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===Memory Decline Seen in Normal Aging=== |
===Memory Decline Seen in Normal Aging=== |
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− | The ability to encode new memories of events or facts and [[working memory]] show decline in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. These deficits may be related to impairments seen in the ability to refresh recently processed information. In addition, even when equated in memory for a particular item or fact, older adults tend to be worse at remembering the source of their information, a deficit that may be related to declines in the ability to bind information together in memory. |
+ | The ability to encode new memories of events or facts and [[working memory]] show decline in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. These deficits may be related to impairments seen in the ability to refresh recently processed information. In addition, even when equated in [[memory]] for a particular item or fact, older adults tend to be worse at remembering the source of their information, a deficit that may be related to declines in the ability to bind information together in memory. |
===Domains of Memory Mostly Spared in Normal Aging=== |
===Domains of Memory Mostly Spared in Normal Aging=== |
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===Qualitative Changes in Memory Processing with Age=== |
===Qualitative Changes in Memory Processing with Age=== |
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− | Most research on memory and aging has focused on how older adults perform less well at a particular memory task. However, recently researchers have also discovered that simply saying that older adults are doing the same thing, only less of it, is not always accurate. In some cases, older adults seem to be using different strategies than younger adults. For example, brain imaging studies have revealed that older adults are more likely to use both hemispheres when completing memory tasks than younger adults. In addition, older adults often show a [[positivity effect]] when remembering information, which seems to be a result of the increased focus on regulating emotion seen with age. |
+ | Most research on memory and aging has focused on how older adults perform less well at a particular memory task. However, recently researchers have also discovered that simply saying that older adults are doing the same thing, only less of it, is not always accurate. In some cases, older adults seem to be using different strategies than younger adults. For example, [[brain imaging]] studies have revealed that older adults are more likely to use both hemispheres when completing memory tasks than younger adults. In addition, older adults often show a [[positivity effect]] when remembering information, which seems to be a result of the increased focus on regulating emotion seen with age. |
== See also == |
== See also == |
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− | * [[ |
+ | * [[Anterograde amnesia]] |
+ | * [[Evaluation of memory in older adults]] |
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+ | * [[Islands of memory]] |
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+ | * [[Presbyophrenia]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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* Johnson, M.K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D.S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 3-28. [http://memlab1.eng.yale.edu/PDFs/1993_Johnson_Hashtroudi_Lindsay_PsychBull.pdf PDF] |
* Johnson, M.K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D.S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 3-28. [http://memlab1.eng.yale.edu/PDFs/1993_Johnson_Hashtroudi_Lindsay_PsychBull.pdf PDF] |
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* Johnson, M.K., Reeder, J.A., Raye, C.L., & Mitchell, K.J. (2002). Second thoughts versus second looks: An age-related deficit in selectively refreshing just-active information. Psychological Science, 13, 64-67. [http://memlab1.eng.yale.edu/PDFs/2002_Johnson_Reeder_Raye_PsychSci.pdf PDF] |
* Johnson, M.K., Reeder, J.A., Raye, C.L., & Mitchell, K.J. (2002). Second thoughts versus second looks: An age-related deficit in selectively refreshing just-active information. Psychological Science, 13, 64-67. [http://memlab1.eng.yale.edu/PDFs/2002_Johnson_Reeder_Raye_PsychSci.pdf PDF] |
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− | * Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 496-502. [http://people.ucsc.edu/~mather/pdffiles/MatherCarstensen2005.pdf PDF] |
+ | * Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 496-502. [http://web.archive.org/20051028042751/people.ucsc.edu/~mather/pdffiles/MatherCarstensen2005.pdf PDF] |
* Mitchell, K.J., Johnson, M.K., Raye, C.L., Mather, M., & D'Esposito, M. (2000). Aging and reflective processes of working memory: Binding and test load deficits. Psychology and Aging, 15, 527-541. [http://memlab1.eng.yale.edu/PDFs/2000_Mitchell_Johnson_Raye_PsychAging.pdf PDF] |
* Mitchell, K.J., Johnson, M.K., Raye, C.L., Mather, M., & D'Esposito, M. (2000). Aging and reflective processes of working memory: Binding and test load deficits. Psychology and Aging, 15, 527-541. [http://memlab1.eng.yale.edu/PDFs/2000_Mitchell_Johnson_Raye_PsychAging.pdf PDF] |
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* Verhaeghen, P. (2003). Aging and vocabulary scores: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 18, 332-339. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12825780&dopt=Citation Abstract] |
* Verhaeghen, P. (2003). Aging and vocabulary scores: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 18, 332-339. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12825780&dopt=Citation Abstract] |
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* [http://familydoctor.org/124.xml What is normal memory loss with aging] |
* [http://familydoctor.org/124.xml What is normal memory loss with aging] |
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* [http://www.aarp.org/nrta/Articles/a2003-08-19-memoryloss.html Resources to keep your memory sharp from the AARP] |
* [http://www.aarp.org/nrta/Articles/a2003-08-19-memoryloss.html Resources to keep your memory sharp from the AARP] |
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− | * [http://psych.ucsc.edu/matherlab/summary_emomem.html Recent findings about aging and emotional memory] |
+ | * [http://web.archive.org/20060708095319/psych.ucsc.edu/matherlab/summary_emomem.html Recent findings about aging and emotional memory] |
* [http://www.med.uni-muenchen.de/haass Laboratory for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease Research - Prof. Dr. Christian Haass] |
* [http://www.med.uni-muenchen.de/haass Laboratory for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease Research - Prof. Dr. Christian Haass] |
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[[Category:Aging]] |
[[Category:Aging]] |
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[[Category:Cognition]] |
[[Category:Cognition]] |
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− | [[Category: |
+ | [[Category:Neuropsychology in older adults older]] |
[[Category:Cognitive science]] |
[[Category:Cognitive science]] |
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[[Category:Old age]] |
[[Category:Old age]] |
Latest revision as of 05:39, 24 January 2014
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One of the key concerns of older adults is experiencing memory loss, especially as it is one of the hallmark symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease. However, memory loss is qualitatively different in normal aging than it is in Alzheimer's Disease.
Memory Decline Seen in Normal Aging
The ability to encode new memories of events or facts and working memory show decline in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. These deficits may be related to impairments seen in the ability to refresh recently processed information. In addition, even when equated in memory for a particular item or fact, older adults tend to be worse at remembering the source of their information, a deficit that may be related to declines in the ability to bind information together in memory.
Domains of Memory Mostly Spared in Normal Aging
In contrast, implicit, or procedural memory typically shows no decline with age and semantic knowledge, such as vocabulary, actually improves somewhat with age. In addition, the enhancement seen in memory for emotional events is also maintained with age.
Qualitative Changes in Memory Processing with Age
Most research on memory and aging has focused on how older adults perform less well at a particular memory task. However, recently researchers have also discovered that simply saying that older adults are doing the same thing, only less of it, is not always accurate. In some cases, older adults seem to be using different strategies than younger adults. For example, brain imaging studies have revealed that older adults are more likely to use both hemispheres when completing memory tasks than younger adults. In addition, older adults often show a positivity effect when remembering information, which seems to be a result of the increased focus on regulating emotion seen with age.
See also
References
- Cabeza, R. (2002). Hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults: The HAROLD model. Psychology and Aging, 17, 85-100. PDF
- Fleischman, D.A., Wilson, R.S., Gabrieli, J.D.E., Bienias, J.L., Bennett, D.A. (2004). A longitudinal study of implicit and explicit memory in old persons. Psychology and Aging, 19, 617-625. Abstract
- Hedden, T., & Gabrieli, J.D.E. (2004). Insights into the ageing mind: A view from cognitive neuroscience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 87-97. PDF
- Johnson, M.K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D.S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 3-28. PDF
- Johnson, M.K., Reeder, J.A., Raye, C.L., & Mitchell, K.J. (2002). Second thoughts versus second looks: An age-related deficit in selectively refreshing just-active information. Psychological Science, 13, 64-67. PDF
- Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 496-502. PDF
- Mitchell, K.J., Johnson, M.K., Raye, C.L., Mather, M., & D'Esposito, M. (2000). Aging and reflective processes of working memory: Binding and test load deficits. Psychology and Aging, 15, 527-541. PDF
- Verhaeghen, P. (2003). Aging and vocabulary scores: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 18, 332-339. Abstract
External links
- Memory-related resources from the National Institutes of Health
- What is normal memory loss with aging
- Resources to keep your memory sharp from the AARP
- Recent findings about aging and emotional memory
- Laboratory for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease Research - Prof. Dr. Christian Haass
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