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| − | The '''Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms |
+ | The '''Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)''' is a rating scale to measure negative symptoms in [[schizophrenia]]. The scale was developed by [[Nancy Andreasen]] and was first published in 1981. SANS is split into 5 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the [[Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms|Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS)]] which was published a few years later. |
| + | ==Items== |
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| + | ===[[Blunted affect|Affective Flattening or Blunting]]=== |
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| − | ----- |
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| + | *Unchanging Facial Expression |
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| + | *Decreased Spontaneous Movements |
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| + | *Paucity of Expressive Gestures |
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| + | *Poor Eye Contact |
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| + | *Affective Nonresponsivity |
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| + | *Lack of Vocal Inflections |
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| + | *Global Rating of Affective Flattening |
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| + | *Inappropriate Affect |
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| − | == |
+ | ===[[Alogia]]=== |
| + | *Poverty of Speech |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | *Poverty of Content of Speech |
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| + | *Blocking |
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| + | *Increased Latency of Response |
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| + | *Global Rating of Alogia |
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| + | ===[[Avolition]] - [[Apathy]]=== |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | *Grooming and Hygiene |
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| + | *Impressistence at Work or School |
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| + | *Physical Anergia |
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| + | *Global Rating of Avolition - Apathy |
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| + | |||
| + | ===[[Anhedonia]] - [[Asociality]]=== |
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| + | *Recreational Interests and Activities |
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| + | *Sexual Interest and Activity |
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| + | *Ability to Feel Intimacy and Closeness |
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| + | *Relationships with Friends and Peers |
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| + | *Global Rating of Anhedonia-Asociality |
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| + | |||
| + | ===Attention=== |
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| + | *Social Inattentiveness |
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| + | *Inattentiveness During Mental Status Testing |
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| + | *Global Rating of Attention |
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| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | == See also == |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | **[[Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale|Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)]] |
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| + | **[[Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale|Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)]] |
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| + | **[[Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms]] (SAPS) |
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| + | *[[Diagnostic classification and rating scales used in psychiatry]] |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| + | Andreasen NC: Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) . Iowa City, University of Iowa, 1981; |
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| + | |||
| + | Andreasen NC. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Definition and reliability Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982 Jul;39(7):784-8. |
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| + | PMID 7165477 |
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| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ==Further reading== |
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==Key texts== |
==Key texts== |
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===Books=== |
===Books=== |
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Latest revision as of 00:25, 17 November 2012
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The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1981. SANS is split into 5 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) which was published a few years later.
Items
Affective Flattening or Blunting
- Unchanging Facial Expression
- Decreased Spontaneous Movements
- Paucity of Expressive Gestures
- Poor Eye Contact
- Affective Nonresponsivity
- Lack of Vocal Inflections
- Global Rating of Affective Flattening
- Inappropriate Affect
Alogia
- Poverty of Speech
- Poverty of Content of Speech
- Blocking
- Increased Latency of Response
- Global Rating of Alogia
Avolition - Apathy
- Grooming and Hygiene
- Impressistence at Work or School
- Physical Anergia
- Global Rating of Avolition - Apathy
Anhedonia - Asociality
- Recreational Interests and Activities
- Sexual Interest and Activity
- Ability to Feel Intimacy and Closeness
- Relationships with Friends and Peers
- Global Rating of Anhedonia-Asociality
Attention
- Social Inattentiveness
- Inattentiveness During Mental Status Testing
- Global Rating of Attention
See also
References
Andreasen NC: Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) . Iowa City, University of Iowa, 1981;
Andreasen NC. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Definition and reliability Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982 Jul;39(7):784-8. PMID 7165477
Further reading
Key texts
Books
Papers
Additional material
Books
Papers
External links
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