Psychology Wiki
Register
Advertisement

Assessment | Biopsychology | Comparative | Cognitive | Developmental | Language | Individual differences | Personality | Philosophy | Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |

Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)


Eye dilate

Pupillary response

Pupillary response or dilation of the pupil is a physiological response that widens the size of the pupil of the eye via the iris dilator muscle. It can have a variety of causes. It may be a reaction to exposure to light.

Or it may indicate interest in the subject of attention or indicate sexual stimulation.[1] The pupils contract immediately before someone falls asleep.[2]

A pupillary response can be intentionally conditioned as a Pavlovian response to some stimulus.[3]

The latency of pupillary response (the time in which it takes to occur) increases with age.[4]

Use of central nervous system stimulant drugs can cause dilation of the pupil.[5]

In ophthalmology, intensive studies of pupillary response are conducted via videopupillometry.[6]


Psychological factors associated with pupil dilation[]

See also[]


References[]

  1. Hess, Eckhard H.; Polt, James M. (5 August 1960), "Pupil Size as Related to Interest Value of Visual Stimuli", Science 132 (3423): 349, doi:10.1126/science.132.3423.349, PMID 14401489 
  2. Lowenstein, Otto; Feinberg, Richard; Loewenfeld, Irene E. (April 1963), "Pupillary Movements During Acute and Chronic Fatigue: A New Test for the Objective Evaluation of Tiredness", Investigative Ophthalmology (St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Company) 2 (2): 138–157, http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS75010 
  3. (1938). "The Pupillary Response Conditioned to Subliminal Auditory Stimuli". Ohio State University.
  4. Podolak, Edward; Feinberg, Richard (September 1965) ([dead link]), Latency of pupillary reflex to light stimulation and its relationship to aging, Federal Aviation Agency, Office of Aviation Medicine, Georgetown Clinical Research Institute, pp. 12, OCLC 84657376, http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS78702 
  5. Jaanus SD (1992), "Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs", Optom Clin 2 (4): 73–96, PMID 1363080 
  6. Ishikawa, S.; Naito, M.; Inaba, K. (1970), "A new videopupillography", Ophthalmologica 160 (4): 248–259, PMID 5439164 

Further reading[]

  • Aboyoun, D. C., & Dabbs, J. M., Jr. (1998). The Hess pupil dilation findings: Sex or novelty? : Social Behavior and Personality Vol 26(4) 1998, 415-419.
  • Ahern, S., & Beatty, J. (1979). Pupillary responses during information processing vary with Scholastic Aptitude Test scores: Science Vol 205(4412) Sep 1979, 1289-1292.
  • Ahern, S. K. (1978). Activation and intelligence: Pupillometric correlates of individual differences in cognitive abilities: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Albert, D. J., & Madryga, F. J. (1980). An examination of the functionally effective spread of 4ml of slowly infused lidocaine: Behavioral & Neural Biology Vol 29(3) Jul 1980, 378-384.
  • Altman, F., Bernick, N., & Mintz, D. L. (1972). Pupil responses of addicts in treatment to drug culture argot: I. Auditory presentation of double entendre words: Psychonomic Science Vol 28(2) Jul 1972, 79-80.
  • Ambler, B. A., Fisicaro, S. A., & Proctor, R. W. (1976). Temporal characteristics of primary-secondary message interference in a dichotic listening task: Memory & Cognition Vol 41(6) Nov 1976, 709-716.
  • Ambler, B. A., Fisicaro, S. A., & Proctor, R. W. (1977). Information reduction, internal transformations, and task difficulty: Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society Vol 10(6) Dec 1977, 463-466.
  • Anderson, C. J., Colombo, J., & Shaddy, D. J. (2006). Visual Scanning and Pupillary Responses in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Vol 28(7) Oct 2006, 1238-1256.
  • Antikainen, J., & Niemi, P. (1983). Neuroticism and the pupillary response to a brief exposure to noise: Biological Psychology Vol 17(2-3) Sep-Nov 1983, 131-135.
  • Arundel, G. P. (1974). An exploratory study of pupillary dilation as a measure of difference in attitude of three groups of educators toward orthopedically handicapped children: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Ashe, J. H. (1978). Efferent control of pupillary dilation: The functions of the parasympathetic and sympathetic pupillomotor system in control of spontaneous, evoked, and conditioned pupillary dilation in the cat: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Ashe, J. H., Cassady, J. M., & Weinberger, N. M. (1976). The relationship of the cochlear microphonic potential to the acquisition of a classically conditioned pupillary dilation response: Behavioral Biology Vol 16(1) Jan 1976, 45-62.
  • Ashe, J. H., Cooper, C. L., & Weinberger, N. M. (1978). Mesencephalic multiple-unit activity during acquisition of conditioned pupillary dilation: Brain Research Bulletin Vol 3(2) Mar-Apr 1978, 143-154.
  • Ashe, J. H., Cooper, C. L., & Weinberger, N. M. (1978). Role of the parasympathetic pupillomotor system in classically conditioned pupillary dilation of the cat: Behavioral & Neural Biology Vol 23(1) May 1978, 1-13.
  • Atay, F. M. (1995). A differential-delay equation arising in the modelling of the pupil light reflex. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Atchison, D. A., Scott, D. H., Joblin, A., & Smith, G. (2001). Influence of Stiles-Crawford effect apodization on spatial visual performance with decentered pupils: Journal of the Optical Society of America, A, Optics, Image Science & Vision Vol 18(6) Jun 2001, 1201-1211.
  • Atchison, D. A., Scott, D. H., Strang, N. C., & Artal, P. (2002). Influence of Stiles-Crawford apodization on visual acuity: Journal of the Optical Society of America, A, Optics, Image Science & Vision Vol 19(6) Jun 2002, 1073-1083.
  • Backs, R. W., & Walrath, L. C. (1992). Eye movement and pupillary response indices of mental workload during visual search of symbolic displays: Applied Ergonomics Vol 23(4) Aug 1992, 243-254.
  • Bailey, B. P., Busbey, C. W., & Iqbal, S. T. (2007). TAPRAV: An interactive analysis tool for exploring workload aligned to models of task execution: Interacting with Computers Vol 19(3) May 2007, 314-329.
  • Bando, T., Takagi, M., Toda, H., & Yoshizawa, T. (1992). Functional roles of the lateral suprasylvian cortex in ocular near response in the cat: Neuroscience Research Vol 15(3) Nov 1992, 162-178.
  • Barbur, J. L., Harlow, A. J., & Sahraie, A. (1992). Pupillary responses to stimulus structure, colour and movement: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol 12(2) Apr 1992, 137-141.
  • Bartley, S. H. (1943). Some parallels between pupillary 'reflexes' and brightness discrimination: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 32(2) Feb 1943, 110-122.
  • Beall, B. S. (1977). The expressed and physiologically measured attitudes to alcoholic beverages of female social drinkers and non-drinkers: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Beall, S. (1977). Pupillary responses as a measure of attitudes about alcoholic beverages: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 45(3, Pt 1) Dec 1977, 751-756.
  • Beatty, J. (1982). Task-evoked pupillary responses, processing load, and the structure of processing resources: Psychological Bulletin Vol 91(2) Mar 1982, 276-292.
  • Beatty, J., & Wagoner, B. L. (1978). Pupillometric signs of brain activation vary with level of cognitive processing: Science Vol 199(4334) Mar 1978, 1216-1218.
  • Bednarczyk, G. S. (1984). Pupillary and digital vascular responses to stress in migrainous and non-migrainous subjects: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Bell, R. R. (1973). The potential of the pupillary response in business research: An investigation of methodology and autonomic contamination: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Berlucchi, G., & Strata, P. (1964). The problem of a true consensual light reflex in birds: Archives Italiennes de Biologie 102(1) 1964, 29-35.
  • Bernhardt, P. C., Dabbs, J. M., & Riad, J. K. (1996). Pupillometry system for use in social psychology: Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers Vol 28(1) Feb 1996, 61-66.
  • Bernick, N., Altman, F., & Mintz, D. L. (1972). Pupil responses of addicts in treatment to drug culture argot: II. Responses during verbalization of visually presented words: Psychonomic Science Vol 28(2) Jul 1972, 81-82.
  • Berrien, F. K., & Huntington, G. H. (1943). An exploratory study of pupillary responses during deception: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 32(5) May 1943, 443-449.
  • Berthold, H. C., & Slowiaczek, M. L. (1975). Visual significance of pupillary response to an auditory task: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 41(3) Dec 1975, 821-822.
  • Bianca, R. (2005). Neural pathways that mediate an autonomic response (dilatation of the pupil) to vaginocervical stimulation in the rat. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Bishop, L. G., & Starke, L. (1965). Pupillary response of the screech owl, Otus asio: Science 148(Whole No 3678) 1965, 1750-1752.
  • Bitsios, P., Szabadi, E., & Bradshaw, C. M. (1998). The effects of clonidine on the fear-inhibited light reflex: Journal of Psychopharmacology Vol 12(2) 1998, 137-145.
  • Bitsios, P., Szabadi, E., & Bradshaw, C. M. (2002). Relationship of the 'fear-inhibited light reflex' to the level of state/trait anxiety in healthy subjects: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 43(2) Feb 2002, 177-184.
  • Bitsios, P., Szabadi, E., & Bradshaw, C. M. (2004). The fear-inhibited light reflex: Importance of the anticipation of an aversive event: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 87-95.
  • Bock, F. A. (1976). Pupillary dilation and vertex evoked potential similarity in monozygotic and dizygotic twins and siblings: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Boddicker, R. F. (1972). Neuroticism-stability, extraversion-introversion and the pupillary response: Dissertation Abstracts International Vol.
  • Bojanovsky, J., Pflug, B., Tolle, R., & Uber, T. (1973). Autonomic effects of therapeutic sleep deprivation among depressives: Opthalmodynamography and pupillometry: Nervenarzt Vol 44(3) Mar 1973, 161-163.
  • Borrego, R. L., & Gardner, R. M. (1986). Classical conditioning of pupillary constriction: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 62(1) Feb 1986, 315-322.
  • Brackbill, Y., & Fitzgerald, H. E. (1972). Stereotype temporal conditioning in infants: Psychophysiology Vol 9(6) Nov 1972, 569-577.
  • Bradley, M. T., & Janisse, M. P. (1981). Accuracy demonstrations, threat, and the detection of deception: Cardiovascular, electrodermal, and pupillary measures: Psychophysiology Vol 18(3) May 1981, 307-315.
  • Brown, G. G., Kindermann, S. S., Siegle, G. J., Granholm, E., Wong, E. C., & Buxton, R. B. (1999). Brain activation and pupil response during covert performance of the Stroop Color Word task: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol 5(4) May 1999, 308-319.
  • Brown, R. H., & Page, H. E. (1939). Pupil dilatation and dark adaptation: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 25(4) Sep 1939, 347-360.
  • Buckhalt, J. A. (1975). A developmental study of pupil size during the presentation of words for free recall: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Bull, R., & Shead, G. (1979). Pupil dilation, sex of stimulus, and age and sex of observer: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 49(1) Aug 1979, 27-30.
  • Carbon, C.-C., Hutzler, F., & Minge, M. (2006). Innovativeness in design investigated by eye movements and pupillometry: Psychology Science Vol 48(2) 2006, 173-186.
  • Carithers, P. L. (1976). The relationship of pupillometric response to career interests of female college students: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Cason, H. (1922). The Conditioned Pupillary Reaction: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 5(2) Apr 1922, 108-146.
  • Cassady, J. M. (1996). Increased firing of neurons in the posterior hypothalamus which precede classically conditioned pupillary dilations: Behavioural Brain Research Vol 80(1-2) Oct 1996, 111-121.
  • Chaney, R. H., Givens, C. A., Aoki, M. F., & Gombiner, M. L. (1989). Pupillary responses in recognizing awareness in persons with profound mental retardation: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 69(2) Oct 1989, 523-528.
  • Chapman, C. R., Oka, S., Bradshaw, D. H., Jacobson, R. C., & Donaldson, G. W. (1999). Phasic pupil dilation response to noxious stimulation in normal volunteers: Relationship to brain evoked potentials and pain report: Psychophysiology Vol 36(1) Jan 1999, 44-52.
  • Cheung, B., & Hofer, K. (2003). Acceleration effects on pupil size with control of mental and environmental factors: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Vol 74(6) Jun 2003, 669-674.
  • Clarke, R. J., Zhang, H., & Gamlin, P. D. R. (2003). Primate Pupillary Light Reflex Receptive Field Characteristics of Pretectal Luminance Neurons: Journal of Neurophysiology Vol 89(6) Jun 2003, 3168-3178.
  • Cooper, C. L., Ashe, J. H., & Weinberger, N. M. (1978). Effects of stimulus omission during habituation of the pupillary dilation reflex: Physiological Psychology Vol 6(1) Mar 1978, 1-6.
  • Coulter, M. L. (1978). Psychosomatic subjects under stress: Comparisons of pupil, heart, muscle, and skin responses: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Cymerman, A., Muza, S. R., Friedlander, A. L., Fulco, C. S., & Rock, P. B. (2005). Saccadic Velocity and Pupillary Reflexes During Acclimatization to Altitude (4300 m): Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Vol 76(7,Sect1) Jul 2005, 627-634.
  • Dabbs, J. M., Jr. (1997). Testosterone and pupillary response to auditory sexual stimuli: Physiology & Behavior Vol 62(4) Oct 1997, 909-912.
  • Dabbs, J. M., Jr., & Milun, R. (1999). Pupil dilation when viewing strangers: Can testosterone moderate prejudice? : Social Behavior and Personality Vol 27(3) 1999, 297-302.
  • Danjou, P., Warot, D., & Puech, A. J. (1987). Racial differences and mydriatic response to tyramine: Psychiatrie & Psychobiologie Vol 2(5) Oct 1987, 363-365.
  • Daum, K. M., & Fry, G. A. (1982). Pupillary micro movements apparently related to pulse frequency: Vision Research Vol 22(1) 1982, 173-177.
  • Deijen, J. B., Heemstra, M. L., & Orlebeke, J. F. (1995). Pupillometric Assessment of Compensatory Effort in a Memory Search Task under Physical and Pharmacologically induced Suboptimal States: Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale Vol 49(3) Sep 1995, 387-396.
  • DeMet, E. M., & Sokolski, K. N. (1999). Sodium valproate increases pupillary responsiveness to a cholinergic agonist in responders with mania: Biological Psychiatry Vol 46(3) Aug 1999, 432-436.
  • Dionisio, D. P., Granholm, E., Hillix, W. A., & Perrine, W. F. (2001). Differentiation of deception using pupillary responses as an index of cognitive processing: Psychophysiology Vol 38(2) Mar 2001, 205-211.
  • Dodge, R. (1906). Review of Vergleichende Bestimmungen der Peripheriewerte des trichromatischen und des deuteranopischen Auges: Psychological Bulletin Vol 3(3) Mar 1906, 112-113.
  • Drummond, P. D. (1991). Cervical sympathetic deficit in unilateral migraine headache: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain Vol 31(10) Nov 1991, 669-672.
  • Dumoff, M. G. (1979). Discriminating emotion and mental effort with autonomic measures: Pupil size and heart rate as differential measures of cognition and anxiety: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Dunlap, K. (1905). Review of The Effect of Closing the Eyes upon the Fluctuations of Attention: Psychological Bulletin Vol 2(5) May 1905, 177.
  • Edelson, R. N., & Levy, D. E. (1974). Transient benign unilateral pupillary dilation in young adults: Archives of Neurology Vol 31(1) Jul 1974, 12-14.
  • Engle, R. (1975). Pupillary measurement and release from proactive inhibition: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 41(3) Dec 1975, 835-842.
  • Enright, J. T. (1987). Perspective vergence: Oculomotor responses to line drawings: Vision Research Vol 27(9) 1987, 1513-1526.
  • Farmer, A. (1984). Reliability of clinical judgments of pupil dilation: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 58(3) Jun 1984, 710.
  • Ferguson, E. R. (1982). Consumer acceptance of wool-cotton blends for shirts as indicated by pupillometric, skin conductance, and subjective assessments: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Ferrario, E., Molaschi, M., Villa, L., Varetto, O., Bogetto, C., & Nuzzi, R. (1998). Is videopupillography useful in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease? : Neurology Vol 50(3) Mar 1998, 642-644.
  • Finkelstein, J. C., & Walker, L. A. (1976). Evaluation apprehension as a mediator of responses to pupil-size cues: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 2(4) Fal 1976, 474-477.
  • Fischer, P., & Grunberger, J. (1996). Non-specificity of pupillary dilation response to tropicamide in dementia of Alzheimers' type: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Vol 11(10) Oct 1996, 925.
  • Flade, A., & Lindner, G. (1979). Pupillary size and its role in the perception of persons: Zeitschrift fur Experimentelle und Angewandte Psychologie Vol 26(3) 1979, 436-447.
  • Fotiou, F., Fountoulakis, K. N., Tsolaki, M., Goulas, A., & Palikaras, A. (2000). Changes in pupil reaction to light in Alzheimer's disease patients: A preliminary report: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 37(1) Jul 2000, 111-120.
  • Fountoulakis, K., Fotiou, F., Iacovides, A., Tsiptsios, J., Goulas, A., Tsolaki, M., et al. (1999). Changes in pupil reaction to light in melancholic patients: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 31(2) Jan 1999, 121-128.
  • Frankenberg, E. (1979). Pupillary response to light in gekkonid lizards having various times of daily activity: Vision Research Vol 19(3) 1979, 235-245.
  • Frith, C. D. (1981). The effects of sound on pupil size and the pupil light reflex: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 2(2) 1981, 119-123.
  • Fukuda, K., Stern, J. A., Brown, T. B., & Russo, M. B. (2005). Cognition, Blinks, Eye-Movements, and Pupillary Movements During Performance of a Running Memory Task: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Vol 76(7,Sect2,Suppl) Jul 2005, C75-C85.
  • Gamlin, P. D. R., McDougal, D. H., Pokorny, J., Smith, V. C., Yau, K.-W., & Dacey, D. M. (2007). Human and macaque pupil responses driven by melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells: Vision Research Vol 47(7) Mar 2007, 946-954.
  • Gardner, R. M., Beltramo, J. S., & Krinsky, R. (1975). Pupillary changes during encoding, storage, and retrieval of information: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 41(3) Dec 1975, 951-955.
  • Gardner, R. M., Mo, S. S., & Borrego, R. (1974). Inhibition of pupillary orienting reflex by novelty in conjunction with recognition memory: Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society Vol 3(3-B) Mar 1974, 237-238.
  • Gardner, R. M., Mo, S. S., & Krinsky, R. (1974). Inhibition of pupillary orienting reflex by heteromodal novelty: Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society Vol 4(5-B) Nov 1974, 510-512.
  • Gardner, R. M., Philp, P., & Radacy, S. (1978). Pupillary changes during recall in children: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Vol 25(1) Feb 1978, 168-172.
  • Garrett, J. C. (1985). Pupillometric assessment of sexual arousal: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Geacintov, T., & Peavler, W. S. (1974). Pupillography in industrial fatigue assessment: Journal of Applied Psychology Vol 59(2) Apr 1974, 213-216.
  • Gerall, A. A., & Obrist, P. A. (1962). Classical conditoning of the pupillary dilation response of normal and curarized cats: Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology Vol 55(4) Aug 1962, 486-491.
  • Gerall, A. A., Sampson, P. B., & Boslov, G. L. (1957). Classical conditioning of human pupillary dilation: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 54(6) Dec 1957, 467-474.
  • Gerall, A. A., & Woodward, J. K. (1958). Conditioning of the human pupillary dilation response as a function of the CS-UCS interval: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 55(5) May 1958, 501-507.
  • Ghodse, A. H., Bewley, T. H., Kearney, M. K., & Smith, S. E. (1986). Mydriatic response to topical naloxone in opiate abusers: British Journal of Psychiatry Vol 148 Jan 1986, 44-46.
  • Ghodse, A. H., Greaves, J. L., & Lynch, D. (1999). Evaluation of the opioid addiction test in an out-patient drug dependency unit: British Journal of Psychiatry Vol 175 Aug 1999, 158-162.
  • Giakoumaki, S. G., Hourdaki, E., Grinakis, V., Theou, K., & Bitsios, P. (2005). Effects of peripheral sympathetic blockade with dapiprazole on the fear-inhibited light reflex: Journal of Psychopharmacology Vol 19(2) Mar 2005, 139-148.
  • Girden, E. (1942). The dissociation of pupillary conditioned reflexes under erythroidine and curare: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 31(4) Oct 1942, 322-332.
  • Globerson, T. G. (1977). Field independence, information processing capacity, and mental effort: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Gomez-Tortosa, E., del Barrio, A., & Jimenez-Alfaro, I. (1996). Pupil response to tropicamide in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Vol 94(2) Aug 1996, 104-109.
  • Granda, A. M., Dearworth, J. R., Kittila, C. A., & Boyd, W. D. (1995). The pupillary response to light in the turtle: Visual Neuroscience Vol 12(6) Nov-Dec 1995, 1127-1133.
  • Granholm, E., Asarnow, R. F., Sarkin, A. J., & Dykes, K. L. (1996). Pupillary responses index cognitive resource limitations: Psychophysiology Vol 33(4) Jul 1996, 457-461.
  • Granholm, E., Chock, D., & Morris, S. (1998). Pupillary responses evoked during verbal fluency tasks indicate semantic network dysfunction in schizophrenia: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Vol 20(6) Dec 1998, 856-872.
  • Granholm, E., Morris, S., Galasko, D., Shults, C., Rogers, E., & Vukov, B. (2003). Tropicamide effects on pupil size and pupillary light reflexes in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 47(2) Feb 2003, 95-115.
  • Granholm, E., Morris, S. K., Sarkin, A. J., Asarnow, R. F., Jeste, D. V., & et al. (1997). Pupillary responses index overload of working memory resources in schizophrenia: Journal of Abnormal Psychology Vol 106(3) Aug 1997, 458-467.
  • Granholm, E., & Steinhauer, S. R. (2004). Pupillometric measures of cognitive and emotional processes: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 1-6.
  • Granholm, E., & Verney, S. P. (2004). Pupillary responses and attentional allocation problems on the backward masking task in schizophrenia: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 37-51.
  • Gray, L. S., Winn, B., & Gilmartin, B. (1993). Accommodative microfluctuations and pupil diameter: Vision Research Vol 33(15) Oct 1993, 2083-2090.
  • Green, M. L., Kraus, S. K., & Green, R. G. (1979). Pupillary responses to pictures and descriptions of sex-stereotyped stimuli: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 49(3) Dec 1979, 759-764.
  • Gregory, R., & Hopkins, P. (1974). Pupils of a talking parrot: Nature Vol 252(5485) Dec 1974, 637-638.
  • Growdon, J. H., Graefe, K., Tennis, M., Hayden, D., & et al. (1997). Pupil dilation to tropicamide is not specific for Alzheimer disease: Archives of Neurology Vol 54(7) Jul 1997, 841-844.
  • Grunberger, J., Linzmayer, L., Majda, E. M., Reitner, A., & et al. (1996). Pupillary dilatation test and Fourier analysis of pupillary oscillations in patients with multiple sclerosis: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience Vol 246(4) 1996, 209-212.
  • Grunberger, J., Linzmayer, L., Walter, H., Rainer, M., Masching, A., Pezawas, L., et al. (1999). Receptor test (pupillary dilatation after application of 0.01% tropicamide solution) and determination of central nervous activation (Fourier analysis of pupillary oscillations) in patients with Alzheimer's disease: Neuropsychobiology Vol 40(1) Jul 1999, 40-46.
  • Grunberger, J., Linzmayer, L., Walter, H., Stohr, H., Saletu-Zyhlarz, G. M., Grunberger, M., et al. (1998). Psychophysiological diagnostics in alcohol dependency: Fourier analysis of pupillary oscillations and the receptor test for determination of cholinergic deficiency: Alcohol and Alcoholism Vol 33(5) Sep-Oct 1998, 541-548.
  • Hakerem, G., Sutton, S., & Zubin, J. (1963). Pupillary reactions to light in schizophrenic patients and normals: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 105(15) 1963, 820-831.
  • Hamel, R. F. (1974). Female subjective and pupillary reaction to nude male and female figures: Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied Vol 87(2) Jul 1974, 171-175.
  • Harle, D. E., Wolffsohn, J. S., & Evans, B. J. W. (2005). The pupillary light reflex in migraine: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol 25(3) May 2005, 240-245.
  • Harris, J. P. (1991). The pupil in Parkinson's disease: Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 5(3) 1991, 251-254.
  • Harrison, N. A., Wilson, C. E., & Critchley, H. D. (2007). Processing of observed pupil size modulates perception of sadness and predicts empathy: Emotion Vol 7(4) Nov 2007, 724-729.
  • Headley, D. B. (1974). The pupillary response to retrieval of information from long-term memory: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Headley, D. B. (1981). Pupillometric assessment of retrieval operations in factual long-term memory: Acta Psychologica Vol 49(2) Nov 1981, 109-126.
  • Heal, D. J., Prow, M. R., Gosden, J., Luscombe, G. P., & et al. (1992). A comparison of various antidepressant drugs demonstrates rapid desensitisation of !a-sub-2-adrenoceptors exclusively by sibutramine hydrochloride: Psychopharmacology Vol 107(4) Jun 1992, 497-502.
  • Heaton, M. B. (1973). Early visual function in bobwhite and Japanese quail embryos as reflected by pupillary reflex: Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology Vol 84(1) Jul 1973, 134-139.
  • Heaver, B, & Hutton, S. (2011). Keeping an eye on the truth? Pupil size changes associated with recognition memory. Memory Vol 19(4), May 2011, 398-405. DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2011.575788
  • Heemstra, M. L. (1984). Pupillometry and cognitive processes: Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie en haar Grensgebieden Vol 39(1) Jan 1984, 3-18.
  • Heilveil, I. (1976). Deception and pupil size: Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol 32(3) Jul 1976, 675-676.
  • Henke, R., & Globerson, T. (1979). The measurement of pupillary dilation: A facilitating apparatus: Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation Vol 11(3) Jun 1979, 334-338.
  • Hensley, W. E. (1990). Pupillary dilation revisited: The constriction of a nonverbal cue: Journal of Social Behavior & Personality Vol 5(4), Spec Issue 1990, 97-104.
  • Herman, P. (1987). Migraine, large pupils, mitral valve prolapse and emotional disturbances: An autonomic disorder: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain Vol 27(6) Jun 1987, 340-344.
  • Hess, E. H. (1968). Pupillometric assessment. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Hess, E. H. (1975). The role of pupil size in communication: Scientific American Vol 233(5) Nov 1975, 110-119.
  • Hess, E. H., Beaver, P. W., & Shrout, P. E. (1975). Brightness contrast effects in a pupillometric experiment: Perception & Psychophysics Vol 18(2) Aug 1975, 125-127.
  • Hess, E. H., & Petrovich, S. B. (1980). A response to Nicholas Skinner's "The Hess, et al. study of pupillary activity in heterosexual and homosexual males: A re-evaluation." Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 51(3, Pt 1) Dec 1980, 845-846.
  • Hess, E. H., & Petrovich, S. B. (1987). Pupillary behavior in communication. Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Hess, E. H., Rhoades, B. K., Hodges, A. W., & Abbott, E. S. (1982). An inexpensive, nondedicated, automated pupillometric measurement system: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 54(1) Feb 1982, 235-241.
  • Hess, E. H., Seltzer, A. L., & Shlien, J. M. (1965). Pupil response of hetero- and homosexual males to pictures of men and women: A pilot study: Journal of Abnormal Psychology Vol 70(3) Jun 1965, 165-168.
  • Hicks, R. A., Williams, S. L., & Ferrante, F. (1979). Pupillary attributions of college students to happy and angry faces: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 48(2) Apr 1979, 401-402.
  • Higuchi, S., Matsushita, S., Hasegawa, Y., Muramatsu, T., & et al. (1997). Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele and pupillary response to tropicamide: American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 154(5) May 1997, 694-696.
  • Hilgard, E. R., Miller, J., & Ohlson, J. A. (1941). Three attempts to secure pupillary conditioning to auditory stimuli near the absolute threshold: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 29(2) Aug 1941, 89-103.
  • Hoeks, B., & Ellenbroek, B. A. (1993). A neural basis for a quantitative pupillary model: Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 7(4) 1993, 315-324.
  • Hoeks, B., & Levelt, W. J. (1993). Pupillary dilation as a measure of attention: A quantitative system analysis: Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers Vol 25(1) Feb 1993, 16-26.
  • Hou, R. H., Samuels, E. R., Langley, R. W., Szabadi, E., & Bradshaw, C. M. (2007). Arousal and the pupil: Why diazepam-induced sedation is not accompanied by miosis: Psychopharmacology Vol 195(1) Nov 2007, 41-59.
  • Hou, R. H., Samuels, E. R., Raisi, M., Langley, R. W., Szabadi, E., & Bradshaw, C. M. (2006). Why patients with Alzheimer's disease may show increased sensitivity to tropicamide eye drops: role of locus coeruleus: Psychopharmacology Vol 184(1) Jan 2006, 95-106.
  • Hyona, J., Tommola, J., & Alaja, A.-M. (1995). Pupil dilation as a measure of processing load in simultaneous interpretation and other language tasks: The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology Vol 48A(3) Aug 1995, 598-612.
  • Iijima, A., Haida, M., Ishikawa, N., Ueno, A., Minamitani, H., & Shinohara, Y. (2003). Re-evaluation of tropicamide in the pupillary response test for Alzheimer's disease: Neurobiology of Aging Vol 24(6) Oct 2003, 789-796.
  • Ikushima, M., & Matsunaga, K. (1975). Comparative study of pupillary light reactions among neurotics, schizophrenics and normals: Kyushu Neuro-psychiatry Vol 21(3-4) Dec 1975, 192-199.
  • Ikushima, M., & Matsunaga, K. (1975). Pupillary light reactions of medicated and non-medicated schizophrenics: Kyushu Neuro-psychiatry Vol 21(2) 1975, 119-124.
  • Iriki, A., Tanaka, M., & Iwamura, Y. (1996). Attention-induced neuronal activity in the monkey somatosensory cortex revealed by pupillometrics: Neuroscience Research Vol 25(2) Jun 1996, 173-181.
  • Jachinski, W., Bonkacker, M., & Alshuth, E. (1996). Accommodation, convergence, pupil diameter and eye blinks at a CRT display flickering near fusion limit: Ergonomics Vol 39(1) Jan 1996, 152-164.
  • Jackson, G. R. (1999). Aging and dark adaptation. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Janisse, M. P. (1973). Pupil Size and Affect: A Critical Review of the Literature Since 1960: Canadian Psychologist/Psychologie Canadienne Vol 14(4) Oct 1973, 311-329.
  • Janisse, M. P. (1974). Pupil size, affect and exposure frequency: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 2(2) 1974, 125-146.
  • Janisse, M. P. (1976). The relationship between pupil size and anxiety: A review: Sarason, I G (Ed); Spielberger, C D (Ed) (1976) Stress and anxiety Oxford, England: Hemisphere.
  • Janisse, M. P., & Bradley, M. T. (1980). Deception, information and the pupillary response: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 50(3, Pt 1) Jun 1980, 748-750.
  • Janisse, M. P., & Peavler, W. S. (1974). Pupillary response today: Emotion in the eye: Psychology Today Vol 7(9) Feb 1974, 60-63.
  • Jennings, J. R., van der Molen, M. W., & Steinhauer, S. R. (1998). Preparing the heart, eye, and brain: Foreperiod length effects in a nonaging paradigm: Psychophysiology Vol 35(1) Jan 1998, 90-98.
  • Jennings, L. B., & et al. (1978). Cognitive control of extinction of classically conditioned pupillary response: Psychological Record Vol 28(2) Spr 1978, 193-205.
  • Juris, M., & Velden, M. (1977). The pupillary response to mental overload: Physiological Psychology Vol 5(4) Dec 1977, 421-424.
  • Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1993). The intensity dimension of thought: Pupillometric indices of sentence processing: Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale Vol 47(2) Jun 1993, 310-339.
  • Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1995). The intensity dimension of thought: Pupillometric indices of sentence processing. Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Just, M. A., Carpenter, P. A., & Miyake, A. (2003). Neuroindices of cognitive workload: Neuroimaging, pupillometric and event-related potential studies of brain work: Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science Vol 4(1-2) Jan-Jun 2003, 56-88.
  • Kakigi, S. (1964). Classical conditioning of human pupillary constriction: Japanese Psychological Research 6(4) 1964, 155-162.
  • Kalman, J., Kanka, A., Magloczky, E., Szoke, A., & et al. (1997). Increased mydriatic response to tropicamide is a sign of cholinergic hypersensitivity but not specific to late-onset sporadic type of Alzheimer's dementia: Biological Psychiatry Vol 41(8) Apr 1997, 909-911.
  • Kappauf, W. E. (1943). Variation in the size of the cat's pupil as a function of stimulus brightness: Journal of Comparative Psychology Vol 36(2) Oct 1943, 125-131.
  • Karatekin, C. (2004). Development of attentional allocation in the dual task paradigm: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 7-21.
  • Karatekin, C., Couperus, J. W., & Marcus, D. J. (2004). Attention allocation in the dual-task paradigm as measured through behavioral and psychophysiological responses: Psychophysiology Vol 41(2) Mar 2004, 175-185.
  • Karp, E. J. (1972). Changes in interpersonal attraction: Effects of physical attractiveness and attitude similarity as measured by the pupilometry technique: Dissertation Abstracts International Vol.
  • Kidd, R. F. (1975). Pupil size, eye contact, and instrumental aggression: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 41(2) Oct 1975, 538.
  • Kim, M., Barrett, A. M., & Heilman, K. M. (1998). Lateral asymmetries of pupillary responses: Cortex Vol 34(5) Dec 1998, 753-762.
  • Kim, M., Beversdorf, D. Q., & Heilman, K. M. (2000). Arousal response with aging: Pupillographic study: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol 6(3) Mar 2000, 348-350.
  • Kimura, E., & Young, R. S. L. (1995). Nature of the pupillary responses evoked by chromatic flashes on a white background: Vision Research Vol 35(7) Apr 1995, 897-906.
  • Kimura, E., & Young, R. S. L. (1999). S-cone contribution to pupillary responses evoked by chromatic flash offset: Vision Research Vol 39(6) Mar 1999, 1189-1197.
  • Kirkland, J., & Smith, J. (1978). Preferences for infant pictures with modified eye-pupils: Journal of Biological Psychology Vol 20(2) Dec 1978, 33-34.
  • Klinger, J. D. (1978). Apparent improvement of TV picture quality through narrow pupils independent of overall quantal flux reduction: Perception Vol 7(6) 1978, 725-726.
  • Klix, F., & Krassa, K. (1975). Measurement of cognitive requirements in the recognition of structures: Studia Psychologica Vol 17(2) 1975, 143-153.
  • Kojima, M., Shioiri, T., Hosoki, T., Kitamura, H., Bando, T., & Someya, T. (2004). Pupillary light reflex in panic disorder: A trial using audiovisual stimulation: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience Vol 254(4) Aug 2004, 242-244.
  • Krinsky, R. (1981). Levels of processing and task difficulty: A pupillometric analysis: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Krinsky, R., & Gardner, R. M. (1977). Effects of retention interval on pupillary responses during a simple discrimination: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 45(2) Oct 1977, 457-458.
  • Krinsky, R., & Nelson, T. O. (1981). Task difficulty and pupillary dilation during incidental learning: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory Vol 7(4) Jul 1981, 293-298.
  • Kruger, F., Nuthmann, A., & van der Meer, E. (2001). Pupillometric indices of temporal order representation in semantic memory: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie mit Zeitschrift fur angewandte Psychologie Vol 209(4) 2001, 402-415.
  • Kruger, P. B. (1975). Luminance changes of the fundus reflex: American Journal of Optometry & Physiological Optics Vol 52(12) Dec 1975, 847-861.
  • Kuc, S. G. (1977). Pupil size during a cognitive task as a function of state-trait anxiety and stressfulness of instructions: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Kuchinke, L., Vo, M. L. H., Hofmann, M., & Jacobs, A. M. (2007). Pupillary responses during lexical decisions vary with word frequency but not emotional valence: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 65(2) Aug 2007, 132-140.
  • Kurz, A., Marquard, R., Fremke, S., & Leipert, K. P. (1997). Pupil dilation response to tropicamide: A biological test for Alzheimer's disease? : Pharmacopsychiatry Vol 30(1) Jan 1997, 12-15.
  • Laeng, B., Waterloo, K., Johnsen, S. H., Bakke, S. J., Lag, T., Simonsen, S. S., et al. (2007). The eyes remember it: Oculography and pupillometry during recollection in three amnesic patients: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Vol 19(11) Nov 2007, 1888-1904.
  • Larson, M., & Folstein, S. (2000). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced mydriasis: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 39(2) Feb 2000, 138-139.
  • Laughlin, S. B. (1992). Retinal information capacity and the function of the pupil: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol 12(2) Apr 1992, 161-164.
  • Lavie, P. (1979). Ultradian rhythms in alertness: A pupillometric study: Biological Psychology Vol 9(1) Jul 1979, 49-62.
  • Lavigne, D. M. (1974). Visual sensitivity in seals: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Legg, C. R. (1975). Effects of subcortical lesions on the pupillary light reflex in the rat: Neuropsychologia Vol 13(3) Sep 1975, 373-376.
  • Lehmann, J. W., Goodale, I. L., & Benson, H. (1986). Reduced pupillary sensitivity to topical phenylephrine associated with the relaxation response: Journal of Human Stress Vol 12(3) Fal 1986, 101-104.
  • Leibowitz, H. W., Hennessy, R. T., & Owens, D. A. (1975). The intermediate resting position of accommodation and some implications for space perception: Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient Vol 18(3) Sep 1975, 162-170.
  • Lester, D., & Kimmel, H. L. (1989). Autonomic nervous system balance and personality: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 10(3) 1989, 373-374.
  • Libby, W. L., Lacey, B. C., & Lacey, J. I. (1973). Pupillary and cardiac activity during visual attention: Psychophysiology Vol 10(3) May 1973, 270-294.
  • Lichstein, K. L., & Johnson, R. S. (1996). The utility of pupillometric assessment in older adults with insomnia: Journal of Clinical Geropsychology Vol 2(4) Oct 1996, 337-352.
  • Lichstein, K. L., Johnson, R. S., Gupta, S. S., O'Laughlin, D. L., & et al. (1992). Are insomniacs sleepy during the day? A pupillometric assessment: Behaviour Research and Therapy Vol 30(3) May 1992, 283-292.
  • Loving, R. T. (1995). Circadian rhythms in the human pupil and eyelid. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Lowenstein, O., & Loewenfeld, I. E. (1964). The sleep-waking cycle and pupillary activity: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 117(1) 1964, 142-156.
  • Loweth, H. (1973). A device for continuous monitoring of pupil dilation: Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation Vol 5(6) Nov 1973, 473-474.
  • Lubow, R. E., & Fein, O. (1996). Pupillary size in response to a visual guilty knowledge test: New technique for the detection of deception: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied Vol 2(2) Jun 1996, 164-177.
  • Lucas, R. J., Douglas, R. H., & Foster, R. G. (2001). Characterization of an ocular photopigment capable of driving pupillary constriction in mice: Nature Neuroscience Vol 4(6) Jun 2001, 621-626.
  • Luria, S. M. (1976). Pupil size and stereoacuity: Journal of the Optical Society of America Vol 66(2) Feb 1976, 157-159.
  • Magliero, A. (1983). Pupil dilations following pairs of identical and related to-be-remembered words: Memory & Cognition Vol 11(6) Nov 1983, 609-615.
  • Magliero, A. J. (1982). An effort hypothesis for the spacing effect in memory: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Malcolm, A. T., Janisse, M. P., & Dyck, D. G. (1984). Type A behavior, heart rate and pupillary response: Effects of cold pressor and ego threat: Journal of Psychosomatic Research Vol 28(1) 1984, 27-34.
  • Marek, T., & Noworol, C. (1981). Time of latency of pupillary reflex: Changes due to psychological load: Przeglad Psychologiczny Vol 24(2) 1981, 261-267.
  • Matsunaga, K., Ikushima, M., Ikari, K., & Ito, M. (1974). Pupillary response to a light stimulus in schizophrenic and normal Ss: Kyushu Neuro-psychiatry Vol 20(3-4) 1974, 189-198.
  • Matthews, G., Middleton, W., Gilmartin, B., & Bullimore, M. A. (1991). Pupillary diameter and cognitive load: Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 5(3) 1991, 265-271.
  • McAfee, L. J., Fox, R. A., & Hicks, R. A. (1982). Attributions of male college students to variations in facial features in the line drawing of a woman's face: Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society Vol 19(3) Mar 1982, 143-144.
  • McCawley, A., Stroebel, C. F., & Glueck, B. C., Jr. (1966). Pupillary reactivity, psychologic disorder, and age: Archives of General Psychiatry 14(4) 1966, 415-418.
  • McLean, J. D. (1975). Eye to eye: The social significance of the pupil: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Merritt, S. L., Schnyders, H. C., Patel, M., Basner, R. C., & O'Neill, W. (2004). Pupil staging and EEG measurement of sleepiness: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 97-112.
  • Metalis, S. A. (1978). Psychophysiological responsivity to affective pictures: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Metalis, S. A., & Hess, E. H. (1982). Pupillary response/semantic differential scale relationships: Journal of Research in Personality Vol 16(2) Jun 1982, 201-216.
  • Metalis, S. A., Hess, E. H., & Beaver, P. W. (1982). Pupillometric analysis of two theories of obesity: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 55(1) Aug 1982, 87-92.
  • Metalis, S. A., Rhoades, B. K., Hess, E. H., & Petrovich, S. B. (1980). Pupillometric assessment of reading using materials in normal and reversed orientations: Journal of Applied Psychology Vol 65(3) Jun 1980, 359-363.
  • Millot, J.-L., Brand, G., & Schmitt, A. (1996). Affective attitudes of children and adults in relation to the pupil diameter of a cat: Preliminary data: Anthrozoos Vol 9(2-3) 1996, 85-87.
  • Minassian, A. (2001). Information processing, thought disturbance and schizophrenia: The relationship between pupil dilation, eye movements, and Rorschach responses. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Minassian, A., Granholm, E., Verney, S., & Perry, W. (2004). Pupillary dilation to simple vs. complex tasks and its relationship to thought disturbance in schizophrenia patients: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 53-62.
  • Miyao, M., Ishihara, S., Sakakibara, H., Kondo, T.-a., & et al. (1991). Effects of color CRT display on pupil size in color-blind subjects: Journal of Human Ergology Vol 20(2) Dec 1991, 241-247.
  • Miyao, M., Ishihara, S. y., Ishigaki, H., Sugiura, T., & et al. (1993). Psychology of computer use: XXX. Effects of presentation speed on pupil size using negative and positive CRTs: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 77(3, Pt 1) Dec 1993, 979-984.
  • Mordi, J., Tucker, J., & Charman, W. N. (1986). Effects of 0.1% cyclopentolate or 10% phenylephrine on pupil diameter and accommodation: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol 6(2) 1986, 221-227.
  • Moresi, S., Adam, J. J., Rijcken, J., Van Gerven, P. W. M., Kuipers, H., & Jolles, J. (2008). Pupil dilation in response preparation: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 67(2) 2008, 124-130.
  • Morley, J. W., Judge, S. J., & Lindsey, J. W. (1992). Role of monkey midbrain near-response neurons in phoria adaptation: Journal of Neurophysiology Vol 67(6) Jun 1992, 1475-1492.
  • Morris, S. K., Granholm, E., Sarkin, A. J., & Jeste, D. V. (1997). Effects of schizophrenia and aging on pupillographic measures of working memory: Schizophrenia Research Vol 27(2-3) Oct 1997, 119-128.
  • Morrow, L. A., & Steinhauer, S. R. (1995). Alterations in heart rate and pupillary response in persons with organic solvent exposure: Biological Psychiatry Vol 37(10) May 1995, 721-730.
  • Morte, A., Benito, L., Grasa, E., Clos, S., Riba, J., & Barbanoj, M. J. (2005). Effects of tobacco smoking on the kinetics of the pupillary light reflex: A comparison between smokers and non-smokers: Neuropsychobiology Vol 52(4) Nov 2005, 169-175.
  • Mudd, S., Conway, C. G., & Schindler, D. E. (1990). The eye as music critic: Pupil response and verbal preferences: Studia Psychologica Vol 32(1-2) 1990, 23-30.
  • Naranjo, C. A., Fourie, J., Herrmann, N., Lanctot, K. L., Birt, C., & Yau, K. K. (2000). Probing peripheral and central cholinergic system responses: Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Vol 25(4) Sep 2000, 325-336.
  • Nasmeh, D. A. (1984). Pupil dilation, locus of control, and obesity in women: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Navarro, M., & Prieto, J. M. (1992). A new psycho-biological test to detect morphine-dependent users in the work environment: Applied Psychology: An International Review Vol 41(2) Apr 1992, 175-184.
  • Norrish, M. I. K., & Dwyer, K. L. (2005). Preliminary investigation of the effect of peppermint oil on an objective measure of daytime sleepiness: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 55(3) Mar 2005, 291-298.
  • North, K. N., Ouvrier, R. A., McLean, C. A., & Hopkins, I. J. (1994). Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction with dilated unresponsive pupils: Report of two cases: Journal of Child Neurology Vol 9(3) Jul 1994, 320-325.
  • Nuthmann, A., & Van Der Meer, E. (2005). Time's arrow and pupillary response: Psychophysiology Vol 42(3) May 2005, 306-317.
  • O'Hanlon, J. F., McGrath, J. J., & McCauley, M. E. (1974). Body temperature and temporal acuity: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 102(5) May 1974, 788-794.
  • Oka, S., Chapman, C. R., & Jacobson, R. C. (2000). Phasic pupil dilation response to noxious stimulation: Effects of conduction distance, sex, and age: Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 14(2) 2000, 97-105.
  • Oleson, T. D. (1974). Stimulus control of pupillary behavior and neural activity in the auditory and somatic systems of the paralyzed cat: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Oleson, T. D., Ashe, J. H., & Weinberger, N. M. (1975). Modification of auditory and somatosensory system activity during pupillary conditioning in the paralyzed cat: Journal of Neurophysiology Vol 38(5) Sep 1975, 1114-1139.
  • Oleson, T. D., Vododnick, D. S., & Weinberger, N. M. (1973). Pupillary inhibition of delay during Pavlovian conditioning of paralyzed cats: Behavioral Biology Vol 8(3) Mar 1973, 337-346.
  • Oleson, T. D., Westenberg, I. S., & Weinberger, N. M. (1972). Characteristics of the pupillary dilation response during Pavlovian conditioning in paralyzed cats: Behavioral Biology Vol 7(6) Dec 1972, 829-840.
  • O'Neill, M. T., & Hinton, J. W. (1977). Pupillographic assessment of sexual interest and sexual arousal: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 44(3, Pt 2) Jun 1977, 1278.
  • Page, H. E. (1941). The relation between area of stimulation and intensity of light at various levels of visual excitation as measured by pupil constriction: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 29(3) Sep 1941, 177-200.
  • Paivio, A., & Simpson, H. M. (1966). The effect of word abstractness and pleasantness on pupil size during an imagery task: Psychonomic Science Vol 5(2) 1966, 55-56.
  • Partala, T., & Surakka, V. (2003). Pupil size variation as an indication of affective processing: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies Vol 59(1-2) Jul 2003, 185-198.
  • Passarelli, F., & Scotti de Carolis, A. (1982). Effects of chronic treatment with imipramine on the behavioural and electroencephalographic modifications induced by clonidine in the rat: Neuropharmacology Vol 21(6) Jun 1982, 591-593.
  • Patterson, T. (1976). Skin conductance recovery and pupillometrics in chronic schizophrenia: Psychophysiology Vol 13(3) May 1976, 189-195.
  • Patterson, T. (1976). Skin conductance responding/nonresponding and pupillometrics in chronic schizophrenia: A confirmation of Gruzelier and Venables: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Vol 163(3) Sep 1976, 200-209.
  • Paulsen, H. G., & Laeng, B. (2006). Pupillometry of grapheme-color synaesthesia: Cortex Vol 42(2) Feb 2006, 290-294.
  • Peavler, W. S. (1974). Pupil size, information overload, and performance differences: Psychophysiology Vol 11(5) Sep 1974, 559-566.
  • Peavler, W. S. (1975). A reply to Hamel: Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied Vol 90(1) May 1975, 113-114.
  • Perry, F. (1987). Psychophysiological assessment in patients with chronic pain: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Plouffe, L., & Stelmack, R. M. (1979). Neuroticism and the effect of stress on the pupillary light reflex: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 49(2) Oct 1979, 635-642.
  • Poock, G. K. (1973). Information processing vs pupil diameter: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 37(3) Dec 1973, 1000-1002.
  • Poock, G. K., & Noel, C. E. (1975). Effects of layout of workplace on pupillary diameter: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 40(1) Feb 1975, 304.
  • Porter, G., Hood, B. M., Troscianko, T., & Macrae, C. N. (2006). Females, but not males, show greater pupillary response to direct- than deviated-gaze faces: Perception Vol 35(8) 2006, 1129-1136.
  • Porter, G., Troscianko, T., & Gilchrist, I. D. (2007). Effort during visual search and counting: Insights from pupillometry: The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 60(2) Feb 2007, 211-229.
  • Prather, D. C., & Berry, G. A. (1973). Differential reinforcement of the human pupillary response: Behavioral Science Vol 18(6) Nov 1973, 420-423.
  • Pressman, M. R., & et al. (1984). Patterns of daytime sleepiness in narcoleptics and normals: A pupillometric study: Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology Vol 57(2) Feb 1984, 129-133.
  • Qiyuan, J., Richer, F., Wagoner, B. L., & Beatty, J. (1985). The pupil and stimulus probability: Psychophysiology Vol 22(5) Sep 1985, 530-534.
  • Rafferty, W. J. (1974). Pupillary activity as a measure of sexual interest in pedophiles, rapists, and normals: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Reeves, A., & Segal, S. J. (1973). Effects of visual imagery on visual sensitivity and pupil diameter: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 36(3, Pt 2) Jun 1973, 1091-1098.
  • Reeves, P. (1918). Rate of pupillary dilation and contraction: Psychological Review Vol 25(4) Jul 1918, 330-340.
  • Reiner, A., Karten, H. J., Gamlin, P. D., & Erichsen, J. T. (1983). Parasympathetic ocular control: Functional subdivisions and circuitry of the avian nucleus of Edinger-Westphal: Trends in Neurosciences Vol 6(4) Apr 1983, 140-145.
  • Reinhard, G., & Lachnit, H. (2002). Differential conditioning of anticipatory pupillary dilation responses in humans: Biological Psychology Vol 60(1) Jul 2002, 51-68.
  • Reinhard, G., & Lachnit, H. (2002). The effect of stimulus probability on pupillary response as an indicator of cognitive processing in human learning and categorization: Biological Psychology Vol 60(2-3) Sep 2002, 199-215.
  • Reinhard, G., Lachnit, H., & Konig, S. (2006). Tracking stimulus processing in Pavlovian pupillary conditioning: Psychophysiology Vol 43(1) Jan 2006, 73-83.
  • Reinhard, G., Lachnit, H., & Konig, S. (2007). Effects of stimulus probability on pupillary dilation and reaction time in categorization: Psychophysiology Vol 44(3) May 2007, 469-475.
  • Rice, B. (1974). Lesbians, pedophiliacs, pilots and personnel: Psychology Today Vol 7(9) Feb 1974, 57.
  • Rice, B. (1974). Rattlesnakes, french fries and pupillometric oversell: Psychology Today Vol 7(9) Feb 1974, 55-59.
  • Richer, F., & Beatty, J. (1985). Pupillary dilations in movement preparation and execution: Psychophysiology Vol 22(2) Mar 1985, 204-207.
  • Richer, F., & Beatty, J. (1987). Contrasting effects of response uncertainty on the task-evoked pupillary response and reaction time: Psychophysiology Vol 24(3) May 1987, 258-262.
  • Richer, F., Silverman, C., & Beatty, J. (1983). Response selection and initiation in speeded reactions: A pupillometric analysis: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance Vol 9(3) Jun 1983, 360-370.
  • Richer, F. G. (1985). Task-evoked pupillary responses in decisional and motor processing: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Robinson, M. G., & et al. (1974). Assessment of pupil size during acute heroin withdrawal in Viet Nam: Neurology Vol 24(8) Aug 1974, 729-732.
  • Rooney, B. J., & Cooper, R. M. (1988). 2-Deoxyglucose uptake in the rat visual system following pupil dilation with atropine: Vision Research Vol 28(2) 1988, 259-262.
  • Rosse, R. B., Johri, S. K., & Deutsch, S. I. (1997). Pupillary changes associated with the development of stimulant-induced mania: A case report: Clinical Neuropharmacology Vol 20(3) Jun 1997, 270-275.
  • Rowland, L. M., Thomas, M. L., Thorne, D. R., Sing, H. C., Krichmar, J. L., Davis, H. Q., et al. (2005). Oculomotor Responses During Partial and Total Sleep Deprivation: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Vol 76(7,Sect2,Suppl) Jul 2005, C104-C113.
  • Rubin, L. S. (1965). Autonomic dysfunction in neurotic behavior: Archives of General Psychiatry 12(6) 1965, 572-585.
  • Rubin, L. S., & Barry, T. J. (1972). The effect of the cold pressor test on pupillary reactivity of schizophrenics in remission: Biological Psychiatry Vol 5(2) Oct 1972, 181-197.
  • Rubin, L. S., & et al. (1977). Effects of stress on autonomic reactivity in alcoholics: Pupillometric studies: I: Journal of Studies on Alcohol Vol 38(11) Nov 1977, 2036-2048.
  • Rubin, L. S., & et al. (1978). Autonomic nervous system concomitants of short-term abstinence in alcoholics: Pupillometric studies: II: Journal of Studies on Alcohol Vol 39(11) Nov 1978, 1895-1907.
  • Ryugo, D. K., & Weinberger, N. M. (1978). Differential plasticity of morphologically distinct neuron populations in the medial geniculate body of the cat during classical conditioning: Behavioral & Neural Biology Vol 22(3) Mar 1978, 275-301.
  • Saeed, M., Henderson, G., & Button, G. N. (2007). Hyoscine skin patches for drooling dilate pupils and impair accommodation: Spectacle correction for photophobia and blurred vision may be warranted: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology Vol 49(6) Jun 2007, 426-428.
  • Saini, V. D., & Cohen, G. H. (1979). Using color substitution pupil response to expose chromatic mechanisms: Journal of the Optical Society of America Vol 69(7) Jul 1979, 1029-1035.
  • Sallas, A. A. (1976). Communicative functions of eyes: An ethological perspective on human communicative interactions: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Salter, L. G. (1973). The relationships among four personality dimensions and pupillary response: Dissertation Abstracts International Vol.
  • Samuels, E. R., Hou, R. H., Langley, R. W., Szabadi, E., & Bradshaw, C. M. (2006). Comparison of pramipexole and amisulpride on alertness, autonomic and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers: Psychopharmacology Vol 187(4) Sep 2006, 498-510.
  • Sanders, J. L., & Fothergill, T. E. (1977). Semantic differential measures of effect of pupil size on person perception: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 44(3, Pt 2) Jun 1977, 1086.
  • Schluroff, M. (1982). Pupil responses to grammatical complexity of sentences: Brain and Language Vol 17(1) Sep 1982, 133-145.
  • Schmidt, H. S. (1982). Pupillometric assessment of disorders of arousal: Sleep: Journal of Sleep Research & Sleep Medicine Vol 5(Suppl 2) 1982, 157-164.
  • Schmitt, J. A. J., Riedel, W. J., Vuurman, E. F. P. M., Kruizinga, M., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2002). Modulation of the Critical Flicker Fusion effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors by concomitant pupillary changes: Psychopharmacology Vol 160(4) Apr 2002, 381-386.
  • Schnelle, J. F., Kennedy, M., Rutledge, A. W., & Golden, S. B. (1974). Pupillary response as indication of sexual preference in a juvenile correctional institution: Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol 30(2) Apr 1974, 146-150.
  • Scinto, L. F. M., Daffner, K. R., Dressler, D., Ransil, B. I., & et al. (1994). A potential noninvasive neurobiological test for Alzheimer's disease: Science Vol 266(5187) Nov 1994, 1051-1054.
  • Semmlow, J., & Stark, L. (1973). Pupil movements to light and accommodative stimulation: A comparative study: Vision Research Vol 13(6) Jun 1973, 1087-1100.
  • Senay, E. C., & Shick, J. F. (1978). Pupillography response to methadone challenge: Aid to diagnosis of opioid dependence: Drug and Alcohol Dependence Vol 3(2) Mar 1978, 133-138.
  • Shiga, N., & Ohkubo, Y. (1978). Pupillary movements during shadowing: Tohoku Psychologica Folia Vol 37(1-4) 1978, 16-24.
  • Shiga, N., & Ohkubo, Y. (1979). Pupillary responses to auditory stimuli: A study about the change of the pattern of the pupillary reflex dilation: Tohoku Psychologica Folia Vol 38(1-4) 1979, 57-65.
  • Shiga, N., & Ohkubo, Y. (1980). Pupillary reflex dilation to the auditory stimuli: The effects of parasympathetic activity on the pattern of the pupillary reflex dilatation: Tohoku Psychologica Folia Vol 39(1-4) 1980, 31-39.
  • Shiga, N., & Sasaki, Y. (1982). Pupillary light reflex of psychosomatic disease patients: Tohoku Psychologica Folia Vol 41(1-4) 1982, 42-53.
  • Shioiri, T., Kuwabara, H., Abe, R., Iijima, A., Kojima-Maruyama, M., Kitamura, H., et al. (2006). Lack of a relationship between the pupillary light reflex response and state/trait anxiety in remitted patients with panic disorder: Journal of Affective Disorders Vol 95(1-3) Oct 2006, 159-164.
  • Siegle, G. J., Steinhauer, S. R., Carter, C. S., Ramel, W., & Thase, M. E. (2003). Do the Seconds Turn Into Hours? Relationships between Sustained Pupil Dilation in Response to Emotional Information and Self-Reported Rumination: Cognitive Therapy and Research Vol 27(3) Jun 2003, 365-382.
  • Siegle, G. J., Steinhauer, S. R., & Thase, M. E. (2004). Pupillary assessment and computational modeling of the Stroop task in depression: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 63-76.
  • Siepmann, T., Ziemssen, T., Mueck-Weymann, M., Kirch, W., & Siepmann, M. (2007). The effects of venlafaxine on autonomic functions in healthy volunteers: Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology Vol 27(6) Dec 2007, 687-691.
  • Simpson, H. M. (2006). The effects of word abstractness and pleasantness on pupil size during an imagery task. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Simpson, H. M., & Paivio, A. (1966). Changes in pupil size during an imagery task without motor response involvement: Psychonomic Science Vol 5(10) 1966, 405-406.
  • Skinner, N. F. (1980). The Hess, et al. study of pupillary activity in heterosexual and homosexual males: A re-evaluation: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 51(3, Pt 1) Dec 1980, 844.
  • Skinner, N. F. (1980). Pupillary activity and male sexuality: Reply to Hess and Petrovich: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 51(3, Pt 1) Dec 1980, 897-898.
  • Sloane, M. E., Owsley, C., & Alvarez, S. L. (1988). Aging, senile miosis and spatial contrast sensitivity at low luminance: Vision Research Vol 28(11) 1988, 1235-1246.
  • Smith, C. V. (1977). The pupillometric response: A psychophysical phenomenon associated with perception of self and others: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Smith, R. D., Grzelak, M. E., Belanger, B., & Morgan, C. A., III. (1996). The effects of tropicamide on mydriasis in young rats exhibiting a natural deficit in passive-avoidance responding: Life Sciences Vol 59(9) Jul 1996, 753-760.
  • Sokolski, K. N., & Demet, E. M. (1996). Increased pupillary sensitivity to pilocarpine in depression: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry Vol 20(2) Mar 1996, 253-261.
  • Sokolski, K. N., & DeMet, E. M. (2000). Cholinergic sensitivity predicts severity of mania: Psychiatry Research Vol 95(3) Sep 2000, 195-200.
  • Sokolski, K. N., Nguyen, B. D., & DeMet, E. M. (2000). Decreases in dilated pupil size in depressed patients with age may reflect adrenergic changes: Psychiatry Research Vol 94(3) Jul 2000, 267-272.
  • Staners, R. F., Coulter, M., Sweet, A. W., & Murphy, P. (1979). The pupillary response as an indicator of arousal and cognition: Motivation and Emotion Vol 3(4) Dec 1979, 319-340.
  • Stanners, R. F., & Headley, D. B. (1972). Pupil size and instructional set in recognition and recall: Psychophysiology Vol 9(5) Sep 1972, 505-511.
  • Steinhauer, S. R. (1982). Emitted and evoked pupillary responses and event-related potentials as a function of reward and task involvement: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Steinhauer, S. R., Condray, R., & Kasparek, A. (2000). Cognitive modulation of midbrain function: Task-induced reduction of the pupillary light reflex: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 39(1) Dec 2000, 21-30.
  • Steinhauer, S. R., & Hakerem, G. (1992). The pupillary response in cognitive psychophysiology and schizophrenia. New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences.
  • Steinhauer, S. R., Siegle, G. J., Condray, R., & Pless, M. (2004). Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of pupillary dilation during sustained processing: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 77-86.
  • Stelmack, R. M., & Leckett, W. J. (1974). Effect of artificial pupil size on recognition threshold: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 39(2) Oct 1974, 739-742.
  • Stelmack, R. M., & Mandelzys, N. (1975). Extraversion and pupillary response to affective and taboo words: Psychophysiology Vol 12(5) Sep 1975, 536-540.
  • Stelmack, R. M., & Siddle, D. A. (1982). Pupillary dilation as an index of the orienting reflex: Psychophysiology Vol 19(6) Nov 1982, 706-708.
  • Sternbach, R. A. (1968). Operational Psychophysiology: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 13 (9), Sep, 1968.
  • Sturgeon, R. S., Cooper, L. M., & Howell, R. J. (1989). Pupil response: A psychophysiological measure of fear during analogue desensitization: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 69(3, Pt 2) Dec 1989, 1351-1367.
  • Sun, F., & Stark, L. (1983). Pupillary escape intensified by large pupillary size: Vision Research Vol 23(6) 1983, 611-615.
  • Szabo, Z., Tokaji, Z., Kalman, J., Oroszi, L., Pestenacz, A., & Janka, Z. (2004). The effect of bright light exposure on pupillary fluctuations in healthy subjects: Journal of Affective Disorders Vol 78(2) Feb 2004, 153-156.
  • Szechtman, H., Adler, N. T., & Komisaruk, B. R. (1985). Mating induces pupillary dilatation in female rats: Role of pelvic nerve: Physiology & Behavior Vol 35(2) Aug 1985, 295-301.
  • Tada, H. (1986). Eyeblink rates as a function of the interest value of video stimuli: Tohoku Psychologica Folia Vol 45(1-4) 1986, 107-113.
  • Takagi, A., Ishihara, S. y., Kondo, T., Sakakibara, H., Toyoshima, H., Kono, K., et al. (1999). Age effects on pupil dilation among Alzheimer's patients: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Vol 47(2) Feb 1999, 257-258.
  • Taptagaporn, S., & Saito, S. (1990). How display polarity and lighting conditions affect the pupil size of VDT operators: Ergonomics Vol 33(2) Feb 1990, 201-208.
  • Tavernor, S. J., Abduljawad, K. A. J., Langley, R. W., Bradshaw, C. M., & Szabadi, E. (2000). Effects of pentagastrin and the cold pressor test on the acoustic startle response and pupillary function in man: Journal of Psychopharmacology Vol 14(4) 2000, 387-394.
  • Taylor, J. S. (1981). Pupillary response to auditory versus visual mental loading: A pilot study using super 8-mm photography: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 52(2) Apr 1981, 425-426.
  • Thoss, F., & Bouzrina, S. (1976). The influence of adaptation and field area on the exponents of Stevens' power functions at the light reaction of human pupil: Vision Research Vol 16(3) 1976, 317-320.
  • Tombs, S., & Silverman, I. (2004). Pupillometry: A sexual selection approach: Evolution and Human Behavior Vol 25(4) Jul 2004, 221-228.
  • Tomlinson, N., Hicks, R. A., & Pellegrini, R. J. (1978). Attributions of female college students to variations in pupil size: Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society Vol 12(6) Dec 1978, 477-478.
  • Travis, R. C. (1926). The effect upon dark adaptation and visual periodicity of atropin and homatropin: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 9(4) Aug 1926, 348-357.
  • Trejo, L. J., & Cicerone, C. M. (1982). Retinal sensitivity measured by the pupillary light reflex in RCS and albino rats: Vision Research Vol 22(9) 1982, 1163-1171.
  • Tryon, W. W. (1975). Pupillometry: A survey of sources of variation: Psychophysiology Vol 12(1) Jan 1975, 90-93.
  • Tsuji, K., Hayashibe, K., Hara, M., & Kato, Y. (2004). Detailed Analyses of Ganzfeld Phenomena as Perceptual Events in Stimulus-Reductive Situations: Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie Vol 63(3) Sep 2004, 217-223.
  • Ueda, T., Nawa, Y., Okamoto, M., & Hara, Y. (2007). Effect of pupil size on dynamic visual acuity: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 104(1) Feb 2007, 267-272.
  • Ukai, K., Tsuchiya, K., & Ishikawa, S. (1997). Induced pupillary hippus following near vision: Increased occurrence in visual display unit workers: Ergonomics Vol 40(11) Nov 1997, 1201-1211.
  • Van der Molen, M. W., Boomsma, D. I., Jennings, J. R., & Nieuwboer, R. T. (1989). Does the heart know what the eye sees? A cardiac/pupillometric analysis of motor preparation and response execution: Psychophysiology Vol 26(1) Jan 1989, 70-80.
  • Van Gerven, P. W. M., Paas, F., Van Merrienboer, J. J. G., & Schmidt, H. G. (2004). Memory load and the cognitive pupillary response in aging: Psychophysiology Vol 41(2) Mar 2004, 167-174.
  • Vaupel, D. B., Nozaki, M., & Martin, W. R. (1977). A pharmacologic comparison of 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine and LSD in the chronic spinal dog: Drug and Alcohol Dependence Vol 2(1) Jan 1977, 45-63.
  • Verghese, J. (1999). Is videopupillography useful in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease? : Neurology Vol 52(3) Feb 1999, 674-675.
  • Verney, S. P., Granholm, E., & Dionisio, D. P. (2001). Pupillary responses and processing resources on the visual backward masking task: Psychophysiology Vol 38(1) Jan 2001, 76-83.
  • Verney, S. P., Granholm, E., & Marshall, S. P. (2004). Pupillary responses on the visual backward masking task reflect general cognitive ability: International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol 52(1) Mar 2004, 23-36.
  • Wagoner, B. L. (1983). Limited capacity resources: A neuropsychological approach: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Wagoner, J. H., & Sullenberger, C. B. (1978). Pupillary size as an indicator of preference in humor: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 47(3, Pt 1) Dec 1978, 779-782.
  • Walters, R. P. (1974). Pupillary response following statements at three levels of a communication scale: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Walters, R. P. (1975). Pupillary response subsequent to statements at three levels of a communication scale: Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol 31(1) Jan 1975, 115-118.
  • Watson, J. B. (1904). Wie verhalten sich die Helmholtzschen Grundfarben zur Weite der Pupille? : Psychological Bulletin Vol 1(6) May 1904, 205.
  • Watson, P. J., & Gatchel, R. J. (1979). Autonomic measures of advertising: Journal of Advertising Research Vol 19(3) Jun 1979, 15-29.
  • Wedell, C. H., Taylor, F. V., & Skolnick, A. (1940). An attempt to condition the pupillary response: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 27(5) Nov 1940, 517-531.
  • Weinberger, A. S. (1980). The effects of problem-solving ability and task difficulty on the pupil response during cognitive tasks employing "continuous" stimuli: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Weinberger, N. M., Oleson, T. D., & Haste, D. (1973). Inhibitory control of the conditional pupillary dilation response in the paralyzed cat: Behavioral Biology Vol 9(3) Sep 1973, 307-316.
  • Weiskrantz, L. (1998). Pupillary responses with and without awareness in blindsight: Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal Vol 7(3) Sep 1998, 324-326.
  • Weiskrantz, L., Cowey, A., & Barbur, J. L. (1999). Differential pupillary constriction and awareness in the absence of striate cortex: Brain: A Journal of Neurology Vol 122(8) Aug 1999, 1533-1538.
  • White, G. L., & Maltzman, I. (1978). Pupillary activity while listening to verbal passages: Journal of Research in Personality Vol 12(3) Sep 1978, 361-369.
  • White, T. L., & Depue, R. A. (1999). Differential association of traits of fear and anxiety with norepinephrine- and dark-induced pupil reactivity: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 77(4) Oct 1999, 863-877.
  • Wilhelm, B. J., Wilhelm, H., Moro, S., & Barbur, J. L. (2002). Pupil response components: Studies in patients with Parinaud's syndrome: Brain: A Journal of Neurology Vol 125(10) Oct 2002, 2296-2307.
  • Wilson, D. (1973). A centre for accommodative vergence motor control: Vision Research Vol 13(12) Dec 1973, 2491-2503.
  • Woodhouse, J. M. (1975). The effect of pupil size on grating detection at various contrast levels: Vision Research Vol 15(6) Jun 1975, 645-648.
  • Woodhouse, J. M., & Campbell, F. W. (1975). The role of the pupil light reflex in aiding adaptation to the dark: Vision Research Vol 15(6) Jun 1975, 649-653.
  • Yang, Y., & Wu, F. (2007). Technical Note: Comparison of the wavefront aberrations between natural and pharmacological pupil dilations: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol 27(2) Mar 2007, 220-223.
  • Yinon, U., Urinowsky, E., & Barishak, Y.-T. R. (1981). Paradoxical pupillary constriction in dark reared chicks: Vision Research Vol 21(8) 1981, 1319-1322.
  • Young, R. S., & Alpern, M. (1980). Pupil responses to foveal exchange of monochromatic lights: Journal of the Optical Society of America Vol 70(6) Jun 1980, 697-706.
  • Zacny, J. P., Lichtor, J. L., Binstock, W., Coalson, D. W., & et al. (1993). Subjective, behavioral and physiological responses to intravenous meperidine in healthy volunteers: Psychopharmacology Vol 111(3) Jun 1993, 306-314.
  • Zahn, T. P., Little, B. C., & Wender, P. H. (1978). Pupillary and heart rate reactivity in children with minimal brain dysfunction: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology Vol 6(1) Mar 1978, 135-147.
  • Zeitner, R. M. (1976). The pupillometric response as an index of self-esteem: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Zeitner, R. M., & Weight, D. G. (1979). The pupillometric response as a parameter of self-esteem: Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol 35(1) Jan 1979, 176-183.
  • Zimmer, K., & Hohne, B. (1983). Pupillo-motoric indications of processing effort during the realization of semantic relations: Zeitschrift fur Psychologie mit Zeitschrift fur angewandte Psychologie Vol 191(2) 1983, 108-134.
Advertisement