List of domesticated animals
Talk0
31,735pages on
this wiki
this wiki
This is a list of animals that have been domesticated by humans.[1]
List of domesticated animals
Edit
| Species and subspecies | Wild ancestor | Date | Location of origin | Purpose | Image | Degree and type of domestication |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) | Gray wolf (Canis lupus) | between 30,000 BC and 15,000 BC[2] | Eurasia | Meat, pelt, pets, show, hunting, draft, research, religions, fighting, racing, transportation, working, rescuing, guiding, servicing, herding, guarding, shepherding, pest control | 130px | tame; significant physical and behavioral changes |
| Sheep (Ovis aries) | Mouflon (Ovis orientalis) | between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC[3][4] | Southwest Asia | fibre, meat, milk, leather, pelt, vellum, pets, show, racing, religions, research, guarding, fighting, ornamental | 130px | Some physical changes |
| Domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) | Wild boar (Sus scrofa) | 9000 BC[5] | Near East, China | meat, leather, research, show, racing, fighting, working, pets | 130px | Some physical changes |
| Domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) | Wild goat (Capra aegagrus) | 8000 BC[6] | Iran | milk, meat, fibre, working, skin, hair, show, racing, religions, fighting, cleaning, pets | 130px | Slight physical changes |
| Cattle (Bos primigenius taurus) | Aurochs (Bos primigenius) (extinct) | 8000 BC[7][8] | Europe, Asia and North Africa | meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, pets, religions | 130px | Some physical changes |
| Zebu (Bos primigenius indicus) | Aurochs (Bos primigenius) (extinct) | 8000 BC | India | meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing, religions | 130px | Domesticated |
| Cat (Felis catus) | Wildcat (Felis silvestris) | 7500 BC[9][10][11][12] | Near East | pest control, pets, show, pelt, meat, research | 130px | tame, some physical changes |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) | Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus) | 6000 BC[13] | India and Southeast Asia | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, show, racing, ornamental, fighting, pets | 130px | Some physical changes |
| Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | Montane Guinea Pig (Cavia tschudii) | 5000 BC[14] | Peru | meat, pets, show, racing, research | 130px | Slight physical changes |
| Donkey (Equus africanus asinus) | African wild ass (Equus africanus) | 5000 BC[15][16] | Egypt | transportation, working, plowing, draft, mount, meat, milk, pets, racing, guarding | 130px | Slight physical changes |
| Domesticated duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) | Mallard duck (Anas platyrhnchos) | 4000 BC | China | meat, fat, foie gras, feathers and down, blood, eggs, pets, show, racing, ornamental | 130px | Domesticated |
| Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) | Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) | 4000 BC | India, China | working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, show, racing, milk | 130px | Domesticated |
| Horse (Equus ferus caballus) | Wild horse (Equus ferus) | 4000 BC[17] | Eurasian Steppes | meat, transportation, working, guiding, servicing, hunting, execution, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, weddings, racing, religions, milk, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domesticated Silkmoth (Bombyx mori) | Wild Silkmoth (Bombyx mandarina) | 3000 BC | China | silk, food, pets, meat | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia domestica) | Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) | 3000 BC | Mediterranean Basin | show, weddings, messenger, meat, racing, pets | 130px | Artificially selected into many varieties, including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds, and fancy plumage breeds |
| Domestic goose (Anser anser domesticus) | Greylag Goose (Anser anser) | 3000 BC | Egypt | meat, fat, foie gras, feathers and down, eggs, show, guarding, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Llama (Lama glama) | Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) | 2400 BC[18] | Peru | transportation, working, draft, mount, meat, show, weddings, racing, pets, guarding | 130px | Domesticated |
| Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) | Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) | 2400 BC[18] | Peru | milk, transportation, fibre, meat, show, pets, guarding | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domesticated guineafowl (Numida meleagris) | Helmeted Guineafowl (Numida melegris) | 2400 BC[19] | Africa | meat, eggs, pest control, show, alarming, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) | European polecat (Mustela putorius) | 1500 BC | Europe | hunting, pest control, show, racing, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Ringneck dove (Streptopelia risoria) | African Collared Dove (streptopelia roseogrisea) | 500 BC | North Africa | show, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Bali cattle (Bos javanicus domestica) | Banteng (Bos javanicus) | Unknown | Southeast Asia, Java | meat, milk, show, racing, working, plowing, draft | 130px | Domesticated |
| Gayal (Bos frontalis) | Gaur (Bos gaurus) | Unknown | Southeast Asia | meat | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domesticated turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) | Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) | 180[18] | Mexico, United States | meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) | Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) | 300–400 | China | pets, show, racing, ornamental | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) | European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) | 600[20] | Europe | meat, pelt, fibre, pets, show, racing, research | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domestic Canary (Serinus canaria domestica) | Atlantic Canary (Serinus canaria) | 15th century | Canary Islands, Europe | pets, research, show, mining, fighting | 130px | Domesticated |
| Carabao (Bubalus bubalis carabenesis) | Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) | 17th century | Philippines | working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, milk, show, racing | 130px | Domesticated |
| Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) | Unknown species of the genus Betta | 19th century | Thailand | fighting, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Koi (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) | Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | 1820s | Japan | ornamental, show, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domesticated silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) | Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) | 1950s | Soviet Union, Russia | pelt, research, pets | 130px | tame, some physical changes |
| Domesticated hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) | Four-toed Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) | 1980s | Central and Eastern Africa | pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Society Finch (Lonchura striata domestica) | White-rumped Munia (Lonchura striata) | date uncertain | Japan | pets, research | 130px | Domesticated |
| Yak (Bos grunniens) | Wild Yak (Bos mutus) | 2500 BC | Tibet | milk, transportation, working, plowing, mount, racing, fighting, meat, fibre | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Fancy rat and Lab rat | Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) | 1800s | UK | pets, research, show | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domesticated Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) | Wild Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) | 4000 BC | Arabia | transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, show, weddings, racing, religions, fighting, milk, meat | 130px | Domesticated |
| Domesticated Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) | Wild Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) | 2500 BC | Central Asia | milk, transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, weddings, racing, religions, meat, hair | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Fancy mouse | House mouse (Mus musculus) | 1100 BC | China | pets, research, racing, food | 130px | tame, significant physical changes |
Semidomesticated, routinely captive-bred, or domestication status unclearEdit
Due to the somewhat unclear outlines of what, precisely, constitutes domestication, there are some species that may or may not be fully domesticated. There are also species that are extensively used or kept as pets by humans, but are not significantly altered from wild-type animals. Most animals on this second table are at least somewhat altered from wild animals by their extensive interactions with humans. Many could not be released into the wild, or are in some way dependent on humans.
| Species and subspecies | Wild ancestor | Date | Location of origin | Purpose | Image | Degree and type of domestication |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) | Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) | 4000 BC | Europe, Asia and Africa | honey, wax, pollination | 130px | Domesticated |
| Addax (Addax nasomaculatus) | Addax (Addax nasomaculatus) | 2500 BC | Egypt | meat, horns, leather, skin | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) | Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) | 2000 BC | Indus Valley Civilization | working, plowing, transportation, mount, hunting, show, racing, fighting, execution, ceremonies, weddings | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Scimitar oryx (Oyrx dammah) | Scimitar oryx (Oyrx dammah) | 2320-2150 BC | Egypt | meat, hides, religions, ceremonies, horns | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata) | Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata) | 700–600 BC[18] | South America | meat, fat, feathers, eggs, show, pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) | Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) | 700–500 BC[18] | Chile, Mexico | dye | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) | Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) | 500 BC | India | show, feathers, meat, landscaping, ornamental, pets, garden bird | 130px | Held/tame in capticity |
| Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) | Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) | 1850s | Australia | pets, show, talking bird | 130px | Plumage changes, some breeds are physically larger |
| Italian bee (Apis mellifera ligustica) | Italian bee (Apis mellifera ligustica) | 1880s | Italy | honey, pollination | 130px | easy to domesticate |
| Crimsonspotted Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi) | Crimsonspotted Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi) | 1920s | Eastern Australia | pets, pest control | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Long-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) | Long-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) | 1930s | Andes | pets, fur, research | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Short-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla) | Short-tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla chinchilla) | 1930s | Andes | fur | 130px | Raised in Captivity |
| Water flea (Daphnia magna) | Water flea (Daphnia magna) | 1930s | North America, Eurasia, Africa | research | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) | Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) | 20th century | Australia | pets, show | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Mopani worm (Gonimbrasia belina) | Mopani worm (Gonimbrasia belina) | 1950s | Southern Africa | meat | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Common eland (Taurotragus oryx) | Common eland (Taurotragus oryx) | Unknown | Zimbabwe, South Africa, Kenya | meat, milk, leather, hides, horns | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Diamond Dove (Geopelia cuneata) | Diamond Dove (Geopelia cuneata) | Unknown | Australia | pets | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) | Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) | 1960s | United States | wool, meat, milk | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Corn snake (Pantherophis gutttatus) | Corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) | 1960s | United States | pets | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Grey-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna) | Grey-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna) | date uncertain | Texas, New Mexico, Chihuahua | pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Central Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps) | Central Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps) | 1970s | Australia | pets | 130px | slight physical changes |
| Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) | Sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) | 1980s | Australia | pets | 130px | Domesticated |
| Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) | Indian gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) | date uncertain | India | fighting, pest control, pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) | Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) | date uncertain | South America | meat, pelt, skin, pets | 130px | |
| Indian Palm Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum) | Indian Palm Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum) | date uncertain | India | pets | 130px | easy to tame |
| Lawson's Dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni) | Lawson's Dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni) | 1980s | Australia | pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) | Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) | 1980s | Europe | wax, pollination | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) | Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) | date uncertain | China | meat, ornamental, garden bird | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Sika deer (Cervus nippon) | Sika deer (Cervus nippon) | Unknown | Japan, China | meat, antlers | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata) | Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata) | Unknown | China | meat, fat, ornamental | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) | Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) | Unknown | Egypt | pest control, pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana) | Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana) | Unknown | South and Southeast Asia | honey, pollination | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Japanese Cormorant (Phalacrocorax capillatus) | Japanese Cormorant (Phalacrocorax capillatus) | 960 AD | Japan | fishing | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) | Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) | 960 AD | China | fishing | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) | Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) | 1100–1900 | Japan | meat, eggs, pets | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | 1200–1500 | Europe, Asia | meat | 130px | Held/tame in capivity |
| House cricket (Acheta domestica) | House cricket (Acheta domestica) | 12th century | Southwestern Asia, China, Japan | meat, food, fighting, pets | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| American mink (Neovison vison) | American mink (Neovison vison) | 19th century | North America | fur, pets, ratting | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| European mink (Mustela lutreola) | European mink (Mustela lutreola) | 1800s | Europe | fur | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| King Quail (Coturnix chinensis) | King Quail (Coturnix chinensis) | date uncertain | Asia, Australia | pets | 130px | |
| Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) | Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) | date uncertain | India, Pakistan | meat, pets, fighting | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) | Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) | Unknown | Barbados, Brazil, Guyana | pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Lowland Paca (Cuniculus paca) | Lowland Paca (Cuniculus paca) | Unknown | Mexico, Argentina | meat, pets | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Steppe Lemming (Lagurus lagurus) | Steppe Lemming (Lagurus lagururs) | Unknown | Steppes | pets | 130px | |
| Degu (Octodon degus) | Degu (Octodon degus) | 1990s | Chilean Andes | pets, research | 130px | |
| Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) | Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) | 1990s | Mongolia | pets, research | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) | Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) | 2000s | England, Russia | meat, pets | 130px | |
| European dark bee (Apis mellifera mellifera) | European dark bee (Apis mellifera mellifera) | modern times | Europe | honey, pollination | 130px | Domesticated in captivity |
| Indian honey bee (Apis cerana indica) | Indian honey bee (Apis cerana indica) | Unknown | India | honey, pollination | 130px | Held/tame in captivity |
| Carniolan honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) | Carniolan honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) | date uncertain | Slovenia | honey, pollination | 130px | easy to domesticate |
| Semi-domesticated Reindeer | Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) | 3000 BC | Asian subarctic. | meat, milk, transportation, working, draft, mount, hides, racing, leather, antlers | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) | Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) | Unknown | India | working, ceremonies, weddings, religions, mount, transportation | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| White Cockatoo (Cacatua alba) | White Cockatoo (Cacatua alba) | Tang Dynasty | China | pets, show | 130px | |
| Java Sparrow (Padda oryzivora) | Java Sparrow (Padda oryzivora) | Ming Dynasty | China | pets | 130px | Non-wild coloration pied and fancy colored Javas from long Asian captivity lines are hand tamable |
| Fallow Deer (Dama dama) | Fallow Deer (Dama dama) | 1000 BC | Mediterranean Basin | meat, hides, antlers | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis) | European medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis) | 800 BC | Europe, Asia | bloodletting, surgery | 130px | |
| Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) | Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) | Unknown | Africa, Asia | pets, talking bird | 130px | |
| Roman Snail (Helix pomatia) | Roman Snail (Helix pomatia) | 100 AD | Europe | meat | 130px | |
| Stingless bee (Melipona beecheii) | Stingless bee (Melipona beecheii) | 180 AD | Mexico, Amazon Basin | honey, pollination | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) | Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) | 1000-1500 | Europe | meat, landscaping, feathers, garden bird | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Ostrich (Struthio camelus) | Ostrich (Struthio camelus) | 19th century | Africa | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, fat, oil, mount, racing | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) | Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) | 1870s | Australia | pets, show, talking bird | 130px | |
| Common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) | Common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) | 1910s | Australia, South Africa | research, food | 130px | |
| Yellow-collared Lovebird (Agapornis personatus) | Yellow-collared Lovebird (Agapornis personatus) | 1920s | Tanzania | pets | 130px | |
| Fischer's Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri) | Fischer's Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri) | 1920s | East-Central Africa | pets | 130px | |
| Turquoise Parrot (Neophema pulchella) | Turquoise Parrot (Neophema pulchella) | 20th century | Australia | pets, show | 130px | |
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) | African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) | 1950s | South Africa | pets, research | 130px | |
| Sea-Monkey (Artemia salina x nyos) | Brine shrimp (Artemia salina) | 1950s | Lake Urmia, Iran | pets | 130px | |
| American bison (Bison bison) | American bison (Bison bison) | 20th century | North America | meat, leather, hides | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Ball python (Python regius) | Ball python (Python regius) | 1960s | Africa | pets | 130px | Captive bred |
| Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus) | Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus) | 1980s | Australia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands | pets | 130px | |
| Salmon-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis) | Salmon-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis) | 1980s | Maluku Islands | pets, show, talking bird | 130px | |
| Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) | Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) | 1990s | South America | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, fat, oil | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) | Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) | 1990s | Australia | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, fat, oil | 130px | Semidomesticated |
| Pale Gerbil (Gerbillus perpallidus) | Pale Gerbil (Gerbillus perpallidus) | Unknown | Egypt | pets | 130px | |
| Persian jird (Meriones persicus) | Persian jird (Meriones persicus) | Unknown | Iran | pets | 130px | |
| Fat-tailed Gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi) | Fat-tailed Gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi) | Unknown | Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria | pets | 130px | |
| Green Iguana (Iguana iguana) | Green Iguana (Iguana iguana) | 1990s | South America | pets, meat, leather | 130px | Captive bred |
| Black Spiny-tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura similis) | Black Spiny-tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura similis) | date uncertain | Central America | pets, meat | 130px | Captive bred |
| Leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) | Leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) | 20th century | Pakistan | pets | 130px | slight physical modification |
| Green Tree Python (Morelia viridis) | Green Tree Python (Morelia viridis) | mid 1990s | New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia | pets | 130px | Captive bred |
| Western Rosella (Platycercus icterotis) | Western Rosella (Platycercus icterotis) | Unknown | Southwest Australia | pets | 130px | |
| Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii) | Red-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii) | late 1990s | Australia | pets | 130px | |
| Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae) | Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae) | late 1990s | Australia | pets, show | 130px | |
| Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus) | Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus) | date uncertain | India, Sri Lanka | pets | 130px | easy to domesticate |
| Star Finch (Neochmia ruficauda) | Star Finch (Neochmia ruficauda) | date uncertain | Australia | pets, show | 130px | |
| Eurasian Siskin (Carduelis spinus) | Eurasian Siskin (Carduelis spinus) | date uncertain | Europe, Asia | pets, singing | 130px | |
| Crested Gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus) | Crested Gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus) | Unknown | New Caledonia | pets | 130px | Captive bred |
| Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus) | Common kusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus) | Unknown | West Africa | pets | 130px | Captive bred |
| Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii) | Kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii) | Unknown | Thailand, Indonesia | meat, pets | 130px | Domesticated |
References Edit
- ↑ Animal Domestication - Table of Dates and Places of Animal Domestication
- ↑ [http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2008/10/dog-domestication-in-aurignacian biothes name="Worldfirst">[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27240370/ MSNBC : World's first dog lived 31,700 years ago, ate big]
- ↑ Krebs, Robert E. & Carolyn A. (2003). Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions & Discoveries of the Ancient World, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
- ↑ Simmons, Paula; Carol Ekarius (2001). Storey's Guide to Raising Sheep, North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing LLC.
- ↑ Giuffra E, Kijas JM, Amarger V, Carlborg O, Jeon JT, Andersson L (April 2000). The origin of the domestic pig: independent domestication and subsequent introgression. Genetics 154 (4): 1785–91.
- ↑ Melinda A. Zeder, [http://web.utk.edu/~persian/goat.htm Goat busters track domestication] (Physiologic changes and evolution of goats into a domesticated animal), April 2000.
- ↑ [http://www.comp-archaeology.org/WendorfSAA98.html Late Neolithic megalithic structures at Nabta Playa (Sahara), southwestern Egypt.]
- ↑ Source : Laboratoire de Préhistoire et Protohistoire de l'Ouest de la France [1], (French) .
- ↑ [2], domestication of the cat on Cyprus, National Geographic.
- ↑ [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0408_040408_oldestpetcat.html Oldest Known Pet Cat? 95DOGGIES00-Year-Old Burial Found on Cyprus]. National Geographic News. URL accessed on 2007-03-06.
- ↑ includeonly>Muir, Hazel. "Ancient remains could be oldest pet cat", New Scientist, 2004-04-08. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ↑ includeonly>Walton, Marsha. "Ancient burial looks like human and pet cat", CNN, April 9, 2004. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ↑ West B., Zhou B-X. (1989). [http://www.adelaide.edu.au/ANZCCART/publications/dom_chicken.pdf Did chickens go north? New evidence for domestication]. World’s Poultry Science Journal 45 (3): 205–18.
- ↑ [http://cavyhistory.tripod.com/ History of the Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) in South America, a summary of the current state of knowledge]
- ↑ Beja-Pereira, Albano, et al. (18 June 2004). African Origins of the Domestic Donkey. Science 304 (1781).
- ↑ Roger Blench, [http://www.animaltraction.net/donkeys/donkeys-blench-history.pdf The history and spread of donkeys in Africa]PDF (235 KB)
- ↑ The Domestication of the Horse; see also Domestication of the horse
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 D.L Johnson and B.K. Swartz, Jr. [http://soar.wichita.edu/dspace/bitstream/10057/1824/1/LAJ+2B21_p42-54.pdf Evidence for Pre-Columbian Animal Domestication in the New World]
- ↑ Guinea Fowl
- ↑ Interesting Rabbit Domestication History
| This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors). |
_male.JPG){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.JPG){kind=link}
_04_ies.jpg){kind=link}
_2560x1600.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
