Psychology Wiki
Don't have an account?
Register
Register
in: Social Learning Theory, Psychology stubs

Changes: Social learning theory

Back to page
Sign in to edit
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
  ⚫
<BLOCKQUOTE"Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action." (Bandura (1977)p22)BLOCKQUOTE>.
  +
  +
'''Social learning theory''' explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences.
   
  ⚫
Early work on social learning was done by Gabriel Tarde (1912: 322) who proposed that such learning occurred through three stages of [[imitation]]:
⚫
<BLOCKQUOTE"Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action." (Bandura (1977)p22)BLOCKQUOTE>.
 
−  
⚫
Social Learning Theory was derived from the work of Gabriel Tarde (1912: 322) which proposed that social learning occurred through three stages of imitation:
  
 
*close contact,
 
*close contact,
 
*imitation of superiors,
  
*imitation of superiors,
 
*insertion
  
*insertion
−
The first two stages were used by [[Edwin Sutherland]] in his [[differential association|Differential Association Theory]]. Sutherland’s model for learning in a social environment depends on the cultural conflict between different factions in a [[society]] over who has the power to determine what is deviant. But his ideas were difficult to put into operation and measure quantitatively.
 
   
  +
Its modern development by [[Bandura]] built on the behavioral interpretation of [[modelling]] provided by [[Miller]] & [[Dollard]] (1941). He saw the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others in the learning process, adding in a substantial cognitive component.
  +
  +
The processes underlying observational learning are:
  +
#'''Characteristics of the modelled behaviour'''. How distinct is it? how complex? how often is it available for observation?
  +
#'''Observer characteristics''' How attentive are they? What are their expectations in the situation? How stressed are they
  +
#'''Post learning encoding and practice''', How easy is it to symbolically encode the information, and togo through both symbolic and motor rehearsal),
  +
#'''Subsequent motor reproduction''', How physically capable is the learner? Is quality feedback available?
  +
#'''Motivation''', including external, vicarious and self reinforcement.
  +
  +
  +
  +
  +
==Application of Social learning Theory to different areas of psychology==
   
  +
{{Main| The application of Social Learning Theory in developmental psychology}}
   
 
{{Main| The application of Social Learning Theory in Criminology}}
  
{{Main| The application of Social Learning Theory in Criminology}}
   
 
==See also==
  
==See also==
  +
* [[Lev Vygotsky]]
  +
* [[J. Lave]]
  +
* [[Situated learning]]
   
 
==References & Bibliography==
 
==References & Bibliography==
Line 30: Line 47:
   
   
−
[[Category:]]
 +
[[Category:Social Learning Theory]]
   
   

Revision as of 16:36, 1 October 2006

<BLOCKQUOTE"Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action." (Bandura (1977)p22)BLOCKQUOTE>.

Social learning theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences.

Early work on social learning was done by Gabriel Tarde (1912: 322) who proposed that such learning occurred through three stages of imitation:

  • close contact,
  • imitation of superiors,
  • insertion

Its modern development by Bandura built on the behavioral interpretation of modelling provided by Miller & Dollard (1941). He saw the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others in the learning process, adding in a substantial cognitive component.

The processes underlying observational learning are:

  1. Characteristics of the modelled behaviour. How distinct is it? how complex? how often is it available for observation?
  2. Observer characteristics How attentive are they? What are their expectations in the situation? How stressed are they
  3. Post learning encoding and practice, How easy is it to symbolically encode the information, and togo through both symbolic and motor rehearsal),
  4. Subsequent motor reproduction, How physically capable is the learner? Is quality feedback available?
  5. Motivation, including external, vicarious and self reinforcement.



Application of Social learning Theory to different areas of psychology

Main article: The application of Social Learning Theory in developmental psychology
Main article: The application of Social Learning Theory in Criminology

See also

References & Bibliography

Key texts

Books

Papers

Additional material

Books

Papers

External links


PsiThis psychology-related article is a stub. You can help the Psychology Wiki by expanding it.
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.