(New page: {{BioPsy}} A '''sympatholytic''' is a medication which inhibits the postganglionic functioning of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).<ref name="urlDorlands Medical Dictionary:sym...) |
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A '''sympatholytic''' is a medication which inhibits the [[postganglionic]] functioning of the [[sympathetic nervous system]] (SNS).<ref name="urlDorlands Medical Dictionary:sympatholytic">{{cite web |url=http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/eight/000103503.htm |title=Dorlands Medical Dictionary:sympatholytic |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> They are used as [[antihypertensive]]s. |
A '''sympatholytic''' is a medication which inhibits the [[postganglionic]] functioning of the [[sympathetic nervous system]] (SNS).<ref name="urlDorlands Medical Dictionary:sympatholytic">{{cite web |url=http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/eight/000103503.htm |title=Dorlands Medical Dictionary:sympatholytic |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> They are used as [[antihypertensive]]s. |
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| − | They mainly comprise |
+ | They mainly comprise antiadrenergic agents, but also [[anticholinergic]]s in the case of the [[nicotinic antagonist]], since [[nicotinic receptor]]s relay the signals of the SNS across the [[ganglia]]. |
==Antiadrenergic== |
==Antiadrenergic== |
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A sympatholytic is a medication which inhibits the postganglionic functioning of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).[1] They are used as antihypertensives.
They mainly comprise antiadrenergic agents, but also anticholinergics in the case of the nicotinic antagonist, since nicotinic receptors relay the signals of the SNS across the ganglia.
Antiadrenergic
Antiadrenergic agents inhibit the signals of adrenaline and noradrenaline. They are mainly adrenergic antagonists, inhibiting adrenergic receptors, but there are exceptions: clonidine is an adrenergic agonist on the α2 receptor, since this receptor is located presynaptically to inhibit further release of adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Other ways of inhibiting adrenergic signaling is by catecholamine synthesis blocking, e.g. by methyltyrosine. Reserpine works by inhibiting transport into synaptic vesicles of noradrenaline by inhibiting the VMAT transporter.
In hypertension
Many antiadrenergic agents used as antihypertensives include:
- centrally acting:
- Clonidine (α2 agonist)
- Guanfacine (α2 agonist)
- Methyldopa (α2 agonist)
- Moxonidine (imidazoline receptor agonist)
- Rescinnamine (ACE inhibitor)
- Reserpine (VMAT inhibitor)
- Rilmenidine (imidazoline receptor agonist)
- ganglion-blocking
- Mecamylamine (α3β4 nicotinic receptor inhibitor)
- Trimethaphan (ganglion type receptor inhibitor)
- peripherally acting
- Prazosin (α1 antagonist)
- Guanethidine (Magnesium-ATPase inhibitor)
- Indoramin (α1 antagonist)
- Doxazosin (alpha blocker)
See also
References
External links
Template:Antihypertensives and diuretics
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