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Substance-related disorder

ICD-10	F10-F19
ICD-9	291-292; 303–305
OMIM	[2]
DiseasesDB	[3]
MedlinePlus	[4]
eMedicine	/
MeSH	{{{MeshNumber}}}

A substance-related disorder is an umbrella term used to describe several different conditions (such as intoxication, harmful use/abuse, dependence, withdrawal, and psychoses or amnesia associated with the use of the substance) associated with several different substances (such as alcohol or opiods).

A substance related disorder is a condition in which an individual uses or abuses a substance to the point where it leads to maladaptive behaviours, manifested by at least one symptom that interferes with normal life functioning within a 12 month period. ^[1] Diagnostic criteria for substance dependence requires at least three of the following during a 12 month period: development of tolerance to the substance, withdrawal symptoms, persistent desire/unsuccessful attempts to stop using the substance, ingestion of larger amounts of substance, declined life functioning, and persistent use of substance. ^[1] Substance abuse is most prevalent among people 18 to 25 years of age and is also more common in males than females and in urban residents compared to those who live in rural areas. ^[1] Over 50 percent of individuals with substance abuse issues have another psychiatric disorder, something that is termed Comorbid Psychiatric Diagnosis. ^[1] Substance abuse can manifest in a variety of ways, differing in terms of the substance abused, the pattern of use and the comorbid illness present. ^[1] Commonly abused substances include alcohol, stimulants, sedatives/hypnotic drugs, opioids, hallucinogens, "designer drugs", inhalants and marijuana. ^[1]

Substance-related disorders can be subcategorized into "substance use disorders" (SUD) and "substance-induced disorders" (SID).^[2][3]

Though DSM-IV makes a firm distinction between the two, SIDs often occur in the context of SUDs.^[4]

Some people can have strong drug cravings even after they have not used the drug for a long period of time. They call this being "clean". To figure out how the brain triggers these cravings they have done multiple test on mice.^[5]

Contents 1 Classification and terminology 1.1 Substance-induced disorders 1.2 Substance use disorders 2 See also 3 References 4 External links

Classification and terminologyEdit

Substance-induced disordersEdit

Substance-induced disorders include medical conditions that can be directly attributed to the use of a substance.^[6]

These conditions include:

• Intoxication,
• Substance-induced delirium,
• Substance-induced psychosis, and
• Substance-induced mood disorders.^[7]
• Withdrawal
  • Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Substance use disordersEdit

Main article: Substance use disorder

Substance use disorders include substance abuse and substance dependence.^[8] In DSM-IV, the conditions are formally diagnosed as one or the other, but it has been proposed that DSM-V combine the two into a single condition called "Substance-use disorder".^[9]

See alsoEdit

• Addiction
• Anxiety
• Behavioural sciences
• Chemical dependency
• Major depressive disorder
• Psychological trauma
• Self-medication
• Shared care
• Substance abuse prevention
• Substance-abuse rehabilitation
• Substance abuse treatment
• Toxic disorders

ReferencesEdit

External linksEdit

• {{{2}}} at the Open Directory Project

Template:Mental and behavioral disorders

v·d·e Psychoactive substance-related disorder (F10–F19, 291–292; 303–305)
General	SID (Substance intoxication/Drug overdose, Withdrawal, Substance-induced psychosis) · SUD (Substance abuse, Physical dependence/Substance dependence)
Alcohol	SID (Alcohol intoxication/Acute, Alcohol withdrawal, Delirium tremens, Alcoholic hallucinosis, Korsakoff's syndrome) · Alcoholism/SUD (Alcohol abuse, Alcohol dependence)
Opioids	SID (Opioid overdose) · SUD (Opioid dependence)
Cannabis	SID (Short-term effects of cannabis, Cannabis withdrawal) · SUD (Cannabis dependence)
Sedative/hypnotic	benzodiazepine: SID (Benzodiazepine overdose, Benzodiazepine withdrawal) · SUD (Benzodiazepine drug misuse, Benzodiazepine dependence) barbiturate: SID (Barbiturate overdose) · SUD (Barbiturate dependence)
Cocaine	SID (Cocaine intoxication) · SUD (Cocaine dependence)
Stimulants	SID (Stimulant psychosis) · SUD (Amphetamine dependence) · Health effects of caffeine (Caffeine-induced sleep disorder)
Hallucinogen	SID (Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder)
Tobacco	SID (Nicotine poisoning, Nicotine withdrawal)
Volatile solvents	Inhalant abuse: Toluene toxicity
Multiple	Poly drug use
Template:Psych navs

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