The word typology literally means the study of types. Beyond this simple definition, the term has at least four distinct uses of interest to psychologists:

• Psychology. Carl Jung proposed a psychological typology based on archetypes. See Jungian archetypes. Also, Katharine Cook Briggs and Isabel Myers developed a typology that categorizes a person by personality types, see Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

• Linguistics. See linguistic typology and morphological typology. Typology is a branch of linguistics which concerns itself with comparing the properties that languages have, disregarding their genetic relationships.

• Sociology. Typological terms have been developed by Ferdinand Tönnies (see normal type) and Max Weber (see ideal type).

• Typology (anthropology). Typology in anthropology is the division of culture by race.

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