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The practitioner–scholar model, often called the Vail model, is a training model for graduate programs that is focused on clinical practice[1]. It was developed primarily to train clinical psychologists but may be adapted by other specialty programs. According to this model, a psychologist is a scholar, a consumer of research, and a highly-trained professional practitioner who applies knowledge and techniques to solve problems of clients.

Model[]

Creation[]

In 1973, a new clinical psychology training model was proposed at the historic Vail Conference on Professional Training in Psychology in Vail, Colorado -- the practitioner-scholar model—providing yet another path of training for those primarily interested in clinical practice.[1] Prior to this, in 1949, a ground breaking conference was held in Boulder, Colorado, endorsing a model of study for clinicians that to this day has dominated clinical programs at most University based institutions: the scientist-practitioner model, designed to provide a rigorous grounding in research methods and a breadth of exposure to clinical psychology. Prior, research scientists had dominated the field of psychological work, and this second, new model, known as the 'Vail' model, called for more practitioner-oriented course work.

Features[]

Several features differentiate the practitioner-scholar model from the other two[1]:

  • Training in this model is more strongly focused on clinical practice than either of the other two.
  • Many (but not all) of these training programs grant a Psy.D. degree rather than a Ph.D. or Ed.D.
  • Admissions criteria may place more of an emphasis on personal qualities of the applicants or clinically related work experience.
  • Accepts a much larger number of students than the typical Ph.D. degree.
  • These programs are typically housed in a greater variety of institutional settings than are research scientist or scientist-practitioner programs.

Like scientist-practitioner training, practitioner-scholar training is characterized by core courses in both basic and applied psychology, supervision during extensive clinical experience, and research consumption. Both require predoctoral internships that are usually full-time appointments in universities, medical centers, community mental health centers, or hospitals.[1]

References[]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Association, American (2007). Getting in, Washington: American Psychological Association.

See also[]

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