease - pathology of the eye (H00-H59, 360-379) | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adnexa |
eyelid: inflammation (Stye, Chalazion, Blepharitis) - Entropion - Ectropion - Lagophthalmos - Blepharochalasis - Ptosis - Blepharophimosis - Xanthelasma - Trichiasis - Madarosis lacrimal system: Dacryoadenitis - Epiphora - Dacryocystitis orbit: Exophthalmos - Enophthalmos | ||||||||||||||
Eyeball |
| ||||||||||||||
Optic nerve and visual pathways |
Optic neuritis - Papilledema - Optic atrophy - Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy - Dominant optic atrophy - Optic disc drusen - Glaucoma - Toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy - Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy | ||||||||||||||
Ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction |
Paralytic strabismus: Ophthalmoparesis - Progressive external ophthalmoplegia - Palsy (III, IV, VI) - Kearns-Sayre syndrome
Other strabismus: Esotropia/Exotropia - Hypertropia - Heterophoria (Esophoria, Exophoria) - Brown's syndrome - Duane syndrome | ||||||||||||||
Visual disturbances and blindness |
Amblyopia - Leber's congenital amaurosis - Subjective (Asthenopia, Hemeralopia, Photophobia, Scintillating scotoma) - Diplopia - Scotoma - Anopsia (Binasal hemianopsia, Bitemporal hemianopsia, Homonymous hemianopsia, Quadrantanopia) - Color blindness (Achromatopsia, Dichromacy, Monochromacy) - Nyctalopia (Oguchi disease) - Blindness/Low vision | ||||||||||||||
Pupil |
Anisocoria - Argyll Robertson pupil - Marcus Gunn pupil/Marcus Gunn phenomenon - Adie syndrome - Miosis - Mydriasis - Cycloplegia | ||||||||||||||
Infectious diseases |
Trachoma - Onchocerciasis | ||||||||||||||
Other |
Nystagmus - Glaucoma/Ocular hypertension - Floater - Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy - Red eye - Keratomycosis - Xerophthalmia - Phthisis bulbi | ||||||||||||||
See also congenital |
This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors). |