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'''Picrotoxin''', also known as '''cocculin''', is a poisonous crystalline plant alkaloid, first isolated by Boullay in 1812. |
'''Picrotoxin''', also known as '''cocculin''', is a poisonous crystalline plant alkaloid, first isolated by Boullay in 1812. |
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| − | Found primarily in '' |
+ | Found primarily in ''Cocculus indicus'' and ''Anamirta cocculus'', it has a strong physiological action. It acts as a [[non-competitive]] [[receptor antagonist|antagonist]] of [[GABA A receptor]]s. As GABA itself is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, infusion of picrotoxin has a stimulative effect. |
== Chemical structure == |
== Chemical structure == |
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Revision as of 19:04, 14 July 2008
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Picrotoxin chemical structure | |
IUPAC name | |
| CAS number 124-87-8 |
ATC code [[ATC_code_|]][1] |
| PubChem 5360688 |
DrugBank APRD00269 |
| Chemical formula | {{{chemical_formula}}} |
| Molecular weight | 602.583 g/mol |
| Bioavailability | |
| Metabolism | |
| Elimination half-life | |
| Excretion | |
| Pregnancy category | |
| Legal status | |
| Routes of administration | |
Picrotoxin, also known as cocculin, is a poisonous crystalline plant alkaloid, first isolated by Boullay in 1812.
Found primarily in Cocculus indicus and Anamirta cocculus, it has a strong physiological action. It acts as a non-competitive antagonist of GABA A receptors. As GABA itself is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, infusion of picrotoxin has a stimulative effect.
Chemical structure
Picrotoxin (C30H34O13) consists of two substances, picrotoxinin (C15H1606) and picrotin (C15H1807).
References
- L. Dupont, O. Dideberg, J. Lamotte-Brasseur et L. Angenot (1976). Structure cristalline et moléculaire de la picrotoxine, C15H16O6.C15H18O7. Acta Cryst. B32: 2987–2993. (in French)
External links
- Ehrenberger K, Benkoe E, Felix D (1982). Suppressive action of picrotoxin, a GABA antagonist, on labyrinthine spontaneous nystagmus and vertigo in man. Acta Otolaryngol. 93 (3-4): 269–73.
- Basic Neurochemistry: GABA Receptor Physiology and Pharmacology
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