Assessment | Biopsychology | Comparative | Cognitive | Developmental | Language | Individual differences | Personality | Philosophy | Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |

World Psychology: Psychology by Country · Psychology of Displaced Persons

In general, rūpa (Sanskrit; Pāli; Devanagari: रुपा) is the Buddhist concept of material form, including both the body and external matter. As such, it is the first of the five skandhas or aggregates. In regards to the six sense-bases, rūpa refers specifically to visual forms.^[1]

As matter, rūpa is traditionally analysed in two ways: as four elements (Pali, mahābhūta); and, as twenty-four aspects.

Four elements Edit

Existing rupa consists in the four elements:

• earth or solidity
• fire or heat
• water or cohesion
• air or movement

Twenty-four aspects Edit

Rupa can also be reduced to these "perceived aspects".

• eye
• ear
• nose
• tongue
• body
• form
• sound
• odour
• taste
• femininity
• virility
• life
• heart
• physical indications (movements that indicate intentions)
• vocal indications
• space element
• physical lightness
• physical yieldingness
• physical handiness
• physical grouping
• physical extension
• physical aging
• physical impermanence
• food

See also Edit

• Buddharupa
• Namarupa for the main concept
• Skandhas: vedana, sanna, sankhata,vijnana
• Body, sensations, perceptions, and consciousness
• Three marks of existence
• Abhidharma

NotesEdit

1. ↑ When mapping the Buddhist notions of the aggregates to sense bases, the material-form (rupa) aggregate thus includes the visual (rupa) sense-object as well as the sense objects of sound, odor, taste, touch and mental objects.

External links Edit

• Maha-hatthipadopama Sutta Earth, water, fire and wind properties

ko:색 (불교)

ja:色 (仏教)