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Line 1: |
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{{BioPsy}} |
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{{BioPsy}} |
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{{protein |
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| Name = melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) |
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| caption = |
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| image = |
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| width = |
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| HGNCid = 6929 |
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| Symbol = MC1R |
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| AltSymbols = |
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| EntrezGene = 4157 |
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| OMIM = 155555 |
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| RefSeq = NM_002386 |
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| UniProt = Q01726 |
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| PDB = |
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| ECnumber = |
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| Chromosome = 16 |
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| Arm = q |
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| Band = 24.3 |
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| LocusSupplementaryData = |
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}} |
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{{protein |
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| Name = melanocortin 2 receptor (adrenocorticotropic hormone) |
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| caption = |
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| image = |
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| width = |
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| HGNCid = 6930 |
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| Symbol = MC2R |
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| AltSymbols = |
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| EntrezGene = 4158 |
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| OMIM = 607397 |
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| RefSeq = NM_000529 |
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| UniProt = Q01718 |
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| PDB = |
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| ECnumber = |
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| Chromosome = 18 |
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| Arm = p |
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| Band = 11.2 |
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| LocusSupplementaryData = |
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}} |
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{{protein |
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| Name = melanocortin 3 receptor |
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| caption = |
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| image = |
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| width = |
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| HGNCid = 6931 |
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| Symbol = MC3R |
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| AltSymbols = |
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| EntrezGene = 4159 |
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| − |
| OMIM = 155540 |
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| RefSeq = NM_019888 |
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| UniProt = P41968 |
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| PDB = |
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| ECnumber = |
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| Chromosome = 20 |
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| Arm = q |
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| Band = 13.2 |
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| LocusSupplementaryData = -13.3 |
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}} |
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{{protein |
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| Name = melanocortin 4 receptor |
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| caption = |
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| image = |
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| width = |
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| HGNCid = 6932 |
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| − |
| Symbol = MC4R |
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| AltSymbols = |
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| − |
| EntrezGene = 4160 |
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| − |
| OMIM = 155541 |
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| − |
| RefSeq = NM_005912 |
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| − |
| UniProt = P32245 |
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| − |
| PDB = |
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| − |
| ECnumber = |
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| − |
| Chromosome = 18 |
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| − |
| Arm = q |
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| − |
| Band = 22 |
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| LocusSupplementaryData = |
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}} |
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{{protein |
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| Name = melanocortin 5 receptor |
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| caption = |
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| image = |
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| width = |
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| HGNCid = 6933 |
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| Symbol = MC5R |
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| AltSymbols = |
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| EntrezGene = 4161 |
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| − |
| OMIM = 600042 |
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| RefSeq = NM_005913 |
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| − |
| UniProt = P33032 |
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| PDB = |
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| − |
| ECnumber = |
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| − |
| Chromosome = 18 |
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| − |
| Arm = p |
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| − |
| Band = 11.2 |
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| − |
| LocusSupplementaryData = |
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| − |
}} |
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'''Melanocortin receptors''' are members of the [[rhodopsin]] family of 7-transmembrane, [[G-protein coupled receptors]]. |
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'''Melanocortin receptors''' are members of the [[rhodopsin]] family of 7-transmembrane, [[G-protein coupled receptors]]. |
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There are five members of the melanocortin receptor system each with differing specificities for [[melanocortin]]s. |
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There are five members of the melanocortin receptor system<ref>[http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/bodyweight/melanocortins.html Melanocortins and the Melanocortin Receptor<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> each with differing specificities for [[melanocortin]]s: |
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MC2 is also known as the [[ACTH]] or corticotropin receptor because it is specific for ACTH alone. |
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* {{Gene|MC1R}}. [[Mc1r]] is associated with pigmentation genetics. |
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* {{Gene|MC2R}}. It is also known as the [[ACTH receptor]] or corticotropin receptor because it is specific for ACTH alone. |
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* {{Gene|MC3R}} |
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* {{Gene|MC4R}}. Defects in MC4R are a cause of [[autosomal dominant]] [[obesity]], accounting for 6% of all cases of early-onset obesity.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Farooqi IS, Keogh JM, Yeo GS, Lank EJ, Cheetham T, O'Rahilly S |title=Clinical spectrum of obesity and mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=348 |issue=12 |pages=1085-95 |year=2003 |pmid=12646665 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa022050}}</ref> |
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* {{Gene|MC5R}} |
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These receptors are [[Receptor antagonist|inhibited]] by [[endogenous]] [[antagonists]] [[Agouti signalling peptide|agouti signaling protein]] and agouti-related protein<ref>{{cite journal |author=Chai B, Pogozheva I, Lai Y, Li J, Neubig R, Mosberg H, Gantz I |title=Receptor-antagonist interactions in the complexes of agouti and agouti-related protein with human melanocortin 1 and 4 receptors |journal=Biochemistry |volume=44 |issue=9 |pages=3418-31 |year=2005 |pmid=15736952}}</ref> and activated by endogenous [[agonist]] [[melanocyte-stimulating hormone]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Pogozheva I, Chai B, Lomize A, Fong T, Weinberg D, Nargund R, Mulholland M, Gantz I, Mosberg H |title=Interactions of human melanocortin 4 receptor with nonpeptide and peptide agonists |journal=Biochemistry |volume=44 |issue=34 |pages=11329-41 |year=2005 |pmid=16114870}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist|2}} |
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==External links== |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ChapterMenuForward?chapterID=1290 IUPHAR GPCR Database - Melanocortin receptors] |
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* {{MeshName|Melanocortin+Receptors}} |
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* {{MeshName|Melanocortin+Receptors}} |
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*[http://opm.phar.umich.edu/protein.php?pdbid=2iqv Calculated spatial position of melanocortin-4 receptor in the lipid bilayer, inactive state with antagonist] and [http://opm.phar.umich.edu/protein.php?pdbid=2iqr active state with agonist] |
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[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]] |
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{{G protein-coupled receptors}} |
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[[Category:Neroendocrinology]] |
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{{enWP|Melanocortin receptor}} |
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{{enWP|Melanocortin receptor}} |
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Melanocortin receptors are members of the rhodopsin family of 7-transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptors.
There are five members of the melanocortin receptor system[1] each with differing specificities for melanocortins:
These receptors are inhibited by endogenous antagonists agouti signaling protein and agouti-related protein[3] and activated by endogenous agonist melanocyte-stimulating hormone.[4]
References
Edit
- ↑ Melanocortins and the Melanocortin Receptor
- ↑ Farooqi IS, Keogh JM, Yeo GS, Lank EJ, Cheetham T, O'Rahilly S (2003). Clinical spectrum of obesity and mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene. N. Engl. J. Med. 348 (12): 1085-95.
- ↑ Chai B, Pogozheva I, Lai Y, Li J, Neubig R, Mosberg H, Gantz I (2005). Receptor-antagonist interactions in the complexes of agouti and agouti-related protein with human melanocortin 1 and 4 receptors. Biochemistry 44 (9): 3418-31.
- ↑ Pogozheva I, Chai B, Lomize A, Fong T, Weinberg D, Nargund R, Mulholland M, Gantz I, Mosberg H (2005). Interactions of human melanocortin 4 receptor with nonpeptide and peptide agonists. Biochemistry 44 (34): 11329-41.
External linksEdit
