Changes: Kainic acid

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Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)

Template:Chembox OtherNamesTemplate:Chembox Appearance

Identifiers
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2"	Kainic acid^[1]
File:Kainic acid.png
IUPAC name (2S,3S,4S)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-prop-1-en-2-ylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
CAS number	487-79-6
PubChem	10255
SMILES	CC(=C)[C@H]1CN[C@@H]([C@H]1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
Properties
Molecular formula	C₁₀H₁₅NO₄
Molar mass	213.23 g/mol
Melting point	215 °C (decomp.)
Hazards
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2"	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Kainic acid is a natural marine acid present in some algae. It is a specific agonist for the kainate receptor used as an ionotrophic glutamate receptor which mimicks the effect of glutamate. It is used in experiments to distinguish a receptor from the other ionotropic receptors for glutamate such as NMDA and AMPA, a.k.a. quisqualate.

Occurrence

In 1953, kainic acid was originally isolated from the red alga called "Kainin-sou"(海人草) or "Makuri" (Digenea simplex) in Japan. "Kainin-sou" is used as an anthelmintic in Japan.

Kainic acid is a potent central nervous system stimulant, and has been developed as the prototype neuroexcitatory amino acid for the induction of seizures in experimental animals, at a typical dose of 10-30 mg/kg in mice. Kainic acid is neuroexcitotoxic and epileptogenic, acting through specific kainate receptors. Because of the supply shortage in 2000, the price of kainic acid has risen significantly.

Applications

antiworming agent
neuroscience research
- neurodegenerative agent
- modeling of epilepsy and the neurological damage

caused by it to dendrites, synapses, and long-term memory in mice

- modeling of Alzheimer's disease

References

↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5157

External links

Kainate Receptors

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[1] Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5157

[1]

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-'''Kainic acid''' is a natural marine acid present in some [[algae]]. It is a specific [[agonist]] for the [[kainate receptor]] used as an ionotrophic glutamate receptor which mimicks the effect of [[glutamate]]. It is used in experiments to distinguish a receptor from the other [[ionotropic receptor]]s for glutamate such as [[NMDA]] and [[AMPA|AMPA, a.k.a. quisqualate]].
+'''Kainic acid''' is a natural marine acid present in some algae. It is a specific [[agonist]] for the [[kainate receptor]] used as an ionotrophic glutamate receptor which mimicks the effect of [[glutamate]]. It is used in experiments to distinguish a receptor from the other [[ionotropic receptor]]s for glutamate such as [[NMDA]] and [[AMPA|AMPA, a.k.a. quisqualate]].
 ==Occurrence==
-In [[1953]], kainic acid was originally isolated from the [[red alga]] called "Kainin-sou"(海人草) or "Makuri" (''[[Digenea simplex]]'') in [[Japan]]. "Kainin-sou" is used as an [[anthelmintic]] in [[Japan]].
+In [[1953]], kainic acid was originally isolated from the red alga called "Kainin-sou"(海人草) or "Makuri" (''Digenea simplex'') in Japan. "Kainin-sou" is used as an [[anthelmintic]] in Japan.
 Kainic acid is a potent [[central nervous system]] stimulant, and has been developed as the prototype neuroexcitatory amino acid for the induction of seizures in experimental animals, at a typical dose of 10-30 mg/kg in mice. Kainic acid is neuroexcitotoxic and epileptogenic, acting through specific [[kainate receptor]]s. Because of the supply shortage in 2000, the price of kainic acid has risen significantly.
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 ==See also==
 * [[Domoic acid]]
+* [[Glutamic acid]]
+* [[Neurotoxins]]
 ==References==