Timeline of psychology

From Psychology Wiki

Community portal · Tasks to do · News · Help

Clinical · Educational · Ind&Org · Other fields · Professional · Transpersonal · World

Assessment | Biopsychology | Comparative | Cognitive | Developmental | Language
Personality | Philosophy | Research Methods | Social | Statistics

Psychology: Debates · Journals · Psychologists

---

This is a timeline of psychology.

See history of psychology for a description of the development of the subject, and psychology for a general description of the subject.

Also see timeline of psychotherapy.

Contents 1 Early history 2 Nineteenth century 2.1 1860s 2.2 1870s 2.3 1880s 2.4 1890s 3 Twentieth century 3.1 1900s 3.2 1910s 3.3 1920s 3.4 1930s 3.5 1940s 3.6 1950s 3.7 1960s 3.8 1970s 3.9 1980s 3.10 1990s 4 Twentyfirst century 5 References

[edit] Early history

• ca 1550 BC - the Ebers papyrus briefly mentioned clinical depression.
• ca 100 BC - the Dead Sea Scrolls noted the division of human nature into two temperaments.
• 1590 - Scholastic philosopher Rudolph Goclenius coined the term psychology.
• 1672 - in Thomas Willis' anatomical treatise "De Anima Brutorum", psychology was referenced in terms of brain function.

[edit] Nineteenth century

[edit] 1860s

• 1860 - Gustav Theodor Fechner wrote Elements of Psychophysics, establishing the subject of psychophysics.
• 1861 - Paul Pierre Broca discovered an area in the left cerebral hemisphere that is important for speech production (now known as Broca's area), marking the start of neuropsychology.

[edit] 1870s

• 1878 - G. Stanley Hall was awarded the first PhD in Psychology from Harvard.
• 1879 - Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychological laboratory at University of Leipzig in Germany.

[edit] 1880s

• 1885 - Hermann Ebbinghaus published Über das Gedchtnis, a groundbreaking work where Ebbinghaus describes experiments on himself.
• 1886 - Sigmund Freud opened private practice in Vienna.
• 1887 - The American Journal of Psychology began to be published.
• 1898 - Edward Thorndike described the Law of effect.

[edit] 1890s

• 1890 - William James published Principles of Psychology.
• 1892 - Foundation of the American Psychological Association (APA) headed by G. Stanley Hall.
• 1896 - The first psychological clinic was developed at the University of Pennsylvania marking the birth of clinical psychology.
• 1896 - Edward B. Titchener, student of Wilhelm Wundt and originator of the term structuralism, published his first major work, An Outline of Psychology.

[edit] Twentieth century

[edit] 1900s

• 1900 - Sigmund Freud published 'Interpretation of Dreams' marking the beginning of Psychoanalytic Thought.
• 1903 - John B. Watson graduated from the University of Chicago. His dissertation on rat behavior has been described as a "classic of developmental psychobiology" by historian of psychology, Donald Dewsbury.
• 1904 - Charles Spearman published the article General Intelligence in the American Journal of Psychology, introducing the g factor theory of intelligence.
• 1905 - Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon created the Binet-Simon scale to identify students needing extra help, marking the start for standardized psychological testing.
• 1906 - The Journal of Abnormal Psychology was founded by Morton Prince.

[edit] 1910s

• 1911 - Alfred Adler left Freud's Psychoanalytic Group to form his own school of thought, accusing Freud of overemphasizing sexuality and basing his theory on his own childhood.
• 1912 - Max Wertheimer published Experimental Studies of the Perception of Movement, considered the founding article of Gestalt psychology
• 1913 - Carl Jung departed from Freudian views and developed his own theories citing Freud's inability to acknowledge religion and spirituality. His new school of thought became known as Analytical Psychology.
• 1913 - Jacob L. Moreno applied Group Psychotherapy methods in Vienna. His new methods, which emphasised spontanaeity and interaction, later became known as Psychodrama and Sociometry.
• 1913 - John B. Watson published Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It, sometimes known as "The Behaviorist Manifesto".

[edit] 1920s

• 1920 - John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner conducted the Little Albert experiment, using classical conditioning to make a young boy afraid of white rats.
• 1921 - Jacob L. Moreno conducted the first large scale public Psychodrama session at the Komoedienhaus, Vienna. He moves to New York in 1925.
• 1928 - Jean Piaget's book Judgement and Reasoning in the Child is published.

[edit] 1930s

• 1938 - B.F. Skinner published his first major work, The Behavior of Organisms: An Experimental Analysis, introducing behavior analysis.

[edit] 1940s

• 1942 - Carl Rogers published 'Counseling and Psychotherapy' suggesting that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues.
• 1943 - Abraham Maslow described his hierarchy of needs in the paper A Theory of Human Motivation, published in Psychological Review
• 1945 - The Journal of Clinical Psychology was founded.
• 1949 - Boulder Conference outlined scientist-practitioner model of clinical psychology, looking at the M.D. versus Ph.D. used by medical providers and researchers, respectively.

[edit] 1950s

• 1951 - Carl Rogers published his major work, Client-Centered Therapy.
• 1951 - In the Asch conformity experiments, Solomon Asch demonstrated the power of conformity in groups.
• 1951 - Lee Cronbach wrote about his measure of reliability, now known as Cronbach's alpha.
• 1952 - The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by The American Psychiatric Association marking the beginning of modern mental illness classification.
• 1953 - B.F. Skinner outlined behavioral therapy, lending support for behavioral psychology via research in the literature.
• 1953 - Code of Ethics for Psychologists was developed by the American Psychological Association.
• 1954 - Abraham Maslow helped to found Humanistic psychology and later developed his famous Hierarchy of Needs.
• 1955 - Lee Cronbach published Construct Validity in Psychological Tests, popularizing the concept of Construct validity.
• 1956 - Rollo May published Existence, promoting Existential psychology.
• 1956 - Leon Festinger proposed his theory of Cognitive dissonance
• 1959 - Noam Chomsky published his review of B.F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior, an event seen as by many as the start of the Cognitive revolution.
• 1959 - Lawrence Kohlberg wrote his doctoral dissertation, outlining his stages of moral development.

[edit] 1960s

• 1961 - In the Bobo doll experiment, Albert Bandura studied behavioral patterns of aggression.
• 1963 - Stanley Milgram described his study of obedience to authority, now known as the Milgram experiment.
• 1967 - Aaron Beck published a psychological model of depression suggesting that thoughts play a significant role in the development and maintenance of depression.
• 1968 - DSM-II was published by the American Psychiatric Association.
• 1968 - First Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) professional degree program in Clinical Psychology was established in the Department of Psychology at the University of Illinois - Urbana/Champaign.
• 1969 - California School of Professional Psychology was established as the first freestanding school of professional psychology.
• 1969 - The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology was initiated by Abraham Maslow, Stanislav Grof and Anthony Sutich
• 1969 - John Bowlby published his Attachment theory.
• 1969 - Harry Harlow published his experiment on affection development in rhesus monkeys.

[edit] 1970s

• 1971 - The Stanford prison experiment, conducted by Philip Zimbardo and others at Stanford University, studied the human response to captivity. The experiment quickly got out of hand and was ended early.
• 1971 - Martin Shubik demonstrated the Dollar auction experiment, illustrating irrational choices.
• 1973 - Vail Conference of Graduate Educators in Psychology endorsed the scholar-practitioner training model.
• 1978 - Mary Ainsworth published a book about her work on Attachment theory and the Strange Situation experiment.

[edit] 1980s

• 1980 - DSM-III published by the American Psychiatric Association.
• 1983 - Howard Gardner published Frames of Mind, introducing his theory of multiple intelligences
• 1987 - Erik Erikson published The Life Cycle Completed, expanding on his stage theory of psychosocial development.

[edit] 1990s

• 1994 - DSM-IV published by the American Psychiatric Association.

[edit] Twentyfirst century

This section is a stub. You can help by adding to it.

[edit] References

• AllPsyc Online

This page uses content from the English-language version of Wikipedia. The original article was at Timeline of psychology. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Psychology Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.