Psychology Wiki
Register
Advertisement

Assessment | Biopsychology | Comparative | Cognitive | Developmental | Language | Individual differences | Personality | Philosophy | Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |

Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)


Variation in the physical appearance of humans is believed by anthropologists to be an important factor in the development of personality and social relations in particular physical attractiveness. There is a relatively low sexual dimorphism between human males and females in comparison with other mammals. However humans are acutely sensitive to variations in physical appearance for reasons of evolution. Some differences in human appearance are genetic, others are the result of age or disease, and many are the result of personal adornment.

Some people have traditionally linked some differences in personal appearance such as skeletal shape with race, such as prognathism or elongated stride (but this is a controversial and sensitive matter). Different cultures place different degrees of emphasis on physical appearance and its importance to social status and other phenomena.


Physiological differences in human physical appearance from individual to individual[]

Long-term physiological changes in an individual[]

Short-term physiological changes in an individual[]

Clothing and personal effects[]

  • clothing, including headgear and footwear; some clothes alter or mold the shape of the body (e.g. corset, bra)
  • style and colour of haircut
  • cosmetics, body paintings
  • body modifications, such as body piercings and tattoos
  • decorative objects (jewelry)
  • medical or body shape altering devices (e.g. tooth braces, bandages, hearing aids, calipers, cervical collar, glasses, gold teeth)

Physical appearance in childhood and adolecence[]

Physical appearance and physical health conditions[]

See also[]

References[]

Books[]

  • Abbott, P., & Sapsford, F. (2001). Young women and their wardrobes. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Alley, T. R. (Ed.)  (1988).  Social and Applied Aspects of Perceiving Faces.  Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.  
  • Backett-Milburn, K., & McKie, L. (2001). Constructing gendered bodies. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Barthel, D. (1988). Putting on appearances: Gender and advertising. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
  • Bell, M. P., & McLaughlin, M. E. (2006). Outcomes of Appearance and Obesity in Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Black, P. (2001). Walking on the beaches looking at the...bodies. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bradshaw, C. K. (1992). Beauty and the beast: On racial ambiguity. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Buchanan, N. T., & Acevedo, C. A. (2004). When face and soul collide: Therapeutic concerns with racially ambiguous and nonvisible minority women. New York, NY: Haworth Press.
  • Cash, T. F. (1990). The psychology of physical appearance: Aesthetics, attributes, and images. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Cash, T. F. (1997). The body image workbook: An 8-step program for learning to like your looks. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
  • Castelfranchi, C., & Poggi, I. (1990). Blushing as a discourse: Was Darwin wrong? New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chowdhary, U. (2006). Self appearance and clothing. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Cunningham, M. R., Druen, P. B., & Barbee, A. P. (1997). Angels, mentors, and friends: Trade-offs among evolutionary, social, and individual variables in physical appearance. Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Ellis, H., & Macrae, N. (2001). Validation in psychology: Research perspectives. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
  • Engeln-Maddox, R. (2007). An alternate universe: Women, body image, and the paradox of thinness on Survivor. Dallas, TX: BenBella Books.
  • Erkut, S., Marx, F., Fields, J. P., & Sing, R. (1999). Raising confident and competent girls: One size does not fit all. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Co.
  • Featherstone, M. (1991). The body in consumer culture. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Frank, A. W. (1991). For a sociology of the body: An analytical review. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Gunthrope, W. W. (1998). Skin color recognition, preference and identification in interracial children: A comparative study. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
  • Hagerman, R. J. (2000). What is fragile X syndrome? Bethesda, MD: Woodbine House.

Papers[]

  • a Campo, J., Frederikx, M., Nijman, H., & Merckelbach, H. (1998). Schizophrenia and changes in physical appearance: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Vol 59(4) Apr 1998, 197.
  • a Campo, J., Nijman, H., & Merckelbach, H. (2001). Changes in appearance and psychosis: Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes Vol 64(2) Sum 2001, 165-167.
  • Abbasi, A. (2005). Review of Disappearing Persons: Shame and Appearance: Psychoanalytic Quarterly Vol 74(3) Jul 2005, 905-909.
  • Abraham-Murali, L., Kane, W., & Staples, C. (2001). Perceptual criteria and attributes used for evaluation of clothing by women using wheelchairs: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 93(3) Dec 2001, 727-733.
  • Adomaitis, A. D., & Johnson, K. K. P. (2005). Casual Versus Formal Uniforms: Flight Attendants' Self-perceptions and Perceived Appraisals by Others: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 23(2) 2005, 88-101.
  • Agliata, A. K., Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Renk, K. (2007). Interpretation of teasing during early adolescence: Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol 63(1) Jan 2007, 23-30.
  • Agliata, D., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (2004). The impact of media exposure on males' body image: Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology Vol 23(1) Feb 2004, 7-22.
  • Agnew, R. (1984). Appearance and delinquency: Criminology: An Interdisciplinary Journal Vol 22(3) Aug 1984, 421-440.
  • AhnAllen, J. M., Suyemoto, K. L., & Carter, A. S. (2006). Relationship Between Physical Appearance, Sense of Belonging and Exclusion, and Racial/Ethnic Self-Identification Among Multiracial Japanese European Americans: Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology Vol 12(4) Oct 2006, 673-686.
  • Alarcon, O., Szalacha, L. A., Erkut, S., Fields, J. P., & Coll, C. G. (2000). The Color of My Skin: A measure to assess children's perceptions of their skin color: Applied Developmental Science Vol 4(4) 2000, 208-221.
  • Alarcon, O., Szalacha, L. A., Erkut, S., Fields, J. P., & Garcia Coll, C. (2001). "The color of my skin: A measure to assess children's perceptions of their skin color": Reply: Applied Developmental Science Vol 5(1) 2001, 63.
  • Albright, L., Kenny, D. A., & Malloy, T. E. (1988). Consensus in personality judgments at zero acquaintance: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 55(3) Sep 1988, 387-395.
  • Alfermann, D., Stiller, J., & Wurth, S. (2003). Physical self-concept of adolescent athletes and its relation to sport performance development and gender: Zeitschrift fur Entwicklungspsychologie und Padagogische Psychologie Vol 35(3) 2003, 135-143.
  • Alicke, M. D., Smith, R. H., & Klotz, M. L. (1986). Judgments of physical attractiveness: The role of faces and bodies: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 12(4) Dec 1986, 381-389.
  • Alley,T. R.  (1981).  Head shape and the perception of cuteness.  Developmental Psychology,17(5), 650-654. 
  • Alley,T. R.  (1983). Age-related changes in body proportions, bodysize, and perceived cuteness.  Perceptual and Motor Skills, 56, 615-622. 
  • Alley, T. R. (1983). Infantile head shape as an elicitor of adult protection: Merrill-Palmer Quarterly Vol 29(4) Oct 1983, 411-427.
  • Alley,T. R., & Cunningham, M. R. (1991).  Averaged faces areattractive, but very attractive faces are not average.  Psychological Science, 2(2), 123-125. 
  • Alpers, G. W., & Gerdes, A. B. M. (2006). Another Look at "Look-Alikes": Can Judges Match Belongings with Their Owners? : Journal of Individual Differences Vol 27(1) 2006, 38-41.
  • Altabe, M., & Thompson, J. K. (1996). Body image: A cognitive self-schema construct: Cognitive Therapy and Research Vol 20(2) Apr 1996, 171-193.
  • Altabe, M., Wood, K., Herbozo, S., & Thompson, J. K. (2004). The Physical Appearance Ambiguous Feedback Scale (PAAFS): A measure for indexing body image related cognitive bias: Body Image Vol 1(3) Sep 2004, 299-304.
  • Andersen, A. E. (2006). Stories I Tell My Patients: Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention Vol 14(5) Oct-Dec 2006, 433-435.
  • Andre, J. (1994). Respect for bodies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Andreoletti, C., Zebrowitz, L. A., & Lachman, M. E. (2001). Physical appearance and control beliefs in young, middle-aged, and older adults: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 27(8) Aug 2001, 969-981.
  • Antonio, M. E. (2006). Arbitrariness and the Death Penalty: How the Defendant's Appearance During Trial Influences Capital Jurors' Punishment Decision: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 24(2) 2006, 215-234.
  • Appleton, P. L., Ellis, N. C., Minchom, P. E., Lawson, V., Boll, V., & Jones, P. (1997). Depressive symptoms and self-concept in young people with spina bifida: Journal of Pediatric Psychology Vol 22(5) Oct 1997, 707-722.
  • Arce, C. H., Murguia, E., & Frisbie, W. P. (1987). Phenotype and life chances among Chicanos: Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences Vol 9(1) Mar 1987, 19-32.
  • Arseneault, L., Tremblay, R. E., Boulerice, B., Seguin, J. R., & Saucier, J.-F. (2000). Minor physical anomalies and family adversity as risk factors for violent delinquency in adolescence: American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 157(6) Jun 2000, 917-923.
  • Asci, F. H. (2004). Physical Self-perception of Elite Athletes and Nonathletes: A Turkish Sample: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 99(3,Part1) Dec 2004, 1047-1052.
  • Ashikari, M. (2005). Cultivating Japanese Whiteness: The 'Whitening' Cosmetics Boom and the Japanese Identity: Journal of Material Culture Vol 10(1) Mar 2005, 73-91.
  • Ashworth, P., Davis, L. G., & Spriggs, L. S. (1996). Personal change resulting from porcelain veneer treatment to improve the appearance of the teeth: Psychology, Health & Medicine Vol 1(1) Feb 1996, 57-69.
  • Asplund, K., & Norberg, A. (1993). Caregivers' reactions to the physical appearance of a person in the final stage of dementia as measured by semantic differentials: International Journal of Aging & Human Development Vol 37(3) 1993, 205-215.
  • Atkinson, D. R., Brown, M. T., Parham, T. A., Matthews, L. G., Landrum-Brown, J., & Kim, A. U. (1996). African American client skin tone and clinical judgments of African American and European American psychologists: Professional Psychology: Research and Practice Vol 27(5) Oct 1996, 500-505.
  • Atkinson, M., & Young, K. (2001). Flesh journeys: Neo Primitives and the contemporary rediscovery of radical body modification: Deviant Behavior Vol 22(2) Mar-Apr 2001, 117-146.
  • Aube, J., Norcliffe, H., & Koestner, R. (1995). Physical characteristics and the multifactorial approach to the study of gender characteristics: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 23(1) 1995, 69-82.
  • Aune, R. K., & Aune, K. S. (1994). The influence of culture, gender, and relational status on appearance management: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol 25(2) Jun 1994, 258-272.
  • Bagnara, S., Huon, G., & Donazzolo, S. (2004). Factorial Structure of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire among Italian and Australian Girls: European Eating Disorders Review Vol 12(5) Sep-Oct 2004, 321-326.
  • Ballard, K., Elston, M. A., & Gabe, J. (2005). Beyond the mask: Women's experiences of public and private ageing during midlife and their use of age-resisting activities: Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine Vol 9(2) Apr 2005, 169-187.
  • Barak, A., Patkin, J., & Dell, D. M. (1982). Effects of certain counselor behaviors on perceived expertness and attractiveness: Journal of Counseling Psychology Vol 29(3) May 1982, 261-267.
  • Barber, N. (1995). The evolutionary psychology of physical attractiveness: Sexual selection and human morphology: Ethology & Sociobiology Vol 16(5) Sep 1995, 395-424.
  • Barron, M., & Bradford, S. (2007). Corporeal controls: Violence, bodies, and young gay men's identities: Youth & Society Vol 39(2) Dec 2007, 232-261.
  • Bartolini, T., Kresge, J., McLennan, M., Windham, B., & et al. (1988). Perceptions of personal characteristics of men and women under three conditions of eyewear: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 67(3) Dec 1988, 779-782.
  • Barton, S. B., Walker, L. L. M., Lambert, G., Gately, P. J., & Hill, A. J. (2004). Cognitive Change in Obese Adolescents Losing Weight: Obesity Research Vol 12(2) Feb 2004, 313-319.
  • Basolo, A. L., & Delaney, K. J. (2001). Male biases for male characteristics in females in Priapella olmecae and Xiphophorus helleri (Family Poeciliidae): Ethology Vol 107(5) May 2001, 431-438.
  • Beal, C. R., & Lockhart, M. E. (1989). The effect of proper name and appearance changes on children's reasoning about gender constancy: International Journal of Behavioral Development Vol 12(2) Jun 1989, 195-205.
  • Beasley, T. M., & Kittel, B. S. (1997). Factors that influence health risk behaviors among tanning salon patrons: Evaluation & the Health Professions Vol 20(4) Dec 1997, 371-388.
  • Befort, C. A., & Rickard, K. M. (2003). Gender Similarities in Response to Figure-Size Feedback in a Selected Nonclinical Population: Sex Roles Vol 49(1-2) Jul 2003, 71-80.
  • Bekker, M. H. J., Croon, M. A., & Vermaas, S. (2002). Inner body and outward appearance--the relationship between orientation toward outward appearance, body awareness and symptom perception: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 33(2) Jul 2002, 213-225.
  • Benjamin, S., Nind, M., Hall, K., Collins, J., & Sheehy, K. (2003). Moments of Inclusion and Exclusion: Pupils negotiating classroom contexts: British Journal of Sociology of Education Vol 24(5) Nov 2003, 547-558.
  • Bennett, P., Williams, D., Chestnutt, I., Hood, K., & Lowe, R. (2007). A reaction-time study of social, health, and personal attributions in relation to fluorosed teeth: International Journal of Testing Vol 7(4) 2007, 75-86.
  • Beren, S. E., Hayden, H. A., Wilfley, D. E., & Striegel-Moore, R. H. (1997). Body dissatisfaction among lesbian college students: The confllict of straddling mainstream and lesbian cultures: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 21(3) Sep 1997, 431-445.
  • Bergman, D. A., & Beck, A. L. (1986). The impact of clinical appearance on pediatric residents' assessment of the febrile infant: Evaluation & the Health Professions Vol 9(4) Dec 1986, 449-458.
  • Berry, D. S. (1990). Taking people at face value: Evidence for the kernel of truth hypothesis: Social Cognition Vol 8(4) Win 1990, 343-361.
  • Berry, T. R., & Howe, B. L. (2004). Effects of health-based and appearance-based exercise advertising on exercise attitudes, social physique anxiety and self-presentation in an exercise setting: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 32(1) 2004, 1-12.
  • Berthelot, J. M. (1991). Sociological discourse and the body. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Bhatt, D. J. (1993). Job satisfaction of college teachers: Indian Journal of Behaviour Vol 17(4) Aug 1993, 5-13.
  • Biddle, S. J., Page, A., Ashford, B., Jennings, D., & et al. (1993). Assessment of children's physical self-perceptions: International Journal of Adolescence and Youth Vol 4(2) 1993, 93-109.
  • Billingham, R., & Abrahams, T. (1998). Parental divorce, body dissatisfaction and physical attractiveness ratings of self and others among college women: College Student Journal Vol 32(1) Mar 1998, 148-152.
  • Birenbaum-Carmeli, D., & Carmeli, Y. S. (2002). Physiognomy, familism and consumerism: Preferences among Jewish-Israeli recipients of donor insemination: Social Science & Medicine Vol 54(3) Feb 2002, 363-376.
  • Birmingham, L., Mason, D., & Grubin, D. (1999). The psychiatric implications of visible tattoos in an adult male prison population: Journal of Forensic Psychiatry Vol 10(3) Dec 1999, 687-695.
  • Blair, I. V., Judd, C. M., Sadler, M. S., & Jenkins, C. (2002). The role of Afrocentric features in person perception: Judging by features and categories: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 83(1) Jul 2002, 5-25.
  • Blinkhorn, S. (1997). Symmetry as destiny--Taking a balanced view of IQ: Nature Vol 387(6636) Jun 1997, 849-850.
  • Bloch, P. H., & Richins, M. L. (1992). You look "mahvelous": The pursuit of beauty and the marketing concept: Psychology & Marketing Vol 9(1) Jan 1992, 3-15.
  • Bloch, P. H., & Richins, M. L. (1993). Attractiveness, adornments, and exchange: Psychology & Marketing Vol 10(6) Nov-Dec 1993, 467-470.
  • Block, B. P. (1991). Just convictions or just convictions? : Issues in Criminological & Legal Psychology Vol 1(17) 1991, 20-24.
  • Blouin, D., & et al. (1982). Recruiter and student evaluation of career appearance: Adolescence Vol 17(68) Win 1982, 821-830.
  • Boldrick, L. N. (1983). Psychological centrality of physical attributes: A reexamination of the relationship between subjective importance and self-esteem: Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied Vol 115 Sep 1983, 97-102.
  • Bond, C. F., Berry, D. S., & Omar, A. (1994). The kernel of truth in judgments of deceptiveness: Basic and Applied Social Psychology Vol 15(4) Dec 1994, 523-534.
  • Bond, M. J., & McDowell, A. J. (2001). An adolescent conception of body image and weight loss behaviours: Journal of Applied Health Behaviour Vol 3(2) 2001, 8-15.
  • Bonierbale-Branchereau, M., & Valero, J.-P. (1986). Makeup and tattooing: From identity to seduction: Psychologie Medicale Vol 18(3) Mar 1986, 377-379.
  • Borkan, G. A., Bachman, S. S., & Norris, A. H. (1982). Comparison of visually estimated age with physiologically predicted age as indicators of rates of aging: Social Science & Medicine Vol 16(2) 1982, 197-204.
  • Borsel, J. V., DeCuypere, G., & Van den Berghe, H. (2001). Physical appearance and voice in male-to-female transsexuals: Journal of Voice Vol 15(4) Dec 2001, 570-575.
  • Borzekowski, D. L. G., Robinson, T. N., & Killen, J. D. (2000). Does the camera add 10 pounds? Media use, preceived importance of appearance, and weight concerns among teenage girls: Journal of Adolescent Health Vol 26(1) Jan 2000, 36-41.
  • Boudaoud, A., & Herren, H. (1991). Relation between physical appearance and the choice of values attached to the self, in the present and in the future, during adolescence: Enfance Vol 45(3) 1991, 241-253.
  • Brady, J. (2001). Is a hard woman good to find? Reconsidering the Modern Amazon project: Studies in Gender and Sexuality Vol 2(3) Jul 2001, 215-241.
  • Brase, G. L., & Richmond, J. (2004). The White-Coat Effect: Physician Attire and Perceived Authority, Friendliness, and Attractiveness: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 34(12) Dec 2004, 2469-2481.
  • Brase, G. L., & Walker, G. (2004). Male sexual strategies modify ratings of female models with specific waist-to-hip ratios: Human Nature Vol 15(2) 2004, 209-224.
  • Brdar, I., Tkalcic, M., & Bezinovic, P. (1996). Women's cosmetics use and self-concept: Studia Psychologica Vol 38(1-2) 1996, 45-54.
  • Brewer, M. B., & Lui, L. N. (1989). The primacy of age and sex in the structure of person categories: Social Cognition Vol 7(3) Fal 1989, 262-274.
  • Brewis, J., Hampton, M. P., & Linstead, S. (1997). Unpacking Priscilla: Subjectivity and identity in the organization of gendered appearance: Human Relations Vol 50(10) Oct 1997, 1275-1304.
  • Brigham, J. C. (1990). Target person distinctiveness and attractiveness as moderator variables in the confidence-accuracy relationship in eyewitness identifications: Basic and Applied Social Psychology Vol 11(1) Mar 1990, 101-115.
  • Brill, T., & Stier, S. (1999). Hand parameter differences between psychiatric patients and normal controls: A preliminary evaluation: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences Vol 36(2) 1999, 105-114.
  • Broadstock, M., Borland, R., & Gason, R. (1992). Effects of suntan on judgements of healthiness and attractiveness by adolescents: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 22(2) Jan 1992, 157-172.
  • Brooks, L. R., LeBlanc, V. R., & Norman, G. R. (2000). On the difficulty of noticing obvious features in patient appearance: Psychological Science Vol 11(2) Mar 2000, 112-117.
  • Brown, R. R. (1930). A study of the mental and physical traits of the relatives of epileptics: Journal of Applied Psychology Vol 14(6) Dec 1930, 620-636.
  • Bruce, V., & Langton, S. (1994). The use of pigmentation and shading information in recognising the sex and identities of faces: Perception Vol 23(7) 1994, 803-822.
  • Brunsma, D. L., & Rockquemore, K. A. (2001). The new color complex: Appearances and biracial identity: Identity Vol 1(3) 2001, 225-246.
  • Budesheim, T. L., & DePaola, S. J. (1994). Beauty or the beast? The effects of appearance, personality, and issue information on evaluations of political candidates: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 20(4) Aug 1994, 339-348.
  • Buhlmann, U., Cook, L. M., Fama, J. M., & Wilhelm, S. (2007). Perceived teasing experiences in body dysmorphic disorder: Body Image Vol 4(4) Dec 2007, 381-385.
  • Buhrich, N. (1983). Significance of tattooes in narcotic abusers: Drug and Alcohol Dependence Vol 11(3-4) Jun 1983, 389-394.
  • Buhrich, N., & Morris, G. (1982). Significance of tattoos in male psychiatric patients: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol 16(3) Sep 1982, 185-189.
  • Bull, R. (1982). Physical appearance and criminality: Current Psychological Reviews Vol 2(3) Sep-Dec 1982, 269-282.
  • Bull, R., & Gibson-Robinson, E. (1981). The influences of eye-gaze, style of dress, and locality on the amounts of money donated to a charity: Human Relations Vol 34(10) Oct 1981, 895-905.
  • Burgueno Montanes, J. E., Gutierrez Sevilla, J. A., & Alvarez Bermejo, M. s. T. (2002). Hygiene and personal appearance programme for the chronically mentally ill following psychosocial rehabilitation programmes: A preliminary study: Revista Psiquis Vol 23(2) 2002, 33-41.
  • Burgueno Montanes, J. E., Gutierrez Sevilla, J. A., & Alvarez Bermejo, M. T. (2002). Hygiene and personal appearance programme for the chronically mentally ill following psychosocial rehabilitation programmes: A preliminary study: Revista Psiquis Vol 23(2) 2002, 33-41.
  • Butler, J., Pryor, B., & Grieder, M. (1998). Impression formation as a function of male baldness: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 86(1) Feb 1998, 347-350.
  • Cafri, G., Thompson, J. K., Roehrig, M., van den Berg, P., Jacobsen, P. B., & Stark, S. (2006). An investigation of appearance motives for tanning: The development and evaluation of the Physical Appearance Reasons For Tanning Scale (PARTS) and its relation to sunbathing and indoor tanning intentions: Body Image Vol 3(3) Sep 2006, 199-209.
  • CahiIi, S. E. (1989). Fashioning males and females: Appearance management and the social reproduction of gender: Symbolic Interaction Vol 12(2) Nov 1989, 281-298.
  • Calegari, P. (1991). Importance attributed to physical traits in the representation of a very intelligent person: Archivio di Psicologia, Neurologia e Psichiatria Vol 52(1) Jan-Mar 1991, 88-96.
  • Calogero, R. M. (2004). A Test Of Objectification Theory: The Effect Of The Male Gaze On Appearance Concerns In College Women: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 28(1) Mar 2004, 16-21.
  • Campbell, H. E., Gerdes, K., & Steiner, S. (2005). What's looks got to do with it? Instructor appearance and student evaluations of teaching: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management Vol 24(3) Sum 2005, 611-620.
  • Campbell, M. E. (2005). Measuring men's response to an imagined negative body image: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 101(1) Aug 2005, 174-176.
  • Campo, J. a., Hardy, S., Merckelbach, H., Nijman, H., & Zwets, A. (2007). The urge to change appearance in different psychopathological categories: Acta Neuropsychiatrica Vol 19(2) Apr 2007, 104-108.
  • Canales, M. (1997). Narrative interaction: Creating a space for therapeutic communication: Issues in Mental Health Nursing Vol 18(5) Sep-Oct 1997, 477-494.
  • Cantor, S., Pearce, J., Pezzot-Pearce, T., & Evans, J. (1981). The group of hypotonic schizophrenics: Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol 7(1) 1981, 1-11.
  • Carr, T., Harris, D., & James, C. (2000). The Derriford Appearance Scale (DAS-59): A new scale to measure individual responses to living with problems of appearance: British Journal of Health Psychology Vol 5(Part2) May 2000, 201-215.
  • Carr, T., Moss, T., & Harris, D. (2005). The DAS24: A short form of the Derriford Appearance Scale DAS59 to measure individual responses to living with problems of appearance: British Journal of Health Psychology Vol 10(2) May 2005, 285-298.
  • Carrol, L., & Gilroy, P. J. (2002). Role of appearance and nonverbal behaviors in the perception of sexual orientation among lesbians and gay men: Psychological Reports Vol 91(1) Aug 2002, 115-122.
  • Carroll, S. B. (2003). Genetics and the making of Homo sapiens: Nature Vol 422(6934) Apr 2003, 849-857.
  • Carver, C. S., Pozo-Kaderman, C., Price, A. A., Noriega, V., Harris, S. D., Derhagopian, R. P., et al. (1998). Concern about aspects of body image and adjustment to early stage breast cancer: Psychosomatic Medicine Vol 60(2) Mar-Apr 1998, 168-174.
  • Cash, T. F. (1988). The psychology of cosmetics: A research bibliography: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 66(2) Apr 1988, 455-460.
  • Cash, T. F. (1990). Losing hair, losing points? The effects of male pattern baldness on social impression formation: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 20(2, Pt 1) Feb 1990, 154-167.
  • Cash, T. F. (1992). A Fresh Scientific Look at Looks: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 37 (12), Dec, 1992.
  • Cash, T. F., Dawson, K., Davis, P., Bowen, M., & et al. (1989). Effects of cosmetics use on the physical attractiveness and body image of American college women: Journal of Social Psychology Vol 129(3) Jun 1989, 349-355.
  • Cash, T. F., & Jacobi, L. (1992). Looks aren't everything (to everybody): The strength of ideals of physical appearance: Journal of Social Behavior & Personality Vol 7(4) Dec 1992, 621-630.
  • Cash, T. F., Melnyk, S. E., & Hrabosky, J. I. (2004). The Assessment of Body Image Investment: An Extensive Revision of the Appearance Schemas Inventory: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 35(3) Apr 2004, 305-316.
  • Cash, T. F., & Szymanski, M. L. (1995). The development and validation of the body-image ideals questionnaire: Journal of Personality Assessment Vol 64(3) Jun 1995, 466-477.
  • Castle, D. J., Molton, M., Hoffman, K., Preston, N. J., & Phillips, K. A. (2004). Correlates of dysmorphic concern in people seeking cosmetic enhancement: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol 38(6) Dec 2004, 439-444.
  • Cecchetti, R. F. (2004). The marked body: Marks of separation: Cadernos de Psicanalise - SPCRJ Vol 20(23) 2004, 257-274.
  • Chambers, V. J., Christiansen, J. R., & Kunz, P. R. (1983). Physiognomic homogamy: A test of physical similarity as a factor in the mate selection process: Social Biology Vol 30(2) Sum 1983, 151-157.
  • Chamove, A. S. (1997). Dogs judge books by their covers: Anthrozoos Vol 10(1) 1997, 50-52.
  • Chan, A. W. Y., Peelen, M. V., & Downing, P. E. (2004). The effect of viewpoint on body representation in the extrastriate body area: Neuroreport: For Rapid Communication of Neuroscience Research Vol 15(15) Oct 2004, 2407-2410.
  • Charman, S. D., & Wells, G. L. (2007). Eyewitness lineups: Is the appearance-changes instruction a good idea? : Law and Human Behavior Vol 31(1) Feb 2007, 3-22.
  • Charmaz, K. (1995). The body, identity, and self: Adapting to impairment: Sociological Quarterly Vol 36(4) Fal 1995, 657-680.
  • Cherulnik, P. D. (1995). Physical appearance, social skill, and performance as a leadership candidate: Basic and Applied Social Psychology Vol 16(3) Apr 1995, 287-295.
  • Cherulnik, P. D., Turns, L. C., & Wilderman, S. K. (1990). Physical appearance and leadership: Exploring the role of appearance-based attribution in leader emergence: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 20(18, Pt 2) Oct 1990, 1530-1539.
  • Cherulnik, P. D., Way, J. H., Ames, S., & Hutto, D. B. (1981). Impressions of high and low Machiavellian men: Journal of Personality Vol 49(4) Dec 1981, 388-400.
  • Chierco, S., Rosa, C., & Kayson, W. A. (1982). Effects of location, appearance, and monetary value on altruistic behavior: Psychological Reports Vol 51(1) Aug 1982, 199-202.
  • Choi, P. Y. L. (2003). Review of Constructing Gendered Bodies: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 8(4) Jul 2003, 478-479.
  • Chronicle, E. P., Chan, M.-Y., Hawkings, C., Mason, K., & et al. (1995). You can tell by the nose: Judging sex from an isolated facial feature: Perception Vol 24(8) 1995, 969-973.
  • Clarke, V., & Turner, K. (2007). V. Clothes maketh the queer? Dress, appearance and the construction of lesbian, gay and bisexual identities: Feminism & Psychology Vol 17(2) May 2007, 267-276.
  • Cobb, J. C., Cohen, R., Houston, D. A., & Rubin, E. C. (1998). Children's self-concepts and peer relationships: Relating appearance self-discrepancies and peer perceptions of social behaviors: Child Study Journal Vol 28(4) 1998, 291-308.
  • Cockerham, W. C., Kunz, G., & Lueschen, G. (1988). On concern with appearance, health beliefs, and eating habits: A reappraisal comparing Americans and West Germans: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 29(3) Sep 1988, 265-269.
  • Cole, D. A., Cho, S., Martin, J. M., Seroczynski, A. D., Tram, J., & Hoffman, K. (2001). Effects of Validity and Bias on Gender Differences in the Appraisal of children's competence: Results of MTMM analyses in a longitudinal investigation: Structural Equation Modeling Vol 8(1) 2001, 84-107.
  • Cole, D. A., Maxwell, S. E., & Martin, J. M. (1997). Reflected self-appraisals: Strength and structure of the relation of teacher, peer, and parent ratings to children's self-perceived competencies: Journal of Educational Psychology Vol 89(1) Mar 1997, 55-70.
  • Collett, J. L. (2005). What Kind of Mother Am I? Impression Management and the Social Construction of Motherhood: Symbolic Interaction Vol 28(3) Sum 2005, 327-347.
  • Collins, A. F. (1999). The enduring appeal of physiognomy: Physical appearance as a sign of temperament, character, and intelligence: History of Psychology Vol 2(4) Nov 1999, 251-276.
  • Collins, C. R., & Blood, G. W. (1990). Acknowledgment and severity of stuttering as factors influencing nonstutterers' perceptions of stutterers: Journal of Speech & Hearing Disorders Vol 55(1) Feb 1990, 75-81.
  • Compton, M. T., Bollini, A. M., Mack, L. M., Kryda, A. D., Rutland, J., Weiss, P. S., et al. (2007). Neurological soft signs and minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders, their first-degree biological relatives, and non-psychiatric controls: Schizophrenia Research Vol 94(1-3) Aug 2007, 64-73.
  • Cordeiro, R. (2005). Physical appearance and intimate friendship in adolescence: A study using a Portuguese college student sample: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 33(1) 2005, 89-94.
  • Coren, S. (1999). Do people look like their dogs? : Anthrozoos Vol 12(2) 1999, 111-114.
  • Coslin, P. G., & Winnykamen, F. (1981). A contribution to the study of the genesis of stereotypes: Attribution of negative or positive aspects as a function of dress and ethnic appearance: Psychologie Francaise Vol 26(1) Mar 1981, 39-48.
  • Costello, J. C. (1983). Representing the medicated client: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 7(1) Jan-Feb 1983, 55-56, 62.
  • Cox, C. L., & Glick, W. H. (1986). Resume evaluations and cosmetics use: When more is not better: Sex Roles Vol 14(1-2) Jan 1986, 51-58.
  • Crawford, S., & Eklund, R. C. (1994). Social physique anxiety, reasons for exercise, and attitudes toward exercise settings: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 16(1) Mar 1994, 70-82.
  • Crerand, C. E., Sarwer, D. B., Magee, L., Gibbons, L. M., Lowe, M. R., Bartlett, S. P., et al. (2004). Rate of Body Dysmorphic Disorder Among Patients Seeking Facial Plastic Surgery: Psychiatric Annals Vol 34(12) Dec 2004, 958-965.
  • Crowther, J. H., Kichler, J. C., Shewood, N. E., & Kuhnert, M. E. (2002). The role of familial factors in bulimia nervosa: Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention Vol 10(2) Sum 2002, 141-151.
  • Cuervo, J. J. (2000). Foraging cost of ornaments which are not ornaments: Comment on Matyjasiak et al. (1999): Ethology Vol 106(7) Jul 2000, 659-663.
  • Cunningham, C. C., Turner, S., Sloper, P., & Knussen, C. (1991). Is the appearance of children with Down syndrome associated with their development and social functioning? : Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology Vol 33(4) Apr 1991, 285-295.
  • Cunningham, M. (2003). Is Beauty an Honest Signal or a False Symbol? : PsycCRITIQUES Vol 48 (3), Jun, 2003.
  • Cunningham, M. R. (1998). Facing the facts of first impressions: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 43 (7), Jul, 1998.
  • Cusumano, J. A., Robinson, S. E., & Morooka, F. (1989). Physical self-efficacy levels in Japanese and American university students: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 69(3, Pt 1) Dec 1989, 912-914.
  • Czagan, F. (1959). The use of vocal means of expression for the description of body features: Zeitschrift fur Experimentelle und Angewandte Psychologie 6 1959, 766-774.
  • Dabbs, J. J. M., Cate, K., Brower, A., Emery, C., Leander, P., & Zachary, M. (2003). Testosterone treatment, affect, and appearance: Slight effects in normal subjects: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 31(4) 2003, 387-394.
  • Daley, A. J., & Parfitt, G. (1996). Physical self-perceptions, aerobic capacity and physical activity in male and female members of a corporate health and fitness club: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 83(3, Pt 1) Dec 1996, 1075-1082.
  • Daly, M., & Wilson, M. I. (1982). Whom are newborn babies said to resemble? : Ethology & Sociobiology Vol 3(2) 1982, 69-78.
  • Damon, A., & Nuttall, R. L. (1965). Ponderal index of fathers and sex ratio of children: Human Biology 37(1) 1965, 23-28.
  • Danoff-Burg, S., & Mosher, C. E. (2006). Predictors of Tanning Salon Use: Behavioral Alternatives for Enhancing Appearance, Relaxing and Socializing: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 11(3) May 2006, 511-520.
  • Dare, G. J. (1992). The effect of pupil appearance on teacher expectations: Early Child Development and Care Vol 80 1992, 97-101.
  • Dasgupta, N., Banaji, M. R., & Abelson, R. P. (1999). Group entitativity and group perception: Associations between physical features and psychological judgment: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 77(5) Nov 1999, 991-1003.
  • Davis, C., Brewer, H., & Weinstein, M. (1993). A study of appearance anxiety in young men: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 21(1) 1993, 63-74.
  • Davis, C., Dionne, M., & Shuster, B. (2001). Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 30(1) Jan 2001, 21-30.
  • Davis, D., & Vernon, M. L. (2002). Sculpting the body beautiful: Attachment style, neuroticism, and use of cosmetic surgeries: Sex Roles Vol 47(3-4) Aug 2002, 129-138.
  • Davis, K. (2003). Surgical passing: Or why Michael Jackson's nose makes 'us' uneasy: Feminist Theory Vol 4(1) Apr 2003, 73-92.
  • Davis, L. L. (1987). Effect of sex, inferred sex-role and occupational sex-linkage on perceptions of occupational success: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 64(3, Pt 1) Jun 1987, 887-898.
  • Davis, M. S., & Doster, D. (1984). Trait selection preference of preadolescents: Journal of Human Behavior & Learning Vol 1(3-4) 1984, 39-45.
  • Davison, K. K., Earnest, M. B., & Birch, L. L. (2002). Participation in aesthetic sports and girls' weight concerns at ages 5 and 7 years: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 31(3) Apr 2002, 312-317.
  • Davys, D., Pope, K., & Taylor, J. (2006). Professionalism, Prejudice and Personal Taste: Does it Matter What We Wear? : British Journal of Occupational Therapy Vol 69(7) Jul 2006, No Pagination Specified.
  • Dawkins, J. L. (1996). Bullying, physical disability and the paediatric patient: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology Vol 38(7) Jul 1996, 603-612.
  • de Casanova, E. M. (2004). "No ugly woman": Concepts of race and beauty among adolescent women in Ecuador: Gender & Society Vol 18(3) Jun 2004, 287-308.
  • De Godoy Moreira, M. S. (1997). Tattoo: A perverse intrapsychic relationship: Revista Brasileira de Psicanalise Vol 31(4) 1997, 943-957.
  • de Gracia, M., Marco, M., Fernandez, M. J., & Juan, J. (1999). Physical self-concept, aesthetic model, and corporal image in an adolescent sample: Revista Psiquis Vol 20(1) 1999, 27-38.
  • de Jong, P. J. (1999). Communicative and remedial effects of social blushing: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior Vol 23(3) Fal 1999, 197-217.
  • de Leon, D., & Ziemke, T. (2002). Cognitive task transformations: Cognitive Systems Research Vol 3(1-4) Dec 2002, 349-359.
  • de Litvinoff, D. S. (2003). "The Beauty and the Beast" or the metamorphosis of the adolescent male: Revista de Psicoanalisis Vol 60(3) Jul-Sep 2003, 581-605.
  • de los Santos Sanchez-Barbudo, A. (1985). Psychopathological aspects of the personality of tattooed persons: Psicopatologia Vol 5(3) Jul-Sep 1985, 271-278.
  • de Meuse, K. P. (1987). A review of the effects on non-verbal cues on the performance appraisal process: Journal of Occupational Psychology Vol 60(3) 1987, 207-226.
  • de Ravel, T. J. L., Dillen, K., & Fryns, J. P. (2002). "A new association of mental retardation, short stature, unusual face, radio-ulnar synostosis and retinal pigment abnormalities": Cohen syndrome with thrombocytopenia: Genetic Counseling Vol 13(4) 2002, 475-476.
  • Deak, G., & Bauer, P. J. (1995). The effects of task comprehension on preschoolers' and adults' categorization choices: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Vol 60(3) Dec 1995, 393-427.
  • Deak, G. O. (2006). Do children really confuse appearance and reality? : Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol 10(12) Dec 2006, 546-550.
  • Dean, D. (2005). Recruiting a self: Women performers and aesthetic labour: Work, Employment and Society Vol 19(4) Dec 2005, 761-774.
  • Degelman, D., & Price, N. D. (2002). Tattoos and ratings of personal characteristics: Psychological Reports Vol 90(2) Apr 2002, 507-514.
  • Delinsky, S. S. (2005). Cosmetic surgery: A common and accepted form of self-improvement? : Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 35(10) Oct 2005, 2012-2028.
  • Dellinger, K., & Williams, C. L. (1997). Makeup at work: Negotiating appearance rules in the workplace: Gender & Society Vol 11(2) Apr 1997, 151-177.
  • Desrumaux, P. (2005). Normative and stereotypic information: Effects of internality/externality, gender, physical appearance, and position level and sex type of the job on hiring decisions: Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale Vol 18(4) Nov 2005, 165-199.
  • Diamandopoulos, A. A., Rakatsanis, K. G., & Diamantopoulos, N. (1997). A neolithic case of Down's syndrome: Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Vol 6(1) Apr 1997, 86-89.
  • Didillon, H., Bounsana, D., & Vanderwiele, M. (1988). The "maquillage" practice in Brazzaville: Psychological Reports Vol 62(1) Feb 1988, 307-316.
  • Diesendruck, G., & haLevi, H. (2006). The Role of Language, Appearance, and Culture in Children's Social Category-Based Induction: Child Development Vol 77(3) May-Jun 2006, 539-553.
  • Diesendruck, G., Hammer, R., & Catz, O. (2003). Mapping the similarity space of children and adults' artifact categories: Cognitive Development Vol 18(2) Apr-Jun 2003, 217-231.
  • Dijker, A. J., Vries, N. K. d., & Haar, A. t. (1998). Stereotypes about the mentally handicapped: The relative importance of appearance factors and attributed traits: Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie en haar Grensgebieden Vol 53(4) Aug 1998, 120-127.
  • Dion, K. L., Dion, K. K., & Keelan, J. P. (1990). Appearance anxiety as a dimension of social-evaluative anxiety: Exploring the ugly duckling syndrome: Contemporary Social Psychology Vol 14(4) Dec 1990, 220-224.
  • Dixson, A., Dixson, B., & Anderson, M. (2005). Sexual Selection and the Evolution of Visually Conspicuous Sexually Dimorphic Traits in Male Monkeys, Apes, and Human Beings: Annual Review of Sex Research Vol 16 2005, 1-19.
  • Dorai, M. (1990). Comparison of inferences obtained from three preliminary types of information used to form impressions: Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale Vol 3(2) Jun 1990, 215-232.
  • Dorn, L. D., Crockett, L. J., & Petersen, A. C. (1988). The relations of pubertal status to intrapersonal changes in young adolescents: Journal of Early Adolescence Vol 8(4) Win 1988, 405-419.
  • Downs, A. C. (1990). Perceptions of physical appearance and adolescents' social alienation: Psychological Reports 67(3, Pt 2) Dec 1990, 1305-1306.
  • Downs, A. C., & Abshier, G. R. (1982). Conceptions of physical appearance among young adolescents: The interrelationships among self-judged appearance, attractiveness stereotyping, and sex-typed characteristics: Journal of Early Adolescence Vol 2(3) Fal 1982, 255-265.
  • Drentea, P. (2004). Review of Rapunzel's daughters: What women's hair tells us about women's lives: Gender & Society Vol 18(6) Dec 2004, 797-798.
  • Driesch, G., Burgmer, M., & Heuft, G. (2004). Body dysmorphic disorder: Epidemiology, clinical symptoms, classification and differential treatment indications: An overview: Nervenarzt Vol 75(9) 2004, 917-931.
  • Drummond, P. D. (1997). The effect of adrenergic blockade on blushing and facial flushing: Psychophysiology Vol 34(2) Mar 1997, 163-168.
  • Dumas, A., Laberge, S., & Straka, S. M. (2005). Older women's relations to bodily appearance: the embodiment of social and biological conditions of existence: Ageing & Society Vol 25(6) Nov 2005, 883-902.
  • Dyson, L. L. (2005). Kindergarten Children's Understanding of and Attitudes Toward People With Disabilities: Topics in Early Childhood Special Education Vol 25(2) Sum 2005, 95-105.
  • Eapen, V., Revesz, T., Mpofu, C., & Daradkeh, T. (1999). Self-perception profile in children with cancer: Self vs parent report: Psychological Reports Vol 84(2) Apr 1999, 427-432.
  • Ebbeck, V., & Gibbons, S. L. (1998). The effect of a team building program on the self-conceptions of Grade 6 and 7 physical education students: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 20(3) Sep 1998, 300-310.
  • Ebbesen, E. B., & Rienick, C. B. (1998). Retention interval and eyewitness memory for events and personal identifying attributes: Journal of Applied Psychology Vol 83(5) Oct 1998, 745-762.
  • Eisenthal, Y., Dror, G., & Ruppin, E. (2006). Facial Attractiveness: Beauty and the Machine: Neural Computation Vol 18(1) Jan 2006, 119-142.
  • Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., Angier, N., Daly, J. A., Hogg, E., Sacks, D., et al. (1999). Kinesic cues: The body, eyes, and face. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
  • Elwell, C. M., Brown, R. J., & Rutter, D. R. (1984). Effects of accent and visual information on impression formation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology Vol 3(4) 1984, 297-299.
  • Engstrom, E. (1996). Audiences' perceptions of sources' credibility in a television interview setting: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 83(2) Oct 1996, 579-588.
  • Evans, L., & Stukas, A. A. (2007). Self-verification by women and responses of their partners around issues of appearance and weight: "Do I look fat in this?" Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology Vol 26(10) Oct 2007, 1163-1188.
  • Fabricant, S. M., & Gould, S. J. (1993). Women's makeup careers: An interpretive study of color cosmetic use and "face value." Psychology & Marketing Vol 10(6) Nov-Dec 1993, 531-548.
  • Farmer, D. C., & Barnard, C. J. (2000). Fluctuating asymmetry and sperm transfer in male decorated field crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus): Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Vol 47(4) 2000, 287-292.
  • Fea, C. J., & Brannon, L. A. (2006). Self-objectification and compliment type: Effects on negative mood: Body Image Vol 3(2) Jun 2006, 183-188.
  • Fears, L. M. (1998). Colorism of black women in news editorial photos: Western Journal of Black Studies Vol 22(1) Spr 1998, 30-36.
  • Ferguson, G. M., & Cramer, P. (2007). Self-esteem among Jamaican children: Exploring the impact of skin color and rural/urban residence: Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology Vol 28(4) Jul-Aug 2007, 345-359.
  • Ferjencik, J., & Nisponska, M. (1996). How facial appearance and social role influence the forming of an impression: Ceskoslovenska Psychologie Vol 40(1) 1996, 39-45.
  • Fernandez, F., & Vandereycken, W. (1994). Influence of video confrontation on the self-evaluation of anorexia nervosa patients: A controlled study: Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention Vol 2(2) Sum 1994, 135-140.
  • Ferrante, R. D. (1985). Social posturing in homosexual men: Etc Vol 42(4) Win 1985, 376-380.
  • Feusner, J. D., Townsend, J., Bystritsky, A., & Bookheimer, S. (2007). Visual information processing of faces in body dysmorphic disorder: Archives of General Psychiatry Vol 64(12) Dec 2007, 1417-1426.
  • Fingeret, M. C., & Gleaves, D. H. (2004). Sociocultural, feminist, and psychological influences on women's body satisfaction: A structural modeling analysis: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 28(4) Dec 2004, 370-380.
  • Fink, B., Neave, N., Brewer, G., & Pawlowski, B. (2007). Variable preferences for sexual dimorphism in stature (SDS): Further evidence for an adjustment in relation to own height: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 43(8) Dec 2007, 2249-2257.
  • Fiore, A. M., & DeLong, M. R. (1990). A personal appearance program for displaced homemakers: Journal of Career Development Vol 16(3) Spr 1990, 219-226.
  • Fisak, B., Jr., Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Peterson, R. D. (2007). Personality information: Does it influence attractiveness ratings of various body sizes? : Body Image Vol 4(2) Jun 2007, 213-217.
  • Fisher, S. (1964). Sex differences in body perception: Psychological Monographs: General & Applied 78(14, Whole No 591) 1964, 22.
  • Flanery, R. C. (2007). Looking Good Says It All: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 52 (1), 2007.
  • Flavell, J. H., Lindberg, N. A., Green, F. L., & Flavell, E. R. (1992). The development of children's understanding of the appearanceeality distinction between how people look and what they are really like: Merrill-Palmer Quarterly Vol 38(4) Oct 1992, 513-524.
  • Flavell, J. H., Lindberg, N. A., Green, F. L., & Flavell, E. R. (1992). The development of children's understanding of the appearance-reality distinction between how people look and what they are really like: Merrill-Palmer Quarterly Vol 38(4) Oct 1992, 513-524.
  • Forney, J. C. (1981). An investigation of the relationship between dress and appearance and retention of ethnic identity: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Fox, F. E., Rumsey, N., & Morris, M. (2007). "Ur skin is the thing that everyone sees and you cant change it!": Exploring the appearance-related concerns of young people with psoriasis: Developmental Neurorehabilitation Vol 10(2) Apr-Jun 2007, 133-141.
  • Fox, K. R., & Corbin, C. B. (1989). The Physical Self-Perception Profile: Development and preliminary validation: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 11(4) Dec 1989, 408-430.
  • Frances, J. (2000). Providing effective support in school when a child has a disfigured appearance: The work of the Changing Faces School Service: Support for Learning Vol 15(4) Nov 2000, 177-182.
  • Francis, S. K., & Davis, L. L. (1990). Profiling consumers of personal color analysis systems: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 71(3, Pt 1) Dec 1990, 769-770.
  • Francis, S. K., & Evans, P. K. (1987). Effects of hue, value, and style of garment and personal coloring of model on person perception: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 64(2) Apr 1987, 383-390.
  • Francis, S. K., & Evans, P. K. (1988). Effects of hue, value, and garment style on college recruiters' assessments of employment potential: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 67(1) Aug 1988, 87-93.
  • Freedman, R. J. (1984). Reflections on beauty as it relates to health in adolescent females: Women & Health Vol 9(2-3) Sum-Fal 1984, 29-45.
  • French, F., Wilke, A. S., Mayfield, L., & Woolley, B. (1985). The physician's role in covering deviance: Assisting the physically handicapped: Psychological Reports Vol 57(3, Pt 2) Dec 1985, 1255-1259.
  • Frieze, I. H., Olson, J. E., & Good, D. C. (1990). Perceived and actual discrimination in the salaries of male and female managers: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 20(1) Jan 1990, 46-67.
  • Frith, H., & Gleeson, K. (2004). Clothing and Embodiment: Men Managing Body Image and Appearance: Psychology of Men & Masculinity Vol 5(1) Jan 2004, 40-48.
  • Frost, L. (2003). Doing bodies differently? Gender, youth, appearance and damage: Journal of Youth Studies Vol 6(1) Mar 2003, 53-70.
  • Fry, Y. W. (2003). Style Watch: Looking at the Bigger Picture: Journal of the National Medical Association Vol 95(7) Jul 2003, 628.
  • Fujita, K. (1993). Role of some physical characteristics in species recognition by pigtail monkeys: Primates Vol 34(2) Apr 1993, 133-140.
  • Fukunishi, I. (1999). Relationship of cosmetic disfigurement to the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder in burn injury or digital amputation: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Vol 68(2) Mar-Apr 1999, 82-86.
  • Gammage, K. L., Ginis, K. A. M., & Hall, C. R. (2004). Self-presentational efficacy: Its influence on social anxiety in an exercise context: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 26(2) Jun 2004, 179-190.
  • Gardner, B. T., & Wallach, L. (1965). Shapes of figures identified as a baby's head: Perceptual and Motor Skills 20(1) 1965, 135-142.
  • Garnham, A., Oakhill, J., & Reynolds, D. (2002). Are inferences from sterotyped role names to characters' gender made elaboratively? : Memory & Cognition Vol 30(3) Apr 2002, 439-446.
  • Germain, J., Pinillos, J. L., & De Aberasturi, N. L. (1964). Psycho-linguistic study of historical personages: Revista de Psicologia General y Aplicada 19(72) 1964, 293-317.
  • Gifford, R., Hine, D. W., Muller-Clemm, W., & Shaw, K. T. (2002). Why architects and laypersons judge buildings differently: Cognitive properties and physical bases: Journal of Architectural and Planning Research Vol 19(2) Sum 2002, 131- 148.
  • Giles, H. (2006). Re-dressing helping attire: Methodological and interpretive issues: Psychological Reports Vol 99(3) Dec 2006, 935-937.
  • Giles, H., Zwang-Weissman, Y., & Hajek, C. (2004). Patronizing and Policing Elderly People: Psychological Reports Vol 95(3,Part1) Dec 2004, 754-756.
  • Gillberg, C., Steffenburg, S., Wahlstrom, J., Gillberg, I. C., & et al. (1991). Autism associated with marker chromosome: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 30(3) May 1991, 489-494.
  • Ginis, K. A. M., O'Brien, J., & Watson, J. D. (2003). The importance of self-presentational motives for exercise: A preliminary cross-cultural comparison of Irish and American students: Irish Journal of Psychology Vol 24(1-2) 2003, 46-57.
  • Gjerdingen, D. K., & Simpson, D. E. (1989). Physicians' attitudes about their professional appearance: Family Practice Research Journal Vol 9(1) Fal-Win 1989, 57-64.
  • Glick, P., Larsen, S., Johnson, C., & Branstiter, H. (2005). Evaluations of sexy women in low- and high-status jobs: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 29(4) Dec 2005, 389-395.
  • Gold, B. D. (1987). Self-image of punk rock and nonpunk rock juvenile delinquents: Adolescence Vol 22(87) Fal 1987, 535-544.
  • Gold, M. (2002). The effects of the physical features associated with albinism on the self-esteem of African American youths: Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness Vol 96(3) Mar 2002, 133-142.
  • Goldenberg, J. L., McCoy, S. K., Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (2000). The body as a source of self-esteem: The effect of mortality salience on identification with one's body, interest in sex, and appearance monitoring: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 79(1) Jul 2000, 118-130.
  • Goldfield, A., & Chrisler, J. C. (1995). Body stereotyping and stigmatization of obese persons by first graders: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 81(3, Pt 1) Dec 1995, 909-910.
  • Gonzalez-Roma, V., Tomas, I., Ferreres, D., & Hernandez, A. (2005). Do Items That Measure Self-Perceived Physical Appearance Function Differentially Across Gender Groups? An Application of the MACS Model: Structural Equation Modeling Vol 12(1) Jan 2005, 148-162.
  • Goodenough, F. L. (1942). The selection of candidates for the Officer Candidate School at the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps Training Center: Psychological Bulletin Vol 39(8) Oct 1942, 634-637.
  • Graffi, S., & Minnes, P. M. (1988). Attitudes of primary school children toward the physical appearance and labels associated with Down syndrome: American Journal on Mental Retardation Vol 93(1) Jul 1988, 28-35.
  • Graham, J. R. (1990). Cluster headache: The relation to arousal, relaxation, and autonomic tone: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain Vol 30(3) Feb 1990, 145-151.
  • Grandmontagne, A. G., Fernandez, A. R., & de Azua Garcia, S. R. (2004). Psychological well-being and physical self-concept in adolescence and youth: Revista Psiquis Vol 25(4) 2004, 17-27.
  • Granella, F. (2000). Case-control study on the epidemiology of cluster headache. II. Anthropometric data and personality profile: Functional Neurology Vol 15(4) Oct-Dec 2000, 215-223.
  • Green, R. J., & Ashmore, R. D. (1998). Taking and developing pictures in the head: Assessing the physical stereotypes of eight gender types: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 28(17) Sep 1998, 1609-1636.
  • Greenswag, L. R. (1987). Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome: A survey of 232 cases: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology Vol 29(2) Apr 1987, 145-152.
  • Greif, J., Hewitt, W., & Armstrong, M. L. (1999). Tattooing and body piercing: Body art practices among college students: Clinical Nursing Research Vol 8(4) Nov 1999, 368-385.
  • Griffiths, R. A., Beumont, P. J. V., Russell, J., Schotte, D., Thornton, C., Touyz, S., et al. (1999). Sociocultural attitudes toward appearance in dieting disordered and nondieting disordered subjects: European Eating Disorders Review Vol 7(3) Jun 1999, 193-203.
  • Griffiths, R. A., Mallia-Blanco, R., Boesenberg, E., Ellis, C., Fischer, K., Taylor, M., et al. (2000). Restrained eating and sociocultural attitudes to appearance and general dissatisfaction: European Eating Disorders Review Vol 8(5) Oct 2000, 394-402.
  • Grilo, C. M., Wilfley, D. E., Brownell, K. D., & Rodin, J. (1994). Teasing, body image, and self-esteem in a clinical sample of obese women: Addictive Behaviors Vol 19(4) Jul-Aug 1994, 443-450.
  • Grogan, S. (2007). Review of The psychology of appearance: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 12(5) Sep 2007, 844-845.
  • Grogan, S., Conner, M., & Smithson, H. (2006). Sexuality and exercise motivations: Are gay men and heterosexual women most likely to be motivated by concern about weight and appearance? : Sex Roles Vol 55(7-8) Oct 2006, 567-572.
  • Gueguen, N. (2002). Status, apparel and touch: Their joint effects on compliance to a request: North American Journal of Psychology Vol 4(2) 2002, 279-286.
  • Gueguen, N., & Pascual, A. (2002). The effect of obvious thief's status on reactions to criminal behavior: Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale No 54 Jun 2002, 125-135.
  • Gula, C. A., & Yarmey, D. (1998). Physical appearance and judgment of status as battered women: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 87(2) Oct 1998, 459-465.
  • Gurung, R. A. R., & Vespia, K. M. (2007). Looking good, teaching well? Linking liking, looks, and learning: Teaching of Psychology Vol 34(1) Win 2007, 5-10.
  • Guthrie, E., Mast, J., & Engel, M. (1999). Diagnosing genetic anomalies by inspection: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America Vol 8(4) Oct 1999, 777-790.
  • Hahn, H. (1988). The politics of physical differences: Disability and discrimination: Journal of Social Issues Vol 44(1) Spr 1988, 39-47.
  • Halayem, M., Chakroun, A., & Bagbag, F. (1989). Tattooing: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 147(3) May-Jun 1989, 337-340.
  • Hall, R. E. (1994). The "bleaching syndrome": Implications of light skin for Hispanic American assimilation: Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences Vol 16(3) Aug 1994, 307-314.
  • Hall, R. E. (2002). A descriptive methodology of color bias in Puerto Rico: Manifestations of discrimination in the new millennium: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 32(7) Jul 2002, 1527-1537.
  • Halliwell, E., & Dittmar, H. (2006). Associations Between Appearance-Related Self-Discrepancies and Young Women's and Men's Affect, Body Satisfaction, and Emotional Eating: A Comparison of Fixed-Item and Participant-Generated Self-Discrepancies: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 32(4) Apr 2006, 447-458.
  • Hallsworth, L., Wade, T., & Tiggemann, M. (2005). Individual differences in male body-image: An examination of self-objectification in recreational body builders: British Journal of Health Psychology Vol 10(3) Sep 2005, 453-465.
  • Hammer, R., & Diesendruck, G. (2005). The Role of Dimensional Distinctiveness in Children's and Adults' Artifact Categorization: Psychological Science Vol 16(2) Feb 2005, 137-144.
  • Hanstock, T. L., & O'Mahony, J. F. (2002). Perfectionism, acne and appearance concerns: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 32(8) Jun 2002, 1317-1325.
  • Harel, J., Oppenheim, D., Tirosh, E., & Gini, M. (1999). Associations between mother-child interaction and children's later self and mother feature knowledge: Infant Mental Health Journal Vol 20(2) Sum 1999, 123-137.
  • Hargreaves, D. A., & Tiggemann, M. (2003). Female "Thin Ideal" Media Images and Boys' Attitudes Toward Girls: Sex Roles Vol 49(9-10) Nov 2003, 539-544.
  • Hargreaves, D. A., & Tiggemann, M. (2006). 'Body Image is for Girls': A Qualitative Study of Boys' Body Image: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 11(4) Jul 2006, 567-576.
  • Harre, R. (1990). Embarrassment: A conceptual analysis. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Harre, R. (1991). Physical being: A theory for a corporeal psychology. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.
  • Harris, A. (2006). Introduction to refashinoning the self--Passionate possibilities and possible passions: Studies in Gender and Sexuality Vol 7(2) Apr 2006, 173-177.
  • Harrison, K. (2003). Television viewers' ideal body proportions: The case of the curvaceously thin woman: Sex Roles Vol 48(5-6) Mar 2003, 255-264.
  • Hartman de Ganapol, N., & Petronacci de hacker, R. (1998). Tattooing: A stage for violence: Revista de Psicoanalisis Vol 55(4) Oct-Dec 1998, 905-916.
  • Harvey, A. R. (1995). The issue of skin color in psychotherapy with African Americans: Families in Society Vol 76(1) Jan 1995, 3-10.
  • Harvey, O. L. (1934). Review of Ability in Social and Racial Classes: Psychological Bulletin Vol 31(5) May 1934, 368-369.
  • Harvey, R. D., LaBeach, N., Pridgen, E., & Gocial, T. M. (2005). The Intragroup Stigmatization of Skin Tone Among Black Americans: Journal of Black Psychology Vol 31(3) Aug 2005, 237-253.
  • Hasegawa, S., Ikeda, Y., Umetani, T., & Katada, A. (1997). Physical aging in persons with Down syndrome: Bases on external appearance and diseases: Japanese Journal of Special Education Vol 35(2) Sep 1997, 43-49.
  • Hayes, D., & Ross, C. E. (1987). Concern with appearance, health beliefs, and eating habits: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 28(2) Jun 1987, 120-130.
  • Heckert, D. M., & Best, A. (1997). Ugly duckling to swan: Labeling theory and the stigmatization of red hair: Symbolic Interaction Vol 20(4) 1997, 365-384.
  • Hedderman, C. (1994). Decision-making in court: Observing the sentencing of men and women: Psychology, Crime & Law Vol 1(2) 1994, 165-173.
  • Heinberg, L. J., & Thompson, J. K. (1995). Body image and televised images of thinness and attractiveness: A controlled laboratory investigation: Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology Vol 14(4) Win 1995, 325-338.
  • Heise, H. (1984). Eyeshadow, aesthetics and morality: Women's Studies International Forum Vol 7(5) 1984, 365-373.
  • Henley, B. (1986). The job interview: A workshop on self-esteem and dress for Black students: Journal of College Student Personnel Vol 27(6) Nov 1986, 564-566.
  • Henss, R. (1995). Waist-to-hip ratio and attractiveness. Replication and extension: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 19(4) Oct 1995, 479-488.
  • Herbozo, S., & Thompson, J. K. (2006). Appearance-related commentary, body image, and self-esteem: Does the distress associated with the commentary matter? : Body Image Vol 3(3) Sep 2006, 255-262.
  • Herbozo, S., & Thompson, J. K. (2006). Development and validation of the verbal commentary on physical appearance scale: Considering both positive and negative commentary: Body Image Vol 3(4) Dec 2006, 335-344.
  • Herz, R. S., & Inzlicht, M. (2002). Sex differences in response to physical and social factors involved in human mate selection: The importance of smell for women: Evolution and Human Behavior Vol 23(5) Sep 2002, 359-364.
  • Hettema, J. M., Neale, M. C., & Kendler, K. S. (1995). Physical similarity and the equal-environment assumption in twin studies of psychiatric disorders: Behavior Genetics Vol 25(4) Jul 1995, 327-335.
  • Heyl, C. (2001). When they are veyl'd on purpose to be seene: The metamorphosis of the mask in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century London. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Hickson, M., Powell, L., & Sandoz, M. L. (1987). The effects of eye color on homophily, attraction, and credibility: Communication Research Reports Vol 4(2) Dec 1987, 20-23.
  • Hilbert, A., Tuschen-Caffier, B., & Vogele, C. (2002). Effects of prolonged and repeated body image exposure in binge-eating disorder: Journal of Psychosomatic Research Vol 52(3) Mar 2002, 137-144.
  • Hill, M. E. (2002). Race of the interviewer and perception of skin color: Evidence from the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality: American Sociological Review Vol 67(1) Feb 2002, 99-108.
  • Hillhouse, J., Turrisi, R., Holwiski, F., & McVeigh, S. (1999). An examination of psychological variables relevant to artificial tanning tendencies: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 4(4) Oct 1999, 507-516.
  • Hillhouse, J. J., Turrisi, R., & Kastner, M. (2000). Modeling tanning salon behavioral tendencies using appearance motivation, self-monitoring and the Theory of Planned Behavior: Health Education Research Vol 15(4) Aug 2000, 405-414.
  • Hinsz, V. B. (1989). Facial resemblance in engaged and married couples: Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Vol 6(2) May 1989, 223-229.
  • Hird, M. J., & Germon, J. (2001). The intersexual body and the medical regulation of gender. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Hirokane, T., & Yoshida, T. (1984). The study of cue dominance in impression formation: Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Vol 23(2) Feb 1984, 117-124.
  • Hirsch, M. (2004). Body enactments. On parallels between body acting of "primitive" cultures, contemporary adolescents and pathologic forms: Forum der Psychoanalyse: Zeitschrift fur klinische Theorie & Praxis Vol 20(4) Dec 2004, 369-378.
  • Hirschfeld, L. A. (1995). The inheritability of identity: Children's understanding of the cultural biology of race: Child Development Vol 66(5) Oct 1995, 1418-1437.
  • Hoffner, C., & Cantor, J. (1985). Developmental differences in responses to a television character's appearance and behavior: Developmental Psychology Vol 21(6) Nov 1985, 1065-1074.
  • Hoffnung, M. (2006). Western Beauty Practices Are Culturally Coerced, Not Chosen: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 51 (23), 2006.
  • Hollin, C. R., Houston, J. C., & Kent, M. F. (1985). Neuroticism, life stress and concern about eating, body weight and appearance in a non-clinical population: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 6(4) 1985, 485-492.
  • Holmes, K., Murachver, T., & Bayard, D. (2001). Accent, appearance, and ethnic stereotypes in New Zealand: New Zealand Journal of Psychology Vol 30(2) Dec 2001, 79-86.
  • Holtzman, W. H. (1952). The examiner as a variable in the Draw-A-Person Test: Journal of Consulting Psychology Vol 16(2) Apr 1952, 145-148.
  • Horgan, T. G., Schmid Mast, M., Hall, J. A., & Carter, J. D. (2004). Gender differences in memory for the appearance of others: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 30(2) Feb 2004, 185-196.
  • Houghton, S., Durkin, K., & Carroll, A. (1995). Children's and adolescents' awareness of the physical and mental health risks associated with tattooing: A focus group study: Adolescence Vol 30(120) Win 1995, 971-988.
  • Huang, X., Chen, H., Fu, M., & Zeng, X. (2002). An exploration of the characters of young and adolescent students' physical self: Psychological Science (China) Vol 25(3) May 2002, 260-264.
  • Huddleston, J. E., & Engels, D. W. (1987). Influence of male military counselor attire on Air Force members' perceptions and preferences: Military Medicine Vol 152(10) Oct 1987, 512-515.
  • Hummert, M. L. (1994). Physiognomic cues to age and the activation of stereotypes of the elderly in interaction: International Journal of Aging & Human Development Vol 39(1) 1994, 5-19.
  • Hunt, N., & McHale, S. (2005). Reported Experiences of Persons with Alopecia Areata: Journal of Loss & Trauma Vol 10(1) Jan-Feb 2005, 33-50.
  • Husain, A., & Firdous. (1990). Physical factors of mate selection: Testing assortative mating theory: Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient Vol 33(2) Jun 1990, 118-122.
  • Ibrahim, A. M. (2003). May 16, 1999: The Story of the "Dark Man": Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines Vol 22(2) Win 2003, 20, 44, 64, 74.
  • Inami, K., & Hama, H. (1993). A study of activation of emotions of aged people with senile dementia: Using cosmetic application: Japanese Journal of Health Psychology Vol 6(2) Dec 1993, 29-38.
  • Ismail, B., Cantor-Graae, E., & McNeil, T. F. (1998). Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenic patients and their siblings: American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 155(12) Dec 1998, 1695-1702.
  • Ismail, B., Cantor-Graae, E., & McNeil, T. F. (2000). "Problems with the Waldrop Scale": Reply: American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 157(3) Mar 2000, 486.
  • Jackson, H. O. (1996). "Dress and appearance responses to perceptions of aging": Erratum: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 14(1) 1996, 96.
  • Jackson, H. O., & O'Neal, G. S. (1994). Dress and appearance responses to perceptions of aging: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 12(4) Sum 1994, 8-15.
  • Jackson, K. M., & Aiken, L. S. (2006). Evaluation of a Multicomponent Appearance-Based Sun-Protective Intervention for Young Women: Uncovering the Mechanisms of Program Efficacy: Health Psychology Vol 25(1) Jan 2006, 34-46.
  • Jackson, L. A. (1992). Physical appearance and gender: Sociobiological and sociocultural perspectives. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
  • Jackson, T., & Chen, H. (2007). Identifying the eating disorder symptomatic in China: The role of sociocultural factors and culturally defined appearance concerns: Journal of Psychosomatic Research Vol 62(2) Feb 2007, 241-249.
  • Jacobi, L., & Cash, T. F. (1994). In pursuit of the perfect appearance: Discrepancies among selfdeal percepts of multiple physical attributes: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 24(5) Mar 1994, 379-396.
  • Jacobi, L., & Cash, T. F. (1994). In pursuit of the perfect appearance: Discrepancies among self-ideal percepts of multiple physical attributes: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 24(5) Mar 1994, 379-396.
  • Jambor, E. (2001). Media involvement and the idea of beauty. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Jasper, C. R., & Klassen, M. L. (1990). Perceptions of salespersons' appearance and evaluation of job performance: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 71(2) Oct 1990, 563-566.
  • Jasper, C. R., & Klassen, M. L. (1990). Stereotypical beliefs about appearance: Implications for retailing and consumer issues: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 71(2) Oct 1990, 519-528.
  • Johnson, B. M., & Collins, W. A. (1988). Perceived maturity as a function of appearance cues in early adolescence: Ratings by unacquainted adults, parents, and teachers: Journal of Early Adolescence Vol 8(4) Win 1988, 357-372.
  • Johnson, K. K. P., Hegland, J. E., & Schofield, N. A. (1999). Survivors of rape: Functions and implications of dress in a context of coercive power. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Johnson, K. K. P., & Lennon, S. J. (1999). Appearance and power. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Johnson, K. K. P., Schofield, N. A., & Yurchisin, J. (2002). Appearance and dress as a source of information: A qualitative approach to data collection: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 20(3) 2002, 125-137.
  • Johnston, J. E. (1997). Appearance obsession: Women's reactions to men's objectification of their bodies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Johnston, O., Reilly, J., & Kremer, J. (2004). Women's Experiences of Appearance Concern and Body Control across the Lifespan: Challenging accepted wisdom: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 9(3) May 2004, 397-410.
  • Jones, D. C., & Crawford, J. K. (2006). The Peer Appearance Culture During Adolescence: Gender and Body Mass Variations: Journal of Youth and Adolescence Vol 35(2) Apr 2006, 257-269.
  • Jones, D. C., Vigfusdottir, T. H., & Lee, Y. (2004). Body image and the appearance culture among adolescent girls and boys: An examination of friend conversations, peer criticism, appearance magazines, and the internalization of appearance ideals: Journal of Adolescent Research Vol 19(3) May 2004, 323-339.
  • Jones, J. L., & Leary, M. R. (1994). Effects of appearance-based admonitions against sun exposure on tanning intentions in young adults: Health Psychology Vol 13(1) Jan 1994, 86-90.
  • Jones, S. S., Raag, T., & Collins, K. L. (1990). Smiling in older infants: Form and maternal response: Infant Behavior & Development Vol 13(2) Apr-Jun 1990, 147-165.
  • Josephson, S. C., & Hollander, E. (1997). Body dysmorphic disorder by proxy: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Vol 58(2) Feb 1997, 86-87.
  • Joubert, D., Sadeghi, M. R., Elliott, M., Devins, G. M., Laperriere, N., & Rodin, G. (2001). Physical sequelae and self-perceived attachment in adult survivors of childhood cancer: Psycho-Oncology Vol 10(4) Jul-Aug 2001, 284-292.
  • Juhnke, R., Barmann, B., Cunningham, M., & Smith, E. (1987). Effects of attractiveness and nature of request on helping behavior: Journal of Social Psychology Vol 127(4) Aug 1987, 317-322.
  • Jung, J., & Lennon, S. J. (2003). Body Image, Appearance Self-Schema, and Media Images: Family & Consumer Sciences Research Journal Vol 32(1) Sep 2003, 27-51.
  • Jung, J., Lennon, S. J., & Rudd, N. A. (2001). Self-schema or self-discrepancy? Which best explains body image? : Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 19(4) 2001, 171-184.
  • Juni, S., & Roth, M. M. (1981). Sexism and handicapism in interpersonal helping: Journal of Social Psychology Vol 115(2) Dec 1981, 175-181.
  • Jussim, L., Coleman, L. M., & Lerch, L. (1987). The nature of stereotypes: A comparison and integration of three theories: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 52(3) Mar 1987, 536-546.
  • Kaiser, S. (2001). Minding appearances: Style, truth and subjectivity. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Kaiser, S. B., Freeman, C. M., & Wingate, S. B. (1985). Stigmata and negotiated outcomes: Management of appearance by persons with physical disabilities: Deviant Behavior Vol 6(2) 1985, 205-224.
  • Kaiser, S. B., Wingate, S. B., Freeman, C. M., & Chandler, J. L. (1987). Acceptance of physical disability and attitudes toward personal appearance: Rehabilitation Psychology Vol 32(1) Spr 1987, 51-58.
  • Kaminsky, D. H. (2006). Review of Making weight: Men's conflicts with food, weight, shape, and appearance: Group Vol 30(4) Dec 2006, 379-381.
  • Kanazawa, S., & Kovar, J. L. (2004). Why beautiful people are more intelligent: Intelligence Vol 32(3) 2004, 227-243.
  • Kapp-Simon, K. A. (2006). Craniofacial Conditions. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers.
  • Keelan, J. P., Dion, K. K., & Dion, K. L. (1992). Correlates of appearance anxiety in late adolescence and early adulthood among young women: Journal of Adolescence Vol 15(2) Jun 1992, 193-205.
  • Keith, V. M., & Herring, C. (1991). Skin tone and stratification in the Black community: American Journal of Sociology Vol 97(3) Nov 1991, 760-778.
  • Kellerman, J. M., & Laird, J. D. (1982). The effect of appearance on self-perception: Journal of Personality Vol 50(3) Sep 1982, 296-315.
  • Kennedy, J. H. (1990). Determinants of peer social status: Contributions of physical appearance, reputation, and behavior: Journal of Youth and Adolescence Vol 19(3) Jun 1990, 233-244.
  • Kiang, L., & Harter, S. (2006). Sociocultural values of appearance and attachment processes: An integrated model of eating disorder symptomatology: Eating Behaviors Vol 7(2) May 2006, 134-151.
  • Kiefer, A., Sekaquaptewa, D., & Barczyk, A. (2006). When appearance concerns make women look bad: Solo status and body image concerns diminish women's academic performance: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Vol 42(1) Jan 2006, 78-86.
  • Kilborne, B. (2002). Disappearing persons: Shame and appearance. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
  • Kilborne, K. (2003). Shame and the Tragic Situation: PsyART Vol 7 Jun-Sep 2003, No Pagination Specified.
  • Kim, M. (2005). Book Review: Dubious Equalities & Embodied Differences: Cultural Studies on Cosmetic Surgery, and Flesh Wounds: The Culture of Cosmetic Surgery: Gender & Society Vol 19(3) Jun 2005, 423-424.
  • Kitahara, M. (1985). Cognition of size and evolutionary advantage: Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior Vol 22(3-4) 1985, 49-50.
  • Kitzinger, J. (1991). Judging by appearances: Audience understandings of the look of someone with HIV: Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology Vol 1(2) Jun 1991, 155-163.
  • Klassen, A., Fitzpatrick, R., Jenkinson, C., & Goodacre, T. (1999). Contrasting evidence of the effectiveness of cosmetic surgery from two health related quality of life measures: Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health Vol 53(7) Jul 1999, 440-441.
  • Klassen, M. L., Clayson, D., & Jasper, C. R. (1996). Perceived effect of a salesperson's stigmatized appearance on store image: An experimental study of students' perceptions: The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research Vol 6(2) Apr 1996, 216-224.
  • Klassen, M. L., Jasper, C. R., & Harris, R. J. (1993). The role of physical appearance in managerial decisions: Journal of Business and Psychology Vol 8(2) Win 1993, 181-198.
  • Klonoff, E. A., & Landrine, H. (2000). Is skin color a marker for racial discrimination? Explaining the skin color-hypertension relationship: Journal of Behavioral Medicine Vol 23(4) Aug 2000, 329-338.
  • Klump, K. L., Holly, A., Iacono, W. G., McGue, M., & Willson, L. E. (2000). Physical similarity and twin resemblance for eating attitudes and behaviors: A test of the Equal Environments Assumption: Behavior Genetics Vol 30(1) Jan 2000, 51-58.
  • Knauss, F., Martz, D., Parker, A., Curtin, L., & Pai, S. (2005). Women and cigarette smoking: Does amount of weight gain following a failed quit attempt affect social disapproval? : Addictive Behaviors Vol 30(4) May 2005, 643-651.
  • Korabik, K. (1994). Self-concept changes during orthodontic treatment: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 24(11) Jun 1994, 1022-1034.
  • Kostanski, M., & Gullone, E. (2007). The impact of teasing on children's body image: Journal of Child and Family Studies Vol 16(3) Jun 2007, 307-319.
  • Kowalski, K., & Lo, Y.-F. (2001). The influence of perceptual features, ethnic labels, and sociocultural information on the development of ethnic/racial bias in young children: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol 32(4) Jul 2001, 444-455.
  • Kowalski, K. C., Crocker, P. R. E., Kowalski, N. P., Chad, K. E., & Humbert, M. L. (2003). Examining the physical self in adolescent girls over time: Further evidence against the Hierarchical Model: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 25(1) Mar 2003, 5-18.
  • Krakauer, I. D., & Rose, S. M. (2002). The impact of group membership on lesbians' physical appearance: Journal of Lesbian Studies Vol 6(1) 2002, 31-43.
  • Krapfel, R. E. (1988). Customer complaint and salesperson response: The effect of the communication source: Journal of Retailing Vol 64(2) Sum 1988, 181-198.
  • Krauss, R. M., Freyberg, R., & Morsella, E. (2002). Inferring speakers' physical attributes from their voices: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Vol 38(6) Nov 2002, 618-625.
  • Krieger, N., Sidney, S., & Coakley, E. (1998). Racial discrimination and skin color in the CARDIA study: Implications for public health research: American Journal of Public Health Vol 88(9) Sep 1998, 1308-1313.
  • Krouse, J. P., & Kauffman, J. M. (1982). Minor physical anomalies in exceptional children: A review and critique of research: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology Vol 10(2) Jun 1982, 247-264.
  • Kvalem, I. L., von Soest, T., Roald, H. E., & Skolleborg, K. C. (2006). The interplay of personality and negative comments about appearance in predicting body image: Body Image Vol 3(3) Sep 2006, 263-273.
  • Kyle, D. J., & Mahler, H. I. M. (1996). The effects of hair color and cosmetic use on perceptions of a female's ability: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 20(3) Sep 1996, 447-455.
  • Labre, M. P., & Walsh-Childers, K. (2003). Friendly Advice? Beauty Messages in Web Sites of Teen Magazines: Mass Communication and Society Vol 6(4) 2003, 379-396.
  • Laessle, R. G., Tuschl, R. J., Waadt, S., & Pirke, K. M. (1989). The specific psychopathology of bulimia nervosa: A comparison with restrained and unrestrained (normal) eaters: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Vol 57(6) Dec 1989, 772-775.
  • Lambert, D. M. (1982). Mate recognition in members of the Drosophila nasuta complex: Animal Behaviour Vol 30(2) May 1982, 438-443.
  • Lash, S. (1991). Genealogy and the body: Foucault/Deleuze/Nietzsche. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Lau, P. W. C. (2006). The association between actual fatness, body ratings and appearance perception in children. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Lau, S. (1990). Crisis and vulnerability in adolescent development: Journal of Youth and Adolescence Vol 19(2) Apr 1990, 111-131.
  • Lau, S. (1991). "Crisis and vulnerability in adolescent development": Erratum: Journal of Youth and Adolescence Vol 20(5) Oct 1991, 561.
  • Lauzen, M. M., & Dozier, D. M. (2002). You look mahvelous: An examination of gender and appearance comments in the 1999-2000 prime-time season: Sex Roles Vol 46(11-12) Jun 2002, 429-437.
  • Lavin, M. A., & Cash, T. F. (2001). Effects of exposure to information about appearance stereotyping and discrimination on women's body images: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 29(1) Jan 2001, 51-58.
  • Lawrence, J. W., Fauerbach, J. A., & Thombs, B. D. (2006). A test of the moderating role of importance of appearance in the relationship between perceived scar severity and body-esteem among adult burn survivors: Body Image Vol 3(2) Jun 2006, 101-111.
  • Lee, K. M., Jung, Y., Kim, J., & Kim, S. R. (2006). Are physically embodied social agents better than disembodied social agents?: The effects of physical embodiment, tactile interaction, and people's loneliness in human-robot interaction: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies Vol 64(10) Oct 2006, 962-973.
  • Lee, P. A. (1996). Survey report: Concept of penis size: Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy Vol 22(2) Sum 1996, 131-135.
  • Lefebvre, P., Pons, J., Bellavoir, A., Roze, A., & et al. (1990). Psychological assistance to remedial and prosthetic surgery for facially-disfigured patients: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 148(1) Jan 1990, 75-77.
  • Legenbauer, T., Vocks, S., & Schutt-Stromel, S. (2007). Validation of a German version of the Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ): Diagnostica Vol 53(4) 2007, 218-225.
  • Leichner, R. (1983). Effect of type of interaction on perception and report of a person's characteristics: Zeitschrift fur Experimentelle und Angewandte Psychologie Vol 30(1) 1983, 105-125.
  • Lemaine, G., & Ben Brika, J. (1989). Identity and physical appearance: Stability and desirability: Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale Vol 2(3) Jul-Sep 1989, 325-338.
  • Lemaine, G., Ben Brika, J., & Bonnet, P. (1988). Identity and physical appearance of children in France: Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale Vol 1(2) 1988, 205-224.
  • Lenerz, K., Kucher, J. S., East, P. L., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (1987). Early adolescents' physical organismic characteristics and psychosocial functioning: Findings from the Pennsylvania Early Adolescent Transitions Study (PEATS). Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Lennon, S. J. (1986). Additivity of clothing cues in first impressions: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 14(1) 1986, 15-21.
  • Lennon, S. J., Lillethun, A., & Buckland, S. S. (1999). Attitudes toward Social Comparison as a Function of Self-Esteem: Idealized Appearance and Body Image: Family & Consumer Sciences Research Journal Vol 27(4) Jun 1999, 379-405.
  • Levine, G. M., Halberstadt, J. B., & Goldstone, R. L. (1996). Reasoning and the weighting of attributes in attitude judgments: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 70(2) Feb 1996, 230-240.
  • Levy, B. R., Slade, M. D., & Gill, T. M. (2006). Hearing Decline Predicted by Elders' Stereotypes: Journals of Gerontology: Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences Vol 61B(2) Mar 2006, P82-P87.
  • Lewandowski, G. W., Jr., & Sahner, D. F. (2005). The Influence of Past Relationships on Subsequent Relationships: The Role of the Self: Individual Differences Research Vol 3(4) Dec 2005, 269-275.
  • Lill, M. M., & Wilkinson, T. J. (2005). Judging a book by its cover: descriptive survey of patients' preferences for doctors' appearance and mode of address: BMJ: British Medical Journal Vol 331(7531) Dec 2005, 1524-1527.
  • Lin, C. A. (1998). Uses of sex appeals in prime-time television commercials: Sex Roles Vol 38(5-6) Mar 1998, 461-475.
  • Lindsay, R. C. (1986). Confidence and accuracy of eyewitness identification from lineups: Law and Human Behavior Vol 10(3) Sep 1986, 229-239.
  • Lindsay, R. C. L., Martin, R., & Webber, L. (1994). Default values in eyewitness descriptions: A problem for the match-to-description lineup foil selection strategy: Law and Human Behavior Vol 18(5) Oct 1994, 527-541.
  • Lindsay, R. C. L., Nosworthy, G. J., Martin, R., & Martynuck, C. (1994). Using mug shots to find suspects: Journal of Applied Psychology Vol 79(1) Feb 1994, 121-130.
  • Ling, C., Hwang, W., & Salvendy, G. (2007). A survey of what customers want in a cell phone design: Behaviour & Information Technology Vol 26(2) Mar 2007, 149-163.
  • Link, H. C. (1921). Review of A Psychological Study of Trade-Mark Infringement: Psychological Bulletin Vol 18(4) Apr 1921, 226-228.
  • Lintunen, T., Leskinen, E., Oinonen, M., Salinto, M., & et al. (1995). Change, reliability, and stability in self-perceptions in early adolescence: A four-year follow-up study: International Journal of Behavioral Development Vol 18(2) Jun 1995, 351-364.
  • Littleton, H., Breitkopf, C. R., & Berenson, A. (2005). Body image and risky sexual behaviors: An investigation in a tri-ethnic sample: Body Image Vol 2(2) Jun 2005, 193-198.
  • Littrell, J. M., & Littrell, M. A. (1982). American Indian and Caucasian students' preferences for counselors: Effects of counselor dress and sex: Journal of Counseling Psychology Vol 29(1) Jan 1982, 48-57.
  • Livingston, R. W. (2001). What you see is what you get: Systematic variability in perceptual-based social judgment: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 27(9) Sep 2001, 1086-1096.
  • Lizhu, Y., & Lihua, Z. (2005). A Study On the Structure of Self-Esteem in Children Aged from 3 to 9: Psychological Science (China) Vol 28(1) Jan 2005, 23-27.
  • Lledo, E. P., Sancho, L., & Waller, G. (2001). Relationships between objective physical characteristics and the use of weight control methods in adolescence: A mediating role for eating attitudes? : Eating and Weight Disorders Vol 6(3) Sep 2001, 148-156.
  • Lodge, J., & Feldman, S. S. (2007). Avoidant coping as a mediator between appearance-related victimization and self-esteem in young Australian adolescents: British Journal of Developmental Psychology Vol 25(4) Nov 2007, 633-642.
  • Loh, E. S. (1993). The economic effects of physical appearance: Social Science Quarterly Vol 74(2) Jun 1993, 420-438.
  • Loranger, M., Hardy, J., & Boily, C. (1982). Do physical appearance and behavioral difficulties influence the classification of 6th grade students in special education? : Apprentissage et Socialisation Vol 5(3-4) 1982, 181-186.
  • Lozano, R. D. (2006). A New Approach to Appearance Characterization: Color Research and Application Vol 31(3) Jun 2006, 164-167.
  • Lozano, R. D. (2007). "Appearance characterization: Alternate definitions": Reply: Color Research and Application Vol 32(3) Jun 2007, 236.
  • Lubker, J. R., Watson, J. C., II, Visek, A. J., & Geer, J. R. (2005). Physical appearance and the perceived effectiveness of performance enhancement consultants: The Sport Psychologist Vol 19(4) Dec 2005, 446-458.
  • Lukjanova, Z. N. (1989). Influence of self-appraisal of student's appearance on contacts with other people: Voprosy Psychologii No 3 1989, 71-75.
  • Lundgren, J. D., Anderson, D. A., & Thompson, J. K. (2004). Fear of negative appearance evaluation: Development and evaluation of a new construct for risk factor work in the field of eating disorders: Eating Behaviors Vol 5(1) Jan 2004, 75-84.
  • Lundy, J.-E., & Dubouis-Bonnefond, J.-C. (1988). Tattooing and the French Foreign Legion: Approach to a specific practice: Psychologie Medicale Vol 20(1) Jan 1988, 61-67.
  • Lyman, B., Hatlelid, D., & Macurdy, C. (1981). Stimulus-person cues in first-impression attraction: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 52(1) Feb 1981, 59-66.
  • Lynn, M., & Shurgot, B. A. (1984). Responses to lonely hearts advertisements: Effects of reported physical attractiveness, physique, and coloration: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 10(3) Sep 1984, 349-357.
  • MacGillivray, M. S., & Wilson, J. D. (1997). Clothing and appearance among early, middle and late adolescents: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 15(1) 1997, 43-49.
  • Machalow, S. (1984). Comments on the Matkin, Riggar, Puckett research article: Journal of Rehabilitation Administration Vol 8(2) Jun 1984, 53.
  • Mack, D., & Rainey, D. (1990). Female applicants' grooming and personnel selection: Journal of Social Behavior & Personality Vol 5(5) 1990, 399-407.
  • MacLeod, M. D., Frowley, J. N., & Shepherd, J. W. (1994). Whole body information: Its relevance to eyewitnesses. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Madanat, H. N., Hawks, S. R., & Brown, R. B. (2006). Validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 among a random sample of Jordanian women: Body Image Vol 3(4) Dec 2006, 421-425.
  • Maddern, L. H., Cadogan, J. C., & Emerson, M. P. (2006). 'Outlook': A Psychological Service for Children with a Different Appearance: Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry Vol 11(3) Jul 2006, 431-443.
  • Madson, L. (2000). Inferences regarding the personality traits and sexual orientation of physically androgynous people: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 24(2) Jun 2000, 148-160.
  • Magro, A. M. (1997). Why Barbie is perceived as beautiful: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 85(1) Aug 1997, 363-374.
  • Mahler, H. I. M., Fitzpatrick, B., Parker, P., & Lapin, A. (1997). The relative effects of a health-based versus an appearance-based intervention designed to increase sunscreen use: American Journal of Health Promotion Vol 11(6) Jul-Aug 1997, 426-429.
  • Mahler, H. I. M., Kulik, J. A., Gerrard, M., & Gibbons, F. X. (2006). Effects of Two Appearance-Based Interventions on the Sun Protection Behaviors of Southern California Beach Patrons: Basic and Applied Social Psychology Vol 28(3) Sep 2006, 263-272.
  • Mahler, H. I. M., Kulik, J. A., Gibbons, F. X., Gerrard, M., & Harrell, J. (2003). Effects of appearance-based intervention on sun protection intentions and self-reported behaviors: Health Psychology Vol 22(2) Mar 2003, 199-209.
  • Maier, R. (1987). Response to Ray's "Intolerance of ambiguity among psychologists." Sex Roles Vol 16(11-12) Jun 1987, 563.
  • Maier, R. A., & Lavrakas, P. J. (1984). Attitudes toward women, personality rigidity, and idealized physique preferences in males: Sex Roles Vol 11(5-6) Sep 1984, 425-433.
  • Malcarne, V. L., Hansdottir, I., Greenbergs, H. L., Clements, P. J., & Weisman, M. H. (1999). Appearance self-esteem in systemic sclerosis: Cognitive Therapy and Research Vol 23(2) Apr 1999, 197-208.
  • Mallon, G. P. (2001). Oh, Canada: The experience of working-class gay men in Toronto: Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services: Issues in Practice, Policy & Research Vol 12(3-4) 2001, 103-117.
  • Mandler, G. (2001). Apart from genetics: What makes monozygotic twins similar? : Journal of Mind and Behavior Vol 22(2) Spr 2001, 147-160.
  • Manning, J. T., & Anderton, R. H. (1998). Age difference between husbands and wives as a predictor of rank, sex of first child, and asymmetry of daughters: Evolution and Human Behavior Vol 19(2) Mar 1998, 99-110.
  • March, K. (2000). Who do I look like? Gaining a sense of self-authenticity through the physical reflections of others: Symbolic Interaction Vol 23(4) 2000, 359-373.
  • Marcus, R. F. (1987). Somatic indices of empathy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mariner, R., Jackson, A. W., Levitas, A., Hagerman, R. J., & et al. (1986). Autism, mental retardation, and chromosomal abnormalities: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Vol 16(4) Dec 1986, 425-440.
  • Markham, A., Thompson, T., & Bowling, A. (2005). Determinants of body-image shame: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 38(7) May 2005, 1529-1541.
  • Marsh, H. W., Asci, F. H., & Thomas, I. M. (2002). Multitrait-multimethod analyses of two physical self-concept instruments: A cross-cultural perspective: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 24(2) Jun 2002, 99-119.
  • Martin Ginis, K. A., Latimer, A. E., & Jung, M. E. (2003). No pain no gain? Examining the generalizability of the exerciser stereotype to moderately active and excessively active targets: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 31(3) 2003, 283-290.
  • Martin, J. J., Kliber, A., Kulinna, P. H., & Fahlman, M. (2006). Social physique anxiety and muscularity and appearance cognitions in college men: Sex Roles Vol 55(3-4) Aug 2006, 151-158.
  • Martin, K. A., & Mack, D. (1996). Relationships between physical self-presentation and sport competition trait anxiety: A preliminary study: Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology Vol 18(1) Mar 1996, 75-82.
  • Martinet, S., Budin, B., Trapet, P., & Gissselmann, A. (1989). Anxiety-depression-creativity-make-up: Esthetic phenomenon or symptom: Psychologie Medicale Vol 21(6) May 1989, 683-685.
  • Masip, J., Garrido, E., & Herrero, C. (2003). Facial appearance and judgments of credibility: The effects of facial babyishness and age on statement credibility: Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs Vol 129(3) Aug 2003, 269-311.
  • Mast, M. S., & Hall, J. A. (2006). Women's Advantage at Remembering Others' Appearance: A Systematic Look at the Why and When of a Gender Difference: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 32(3) Mar 2006, 353-364.
  • Mathur, P., & Singh, M. (1998). Audience anxiety as related to certain physical characteristics: Psycho-Lingua Vol 28(2) Jul 1998, 107-109.
  • Matkin, R. E., Riggar, T. F., & Puckett, F. D. (1984). Dressing for success from a rehabilitation perspective: Journal of Rehabilitation Administration Vol 8(2) Jun 1984, 49-52.
  • Matlon, R. J., Davis, J. W., Catchings, B. W., Derr, W. R., & et al. (1986). Factors affecting jury decision-making: Social Action & the Law Vol 12(2) 1986, 41-48.
  • Matthews, K. A., Salomon, K., Kenyon, K., & Zhou, F. (2005). Unfair Treatment, Discrimination, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Black and White Adolescents: Health Psychology Vol 24(3) May 2005, 258-265.
  • Mattson, S. N., Riley, E. P., Gramling, L., Delis, D. C., & Jones, K. L. (1998). Neuropsychological comparison of alcohol-exposed children with or without physical features of fetal alcohol syndrome: Neuropsychology Vol 12(1) Jan 1998, 146-153.
  • Matyjasiak, P., Jablonski, P. G., Olejniczak, I., Boniecki, P., & Lee, S. D. (2000). Examining the cost of experimentally imitated ornaments: Ethology Vol 106(7) Jul 2000, 665-668.
  • Matyjasiak, P., Jablonski, P. G., Olejniczak, I., Boniecki, P. I., & Lee, S. D. (1999). Foraging cost of a long tail ornament: An experiment with sand martin females: Ethology Vol 105(6) Jun 1999, 521-530.
  • Mazur, A. (1993). Signs of status in bridal portraits: Sociological Forum Vol 8(2) Jun 1993, 273-283.
  • Mazur, A., Mazur, J., & Keating, C. (1984). Military rank attainment of a West Point class: Effects of cadets' physical features: American Journal of Sociology Vol 90(1) Jul 1984, 125-150.
  • McAdams, T., Moussavi, F., & Klassen, M. (1992). Employee appearance and the Americans with Disabilities Act: An emerging issue? : Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal Vol 5(4) Dec 1992, 323-338.
  • McArthur, L. Z. (1982). Physical distinctiveness and self-attribution: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 8(3) Sep 1982, 460-467.
  • McArthur, L. Z., & Berry, D. S. (1987). Cross-cultural agreement in perceptions of babyfaced adults: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol 18(2) Jun 1987, 165-192.
  • McCabe, V. (1984). Abstract perceptual information for age level: A risk factor for maltreatment? : Child Development Vol 55(1) Feb 1984, 267-276.
  • McClannahan, L. E., McGee, G. G., MacDuff, G. S., & Krantz, P. J. (1990). Assessing and improving child care: A personal appearance index for children with autism: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis Vol 23(4) Win 1990, 469-482.
  • McDermid, S. A., Zucker, K. J., Bradley, S. J., & Maing, D. M. (1998). Effects of physical appearance on masculine trait ratings of boys and girls with gender identity disorder: Archives of Sexual Behavior Vol 27(3) Jun 1998, 253-267.
  • McElroy, J. C., & Morrow, P. C. (1994). Personal space, personal appearance, and personal selling: Psychological Reports Vol 74(2) Apr 1994, 425-426.
  • McKinley, N. M. (1998). Gender differences in undergraduates' body esteem: The mediating effect of objectified body consciousness and actual/ideal weight discrepancy: Sex Roles Vol 39(1-2) Jul 1998, 113-123.
  • McKinley, N. M., & Hyde, J. S. (1996). The objectified body consciousness scale: Development and validation: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 20(2) Jun 1996, 181-215.
  • McLachlan, A., & Cant, M. (1995). Small males are more symmetrical: Mating success in the midge Chironomus plumosos L. (Diptera: Chironomidae): Animal Behaviour Vol 50(3) Sep 1995, 841-846.
  • McLaren, L., & Kuh, D. (2004). Women's body dissatisfaction, social class, and social mobility: Social Science & Medicine Vol 58(9) May 2004, 1575-1584.
  • McRoy, R. G., & Grape, H. (1999). Skin color in transracial and inracial adoptive placements: Implications for special needs adoptions: Child Welfare Journal Vol 78(5) Sep-Oct 1999, 673-692.
  • McVey, G., Tweed, S., & Blackmore, E. (2005). Correlates of weight loss and muscle-gaining behavior in 10- to 14-year-old males and females: Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory Vol 40(1) Jan 2005, 1-9.
  • McVey, G. L., Pepler, D., Davis, R., Flett, G. L., & Abdolell, M. (2002). Risk and protective factors associated with disordered eating during early adolescence: Journal of Early Adolescence Vol 22(1) Feb 2002, 75-95.
  • Mearig, J. S. (1985). Facial surgery and an active modification approach for children with Down syndrome: Some psychological and ethical issues: Rehabilitation Literature Vol 46(3-4) Mar-Apr 1985, 72-77.
  • Mears, A., & Finlay, W. (2005). Not Just a Paper Doll: How Models Manage Bodily Capital and Why They Perform Emotional Labor: Journal of Contemporary Ethnography Vol 34(3) Jun 2005, 317-343.
  • Mehrabian, A., & Blum, J. S. (1997). Physical appearance, attractiveness, and the mediating role of emotions: Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social Vol 16(1) Spr 1997, 20-42.
  • Mehrabian, A., & Blum, J. S. (2003). Physical Appearance, Attractiveness, and the Mediating Role of Emotions. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
  • Meleddu, M., Scalas, L. F., & Guicciardi, M. (2002). Contribution to the Italian validation of the Physical Self-Descrption Questionnaire: Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata No 237 May-Aug 2002, 36-52.
  • Melia, J. (1995). An honest human body: Sexuality and the continuum of resistance: Women's Studies International Forum Vol 18(5-6) Sep-Dec 1995, 547-557.
  • Memon, A., & Gabbert, F. (2003). Unravelling the effects of sequential presentation in culprit-present lineups: Applied Cognitive Psychology Vol 17(6) Sep 2003, 703-714.
  • Menahem, S., & Shvartzman, P. (1998). Is our appearance important to our patients? : Family Practice Vol 15(5) Oct 1998, 391-397.
  • Mendelson, B. K., McLaren, L., Gauvin, L., & Steiger, H. (2002). The relationship of self-esteem and body esteem in women with and without eating disorders: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 31(3) Apr 2002, 318-323.
  • Merriam, A. E., Kay, S. R., Opler, L. A., & Hegarty, A. (1990). Dilapidation in schizophrenia: Relationship to negative syndrome and prefrontal impairment: Psychiatry Research Vol 34(2) Nov 1990, 221-222.
  • Merritt, L., Richards, A., & Davis, P. (2001). Performance anxiety: Loss of the spoken edge: Journal of Voice Vol 15(2) Jun 2001, 257-269.
  • Michelman, J. D., Eicher, J. B., & Michelman, S. O. (1991). Adolescent dress: I. Dress and body markings of psychiatric outpatients and inpatients: Adolescence Vol 26(102) Sum 1991, 375-385.
  • Miller, E. J., Smith, J. E., & Trembath, D. L. (2000). The "skinny" on body size requests in personal ads: Sex Roles Vol 43(1-2) Jul 2000, 129-141.
  • Miller, L. C., & Cox, C. L. (1982). For appearances' sake: Public self-consciousness and makeup use: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 8(4) Dec 1982, 748-751.
  • Minerbo, M., Khouri, M. G., Ajzenberg, R., & Grunberg, S. (1997). Women's beauty: A current theme in clinical practice: Revista Brasileira de Psicanalise Vol 31(3) 1997, 809-819.
  • Mirkin, R. (2001). Performing selfhood: The costumed body as a site of mediation between life, art and theatre in the English Renaissance. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Mondini, S., Favaro, A., & Santonastaso, P. (1996). Eating disorders and the ideal of feminine beauty in Italian newspapers and magazines: European Eating Disorders Review Vol 4(2) Jun 1996, 112-120.
  • Monro, F., & Huon, G. (2005). Media-Portrayed Idealized Images, Body Shame, and Appearance Anxiety: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 38(1) Jul 2005, 85-90.
  • Montanes, J. E. B., Sevilla, J. A. G., & Bermejo, M. T. A. (2002). Hygiene and personal appearance programme for the chronically mentally ill following psychosocial rehabilitation programmes. A preliminary study: Revista Psiquis Vol 23(3) 2002, 33-47.
  • Moorey, S. (2007). Breast cancer and body image. New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Morikawa, K. (2003). An application of the Muller-Lyer illusion: Perception Vol 32(1) 2003, 121-123.
  • Morris, T. L., Gorham, J., Cohen, S. H., & Huffman, D. (1996). Fashion in the classroom: Effects of attire on student perceptions of instructors in college classes: Communication Education Vol 45(2) Apr 1996, 135-148.
  • Moss, T., & Carr, T. (2004). Understanding adjustment to disfigurement: the role of the self-concept: Psychology & Health Vol 19(6) Dec 2004, 737-748.
  • Moss, T. P. (2005). The relationships between objective and subjective ratings of disfigurement severity, and psychological adjustment: Body Image Vol 2(2) Jun 2005, 151-159.
  • Muggleton, D. (2000). Inside subculture: The postmodern meaning of style. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Mukai, T., & Maruno, S. (2005). Developmental Changes in Folk Causal Theories About the Origin of Psychological Traits and Physical Characteristics: Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology Vol 53(1) Mar 2005, 98-109.
  • Mulkens, S., & Jansen, A. (2006). Veranderend van verschijningen: Cosmetische chirurgie en lichaamsdysmorphic stoornis: Netherlands Journal of Psychology Vol 62(1) Sep 2006, 34-41.
  • Muntaner, C., Eaton, W. W., Diala, C., Kessler, R. C., & Sorlie, P. D. (1998). Social class, assets, organizational control and the prevalence of common groups of psychiatric disorders: Social Science & Medicine Vol 47(12) Dec 1998, 2043-2053.
  • Muscarella, F., & Cunningham, M. R. (1996). The evolutionary significance and social perception of male pattern baldness and facial hair: Ethology & Sociobiology Vol 17(2) Mar 1996, 99-117.
  • Myers, P. N., Jr., Biocca, F. A., Wilson, G., Nias, D., Kaiser, S. B., Frank, M. G., et al. (1999). Appearance and adornment cues. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
  • Nagel, T. (1965). Physicalism: Philosophical Review 74(3) 1965, 339-356.
  • Nakamura, M. (2002). Relationship between anxiety and physical traits of facial expressions: Japanese Journal of Psychology Vol 73(2) Jun 2002, 140-147.
  • Neal, A. M., & Wilson, M. L. (1989). The role of skin color and features in the Black community: Implications for Black women and therapy: Clinical Psychology Review Vol 9(3) 1989, 323-333.
  • Negrin, L. (2006). Ornament and the feminine: Feminist Theory Vol 7(2) Aug 2006, 219-235.
  • Nelson, L. D., & Morrison, E. L. (2005). The Symptoms of Resource Scarcity: Judgments of Food and Finances Influence Preferences for Potential Partners: Psychological Science Vol 16(2) Feb 2005, 167-173.
  • Nevid, J. S. (1984). Sex differences in factors of romantic attraction: Sex Roles Vol 11(5-6) Sep 1984, 401-411.
  • Newman, G. (1982). The implications of tattooing in prisoners: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Vol 43(6) Jun 1982, 231-234.
  • Newman, P. M. (1986). Physical appearance as a variable in consultee perceptions of consultants: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Neziroglu, F., Khemlani-Patel, S., & Yaryura-Tobias, J. A. (2006). Body Dysmorphic Disorder. New York, NY: Springer Science + Business Media.
  • Niaura, R. S., Stroud, L. R., Todaro, J., Ward, K. D., Spiro, A., III, Aldwin, C., et al. (2003). Associations between repression, general maladjustment, body weight and body shape in older males: The normative aging study: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine Vol 10(3) Sep 2003, 221-238.
  • Nieri, T., Kulis, S., Keith, V. M., & Hurdle, D. (2005). Body image, acculturation, and substance abuse among boys and girls in the southwest: American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Vol 31(4) 2005, 617-639.
  • No authorship, i. (2004). Eating Disorders: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 35(2) Mar 2004, No Pagination Specified.
  • Noffsinger-Frazier, N. A. (2004). Objectification theory and disordered eating: The impact of feminist identification, internalization of sociocultural standards of appearance, and sexual orientation. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Noland, M. P. (1982). The efficacy of a new model to explain leisure exercise behavior: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Norman, D. A. (2004). Introduction to This Special Section on Beauty, Goodness, and Usability: Human-Computer Interaction Vol 19(4) Dec 2004, 311-318.
  • O'Brien, K. S., Hunter, J. A., Halberstadt, J., & Anderson, J. (2007). Body image and explicit and implicit anti-fat attitudes: The mediating role of physical appearance comparisons: Body Image Vol 4(3) Sep 2007, 249-256.
  • O'Dea, J. A. (2006). Self-concept, Self-esteem and Body Weight in Adolescent Females: A Three-year Longitudinal Study: Journal of Health Psychology Vol 11(4) Jul 2006, 599-611.
  • O'Donnell, K. A. (1996). Social comparison affect and its advertising implications. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Oguchi, T., & Kikuchi, H. (1997). Voice and interpersonal attraction: Japanese Psychological Research Vol 39(1) Mar 1997, 56-61.
  • Oh, K. Y. (2000). Body image and appearance management among older married dyads: Factors influencing body image in the aging process. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Okuno, S., & Harano, K. (1993). The effects of modeling in relaxation training: The effects of the appearance behavior and EMG: Japanese Journal of Behavior Therapy Vol 19(2) Sep 1993, 11-19.
  • Oldman, M. (1987). The application of Rational-Emotive Therapy to the middle-aged woman's distress about looking older: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Oliver, A., Pastor, A., & Tomas, J. M. (1996). Confirmatory factor analysis of multitrait-multimethod matrices applied to minimize the effect of method in self-esteem scales: Psicologemas Vol 10(20) 1996, 177-191.
  • O'Neal, M. F., Medlin, J., Walker, K. L., & Jones, L. R. (2002). Effects of participant ethnicity, target physiognomy, and target gender on college students' judgments of cheating: Journal of Black Psychology Vol 28(3) Aug 2002, 276-289.
  • Oniszczenko, W., & Rogucka, E. (1996). The twins zygosity diagnosis by means of the Questionnaire of Twins Physical Resemblance: Przeglad Psychologiczny Vol 39(1-2) 1996, 151-160.
  • Ormos, S. L., Rubiano, M. R., & Ferreira, M. C. (1993). Time sampling in the study of children's social organization in child-care centers: Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa Vol 9(1) Jan-Apr 1993, 173-191.
  • Osborn, D. R. (1996). Beauty is as beauty does? Makeup and posture effects on physical attractiveness judgments: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 26(1) Jan 1996, 31-51.
  • O'Toole, A. J., Vetter, T., & Blanz, V. (1999). Three-dimensional shape and two-dimensional surface reflectance contributions to face recognition: An application of three-dimensional morphing: Vision Research Vol 39(18) Sep 1999, 3145-3155.
  • Paff, J. L., & Lakner, H. B. (1997). Dress and the Female Gender Role in Magazine Advertisements of 1950-1994: A Content Analysis: Family & Consumer Sciences Research Journal Vol 26(1) Sep 1997, 29-58.
  • Panconesi, E., & Cossidente, A. (1986). Dermatological alterations, psychosomatic and sexual repercussions: Psychologie Medicale Vol 18(3) Mar 1986, 381-382.
  • Panfiorov, V. N. (1982). Cognitive standards and stereotypes in person perception: Voprosy Psychologii No 5 1982, 139-141.
  • Pang, V. O., Mizokawa, D. T., Morishima, J. K., & Olstad, R. G. (1985). Self-concepts of Japanese-American children: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol 16(1) Mar 1985, 99-109.
  • Pantaleo, G., & Internullo, N. (2005). The clothing that does the monk: Effects of the apparel on the degree of rispettabilita perceived in person with and without an academic title: Giornale Italiano di Psicologia Vol 32(2) May 2005, 407-414.
  • Park, J. H., Faulkner, J., & Schaller, M. (2003). Evolved Disease-Avoidance Processes and Contemporary Anti-Social Behavior: Prejudicial Attitudes and Avoidance of People with Physical Disabilities: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior Vol 27(2) Sum 2003, 65-87.
  • Parker, B. A. (2005). Review of The politics of women's bodies: Sexuality, appearance, and behavior (2nd ed.): Sexualities, Evolution & Gender Vol 7(3) Dec 2005, 297-300.
  • Parris, S. M. (1993). The effects of evaluative feedback from friends on subsequent evaluations made by the feedback recipient: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Passini, F. T., & Norman, W. T. (1966). A universal conception of personality structure? : Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 4(1) Jul 1966, 44-49.
  • Patrick, H., Neighbors, C., & Knee, C. R. (2004). Appearance-related social comparisons: The role of contingent self-esteem and self-perceptions of attractiveness: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 30(4) Apr 2004, 501-514.
  • Paulhus, D. L., & Martin, C. L. (1986). Predicting adult temperament from minor physical anomalies: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 50(6) Jun 1986, 1235-1239.
  • Pellegrini, R. J. (1989). Beardedness as a stimulus variable: Note on methodology and meta-analysis of impression-formation data: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 69(1) Aug 1989, 161-162.
  • Perlini, A. H., Marcello, A., Hansen, S. D., & Pudney, W. (2001). The effects of male age and physical appearance on evaluations of attractiveness, social desirability and resourcefulness: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 29(3) 2001, 277-287.
  • Perrett, D. I., Burt, D. M., Penton-Voak, I. S., Lee, K. J., Rowland, D. A., & Edwards, R. (1999). Symmetry and human facial attractiveness: Evolution and Human Behavior Vol 20(5) Sep 1999, 295-307.
  • Perrin, F. A. C. (1921). Physical Attractiveness and Repulsiveness: Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol 4(3) Jun 1921, 203-217.
  • Philips, A. (2004). Gendering Colour: Identity, Femininity and Marriage in Kerala: Anthropologica Vol 46(2) 2004, 253-272.
  • Phillips, M. J. (1990). Damaged goods: Oral narratives of the experience of disability in American culture: Social Science & Medicine Vol 30(8) 1990, 849-857.
  • Pine, D. S., Shaffer, D., Schonfeld, I. S., & Davies, M. (1997). Minor physical anomalies: Modifiers of environmental risks for psychiatric impairment? : Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 36(3) Mar 1997, 395-403.
  • Pino, R. D. (1996). The Exercise and Self-Esteem Model: Inclusion of physical acceptance in tests of model constructs. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Platek, S. M., Burch, R. L., Panyavin, I. S., Wasserman, B. H., & Gallup, G. G., Jr. (2002). Reactions to children's faces: Resemblance affects males more than females: Evolution and Human Behavior Vol 23(3) May 2002, 159-166.
  • Pliner, P., Chaiken, S., & Flett, G. L. (1990). Gender differences in concern with body weight and physical appearance over the life span: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 16(2) Jun 1990, 263-273.
  • Pokorny, S. B., Jason, L. A., Schoeny, M., Curie, C. J., & Townsend, S. M. (2002). Accurately estimating age: Implications for controlling youth access to tobacco. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Pollard, J., Shepherd, J., & Shepherd, J. (1999). Average faces are average faces: Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social Vol 18(1) Spr 1999, 98-103.
  • Porter, C. P. (1991). Social reasons for skin tone preferences of Black school-age children: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Vol 61(1) Jan 1991, 149-154.
  • Porter, J. R., & Beuf, A. H. (1988). Response of older people to impaired appearance: The effect of age on disturbance by vitiligo: Journal of Aging Studies Vol 2(2) Sum 1988, 167-181.
  • Porter, J. R., & Beuf, A. H. (1991). Racial variation in reaction to physical stigma: A study of degree of disturbance by vitiligo among Black and White patients: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 32(2) Jun 1991, 192-204.
  • Poulin-Dubois, D., & Serbin, L. A. (2006). Infants' knowledge about gender stereotypes and categories: Enfance Vol 58(3) 2006, 283-310.
  • Pozzulo, J. D., & Balfour, J. (2006). Children's and adults' eyewitness identification accuracy when a culprit changes his appearance: Comparing simultaneous and elimination lineup procedures: Legal and Criminological Psychology Vol 11(1) Feb 2006, 25-34.
  • Pozzulo, J. D., & Marciniak, S. (2006). Comparing identification procedures when the perpetrator has changed appearance: Psychology, Crime & Law Vol 12(4) Aug 2006, 429-438.
  • Pradheepram, L., & Littrell, M. A. (1993). Intercultural communication: Appearance as a factor in attributional confidence: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 11(2) Win 1993, 53-58.
  • Prentice-Dunn, S., Jones, J. L., & Floyd, D. L. (1997). Persuasive appeals and the reduction of skin cancer risk: The roles of appearance concern, perceived benefits of a tan, and efficacy information: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 27(12) Jun 1997, 1041-1047.
  • Pruzinsky, T., & Cash, T. F. (1990). Medical interventions for the enhancement of adolescents' physical appearance: Implications for social competence. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Puhl, R. M., & Boland, F. J. (2001). Predicting female attractiveness: Waist-to-hip ratio versus thinness: Psychology, Evolution & Gender Vol 3(1) Jun 2001, 27-46.
  • Putterman, E., & Linden, W. (2004). Appearance Versus Health: Does the Reason for Dieting Affect Dieting Behavior? : Journal of Behavioral Medicine Vol 27(2) Apr 2004, 185-204.
  • Rafaeli, A., & Kluger, A. N. (2000). Affetive reactions to physical appearance. Westport, CT: Quorum Books/Greenwood Publishing Group.
  • Ray, J. J. (1987). Intolerance of ambiguity among psychologists: A comment on Maier and Lavrakas: Sex Roles Vol 16(11-12) Jun 1987, 559-562.
  • Raygor, A. L., & Watley, D. J. (1965). Height and weight in relation to the development of vocational interests: Journal of Educational Research 59(2) 1965, 73-75.
  • Raymond, B., Unger, R., & Stone, S. (1972). To demand or not to demand: American Psychologist Vol 27(6) Jun 1972, 577-579.
  • Reas, D. L., Masheb, R. M., & Grilo, C. M. (2004). Appearance vs. Health Reasons for Seeking Treatment Among Obese Patients with Binge Eating Disorder: Obesity Research Vol 12(5) May 2004, 758-760.
  • Regan, P. C., & Llamas, V. (2002). Customer service as a function of shoppers' attire: Psychological Reports Vol 90(1) Feb 2002, 203-204.
  • Reilly, A., & Rudd, N. A. (2007). Stress and dress: Investigating the relationship between social anxiety and appearance management among gay and straight men: Journal of Homosexuality Vol 52(3-4) 2007, 151-166.
  • Reis, H. T., & Wheeler, L. (1987). Who is Fairest of Us All? : PsycCRITIQUES Vol 32 (10), Oct, 1987.
  • Reis, V. A., & Zaidel, D. W. (2001). Functional asymmetry in the human face: Perception of health in the left and right sides of the face: Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition Vol 6(3) Jul 2001, 225-231.
  • Reisfeld, S. (1999). The tattooed body: A gaze of adolescents with multiple tattoos: Revista de Psicoanalisis Vol 56(2) Apr-Jun 1999, 299-308.
  • Reiter, H. H., & Kirsch, A. L. (1986). Relative influence of income, occupation and appearance on rater judgments: Indian Psychological Review Vol 31(Spec Issue) Dec 1986, 1-3.
  • Rich, M. K., & Cash, T. F. (1993). The American image of beauty: Media representations of hair color for four decades: Sex Roles Vol 29(1-2) Jul 1993, 113-124.
  • Richards, L. (1988). The appearance of youthful subculture: A theoretical perspective on deviance: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 6(3) Spr 1988, 56-64.
  • Richardson, S. A., Koller, H., & Katz, M. (1985). Appearance and mental retardation: Some first steps in the development and application of a measure: American Journal of Mental Deficiency Vol 89(5) Mar 1985, 475-484.
  • Rieder, S., & Ruderman, A. (2001). Cognitive factors associated with binge and purge eating behaviors: The interaction of body dissatisfaction and body image importance: Cognitive Therapy and Research Vol 25(6) Dec 2001, 801-812.
  • Riese, M. L. (1984). Minor physical anomalies and behavior in neonates: Sex and gestational age differences: Journal of Pediatric Psychology Vol 9(2) Jun 1984, 257-266.
  • Riese, M. L. (2001). Discordant and nondiscordant twins: Comparative multimethod risk assessment in the neonatal period: Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics Vol 22(2) Apr 2001, 102-112.
  • Riggio, R. E., & Throckmorton, B. (1988). The relative effects of verbal and nonverbal behavior, appearance, and social skills on evaluations made in hiring interviews: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 18(4, Pt 2) Mar 1988, 331-348.
  • Ritter, J. M. (1991). The effects of appearance on adults' attributions of children's competence: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Roberts, T.-A., & Waters, P. L. (2004). Self-objectification and that "not so fresh feeling": Feminist therapeutic interventions for healthy female embodiment: Women & Therapy Vol 27(3-4) 2004, 5-21.
  • Robin, A. A., Copas, J. B., Jack, A. B., Kaeser, A. C., & et al. (1988). Reshaping the psyche: The concurrent improvement in appearance and mental state after rhinoplasty: British Journal of Psychiatry Vol 152 Apr 1988, 539-543.
  • Robinson, G. (1985). Class, race, and gender: A transcultural theoretical and sociohistorical analysis of cosmetic institutions and practices to 1920: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Robinson, J. L. (1993). African-American body images: The roles of racial identity and physical attributes: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Rolland, K., Farnill, D., & Griffiths, R. A. (1997). Body figure perceptions and eating attitudes among Australian schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 21(3) Apr 1997, 273-278.
  • Rollin, H. (2004). One hundred years ago: British Journal of Psychiatry Vol 185(5) Nov 2004, 439-440.
  • Rosenbaum, M. R. (1996). Psychological factors related to facial make-up use and their influence on dimensions of self-esteem. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Rosenberg, S. W., Bohan, L., McCafferty, P., & Harris, K. (1986). The image and the vote: The effect of candidate presentation on voter preference: American Journal of Political Science Vol 30(1) Feb 1986, 109-126.
  • Rosenberg, S. W., Kahn, S., & Tran, T. (1991). Creating a political image: Shaping appearance and manipulating the vote: Political Behavior Vol 13(4) Dec 1991, 345-367.
  • Rosenwasser, S. M., Adams, V., & Tansil, K. (1983). Visual attention as a function of sex and apparel of stimulus object: Who looks at whom? : Social Behavior and Personality Vol 11(2) 1983, 11-15.
  • Ross, C., & Regan, G. (2000). Allocare, predation risk, social structure and natal coat colour in anthropoid primates: Folia Primatologica Vol 71(1-2) Jan-Apr 2000, 67-76.
  • Roth, J. D. (1982). Applying the weighted-averaging model to perceived overt-covert relationships: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Roth, S. L. (1985). The effects of individual and group contingencies on the appearance of institutionalized psychiatric patients: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Rothblum, E. D. (1994). Lesbians and physical appearance: Which model applies? Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Rouanzoin, C. C. (1981). Personality and behavioral differences between tattooed and nontattooed prison inmates: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Rovet, J. (1995). Turner syndrome. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Rovet, J., & Buchanan, L. (1999). Turner syndrome: A cognitive neuroscience approach. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  • Roy, M. M., & Christenfeld, N. J. S. (2005). Dogs Still Do Resemble Their Owners: Psychological Science Vol 16(9) Sep 2005, 743-744.
  • Rubin, L. R., Nemeroff, C. J., & Russo, N. F. (2004). Exploring Feminist Women's Body Consciousness: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 28(1) Mar 2004, 27-37.
  • Rudd, N. A. (1996). Appearance and self-presentation research in gay consumer cultures: Issues and impact: Journal of Homosexuality Vol 31(1-2) 1996, 109-134.
  • Rudd, N. A., & Lennon, S. J. (1999). Social power and appearance management among women. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Rudd, N. A., & Lennon, S. J. (2000). Body image and appearance-management behaviors in college women: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 18(3) 2000, 152-162.
  • Rudd, N. A., & Lennon, S. J. (2001). Body image: Linking aesthetics and social psychology of appearance: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 19(3) 2001, 120-133.
  • Rumsey, N., Bull, R., & Gahagan, D. (1982). The effect of facial disfigurement on the proxemic behavior of the general public: Journal of Applied Social Psychology Vol 12(2) Mar-Apr 1982, 137-150.
  • Ruppenicker, M. R. A. (2002). Lesbian appearance stereotypes: A preliminary study of the personality characteristics of the butch femme dimension. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Russell, K. Y., Wilson, M., & Hall, R. E. (1992). The color complex: The politics of skin color among African Americans. San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Rutt, C. D., Garcia, K. A., & Coleman, K. J. (2002). The evaluation of a measurement model for the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale in a sample of young adult women of Mexican descent: Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences Vol 24(3) Aug 2002, 340-352.
  • Saddler, A. L., Hillman, S. B., & Benjamins, D. (1993). The influence of disabling condition visibility on family functioning: Journal of Pediatric Psychology Vol 18(4) Aug 1993, 425-439.
  • Saint-Aubin, A. F. (2002). A grammar of Black masculinity: A body of science: The Journal of Men's Studies Vol 10(3) Spr 2002, 247-270.
  • Saito, M. (1996). A cross-cultural study on preference for lightness of complexions: Comparison between Japan and Indonesia: Japanese Journal of Psychology Vol 67(3) Aug 1996, 204-213.
  • Samani, S. (2007). Important criteria for spouse selection in a sample of Iranian youth: Psychological Reports Vol 100(1) Feb 2007, 59-65.
  • Samson, A. C., & Huber, O. (2007). The interaction of cartoonist's gender and formal features of cartoons: Humor: International Journal of Humor Research Vol 20(1) 2007, 1-25.
  • Sanchez, D. T., & Kiefer, A. K. (2007). Body concerns in and out of the bedroom: Implications for sexual pleasure and problems: Archives of Sexual Behavior Vol 36(6) Dec 2007, 808-820.
  • Sato, W., & Murai, T. (2004). Characteristics of The Involvement of The Amygdala In The Recognition of Emotional Expressions: A Review of Neuropsychological Research: Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient Vol 47(2) Jun 2004, 125-142.
  • Saucier, M. G. (2004). Midlife and Beyond: Issues for Aging Women: Journal of Counseling & Development Vol 82(4) Fal 2004, 420-425.
  • Sawyer, G. J., Deak, V., Sarmiento, E., Milner, R., Johanson, D. C., Leakey, M., et al. (2007). The last human: A guide to twenty-two species of extinct humans. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Schanda, J. (2007). Letter to the editor--Appearance characterization: Alternate definitions: Color Research and Application Vol 32(3) Jun 2007, 235-236.
  • Scharlott, B. W., & Christ, W. G. (1995). Overcoming relationship-initiation barriers: The impact of a computer-dating system on sex role, shyness, and appearance inhibitions: Computers in Human Behavior Vol 11(2) Sum 1995, 191-204.
  • Schindler, R. M., & Holbrook, M. B. (1993). Critical periods in the development of men's and women's tastes in personal appearance: Psychology & Marketing Vol 10(6) Nov-Dec 1993, 549-564.
  • Schmidt, R. L. (1987). Correlations of acting out behaviors, personality types, and attitudes toward education: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Schouten, J. W. (1990). Selves in transition: The consumption of aesthetic plastic surgery: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Schuckit, M. A., & Duby, J. (1982). Alcohol-related flushing and the risk for alcoholism in sons of alcoholics: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Vol 43(10) Oct 1982, 415-418.
  • Schumacher, M., Corrigan, P. W., & Dejong, T. (2003). Examining Cues That Signal Mental Illness Stigma: Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology Vol 22(5) Oct 2003, 467-476.
  • Schwartz, D. J., Phares, V., Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Thompson, J. K. (1999). Body image, psychological functioning, and parental feedback regarding physical appearance: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 25(3) Apr 1999, 339-343.
  • Schwartz-Kenney, B. M., Bottoms, B. L., & Goodman, G. S. (1996). Improving children's person identification: Child Maltreatment Vol 1(2) May 1996, 121-133.
  • Schwer, R. K., & Daneshvary, R. (2000). Keeping up one's appearance: Its importance and the choice of type of hair-grooming establishment: Journal of Economic Psychology Vol 21(2) Apr 2000, 207-222.
  • Sczesny, S., & Kuhnen, U. (2004). Meta-cognition about biological sex and gender-stereotypic physical appearance: Consequences for the assessment of leadership competence: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 30(1) Jan 2004, 13-21.
  • Sczesny, S., Spreemann, S., & Stahlberg, D. (2006). Masculine = Competent? Physical Appearance and Sex as Sources of Gender-Stereotypic Attributions: Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie Vol 65(1) Mar 2006, 15-23.
  • Seidah, A., & Bouffard, T. (2007). Being proud of oneself as a person or being proud of one's physical appearance: What matters for feeling well in adolescence? : Social Behavior and Personality Vol 35(2) 2007, 255-268.
  • Seidah, A., Bouffard, T., & Vezeau, C. (2004). Self-perceptions of adolescents: Differences between girls and boys: Enfance Vol 56(4) Oct-Dec 2004, 405-420.
  • Seifert, T. (2005). Anthropomorphic Characteristics of Centerfold Models: Trends towards Slender Figures over Time: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 37(3) Apr 2005, 271-274.
  • Sekayi, D. (2003). Aesthetic Resistance to Commercial Influences: The Impact of the Eurocentric Beauty Standard on Black College Women: Journal of Negro Education Vol 72(4) Fal 2003, 467-477.
  • Serketich, W. J. (1996). Teachers' and parents' perceptions of the behavior of competent and dysfunctional children based on the children's physical appearance and affective expression. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Serketich, W. J., & Dumas, J. E. (1997). Adults' perceptions of the behavior of competent and dysfunctional children based on the children's physical appearance: Behavior Modification Vol 21(4) Oct 1997, 457-469.
  • Seyama, J. i., & Nagayama, R. S. (2002). Perceived eye size is larger in happy faces than in surprised faces: Perception Vol 31(9) 2002, 1153-1155.
  • Shannon, M. L., & Stark, C. P. (2003). The influence of physical appearance on personnel selection: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 31(6) 2003, 613-624.
  • Shaw, J. I., & Steers, W. N. (2001). Gathering information to form an impression: Attribute categories and information valence: Current Research in Social Psychology 6(1) Jan 2001, 1-21.
  • Shaw, J. M., Ebbeck, V., & Snow, C. M. (2000). Body composition and physical self-concept in older women: Journal of Women & Aging Vol 12(3-4) 2000, 59-75.
  • Shaw, W. C. (1988). Social aspects of dentofacial anomalies. Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Sherblom, P. R., & Rust, D. M. (2004). Body Image, Figure Rating, and Body Mass Index of Girls Enrolled in Health, Physical Education, or Athletics Classes: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 99(2) Oct 2004, 473-482.
  • Sherry, S. B., Hewitt, P. L., Lee-Baggley, D. L., Flett, G. L., & Besser, A. (2004). Perfectionism and Thoughts About Having Cosmetic Surgery Performed: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research Vol 9(4) 2004, 244-257.
  • Showers, C. J., & Larson, B. E. (1999). Looking at body image: The organization of self-knowledge about physical appearance and its relation to disordered eating: Journal of Personality Vol 67(4) Aug 1999, 659-700.
  • Sicalides, E. I. (2002). Expressive and instrumental personality traits, racial identity attitudes, and physical appearance among White female undergraduate and graduate students. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Silbereisen, R. K., & Kracke, B. (1997). Self-reported maturational timing and adaptation in adolescence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sinclair, S. L. (2001). Objectification experiences, sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, objectified body consciousness, and wellness in heterosexual Caucasian college women. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Sinclair, S. L. (2006). Object Lessons: A Theoretical and Empirical Study of Objectified Body Consciousness in Women: Journal of Mental Health Counseling Vol 28(1) Jan 2006, 48-69.
  • Singer, M. S., & Singer, A. E. (1985). The effect of police uniform on interpersonal perception: Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied Vol 119(2) Mar 1985, 157-161.
  • Singh, D., & Luis, S. (1995). Ethnic and gender consensus for the effect of waist-to-hip ratio on judgment of women's attractiveness: Human Nature Vol 6(1) 1995, 51-65.
  • Sinko, G. R., & Hedrick, D. L. (1982). The interrelationships between ratings of speech and facial acceptability in persons with cleft palate: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research Vol 25(3) Sep 1982, 402-407.
  • Sira, N. (2005). Body image: Relationship to attachment, body mass index and dietary practices among college students. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Skinner, S. L., & Chowdhary, U. (1998). Testing the myths of aging stereotyping: Reflection through clothing and appearance related information in a compendium: Educational Gerontology Vol 24(2) Mar 1998, 175-189.
  • Slaton, K. D. (2001). An investigation of the relationship between parental bonding and body image disturbance among male and female college students. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Slifer, K. J., Beck, M., Amari, A., Diver, T., Hilley, L., Kane, A., et al. (2003). Self-concept and satisfaction with physical appearance in youth with and without oral clefts: Children's Health Care Vol 32(2) Jun 2003, 81-101.
  • Smith, L. R., Burlew, A. K., & Lundgren, D. C. (1991). Black consciousness, self-esteem, and satisfaction with physical appearance among African-American female college students: Journal of Black Studies Vol 22(2) Dec 1991, 269-283.
  • Smolak, L., Levine, M. P., & Thompson, J. K. (2001). The use of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire with middle school boys and girls: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 29(2) Mar 2001, 216-223.
  • Smolak, L., & Stein, J. A. (2006). The relationship of drive for muscularity to sociocultural factors, self-esteem, physical attributes gender role, and social comparison in middle school boys: Body Image Vol 3(2) Jun 2006, 121-129.
  • Snyder, H. T. (2002). Self-esteem of children and adolescents who have a craniofacial anomaly. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Snyder, M., Berscheid, E., & Matwychuk, A. (1988). Orientations toward personnel selection: Differential reliance on appearance and personality: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 54(6) Jun 1988, 972-979.
  • Sommer, R. (1988). The personality of vegetables: Botanical metaphors for human characteristics: Journal of Personality Vol 56(4) Dec 1988, 665-683.
  • Soyland, J. (1997). Speaking the decorated body. Florence, KY: Taylor & Frances/Routledge.
  • Spangler, D. L. (2002). Testing the cognitive model of eating disorders: The role of dysfunctional beliefs about appearance: Behavior Therapy Vol 33(1) Win 2002, 87-105.
  • Spangler, D. L., & Stice, E. (2001). Validation of the Beliefs About Appearance Scale: Cognitive Therapy and Research Vol 25(6) Dec 2001, 813-827.
  • St.-Amand, P. (1992). Tales of adornment: Fictions of the feminine: Literature and Psychology Vol 38(3) 1992, 1-23.
  • Stanley, M. S. (1987). Children's appearance as a facilitator in person perception typology: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Stark-Wroblewski, K., Yanico, B. J., & Lupe, S. (2005). Acculturation, Internalization of Western Appearance Norms, and Eating Pathology Among Japanese and Chinese International Student Women: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 29(1) Mar 2005, 38-46.
  • Steen, S. N., Wadden, T. A., Foster, G. D., & Andersen, R. E. (1996). Are obese adolescent boys ignoring an important health risk? : International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 20(3) Nov 1996, 281-286.
  • Stein, D. J., Carey, P. D., & Warwick, J. (2006). Beauty and the Beast: Psychobiologic and Evolutionary Perspectives on Body Dysmorphic Disorder: CNS Spectrums Vol 11(6) Jun 2006, 419-422.
  • Stein, R. J. (1994). The assessment of physical self-concept in children: The development of the Children's Physical Self-Concept Scale. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Stein, R. J. (1996). Physical self-concept. Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Stein, R. J., Bracken, B. A., Haddock, C. K., & Shadish, W. R. (1998). Preliminary development of the Children's Physical Self-Concept Scale: Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics Vol 19(1) Feb 1998, 1-8.
  • Steinberg, A. R. (2004). The development and validation of the Thinness Expectancy Questionnaire (TEQ). Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Ste-Marie, D. (2003). Memory biases in gymnastic judging: Differential effects of surface feature changes: Applied Cognitive Psychology Vol 17(6) Sep 2003, 733-751.
  • Ste-Marie, D. (2004). Erratum: Applied Cognitive Psychology Vol 18(3) Apr 2004, 371.
  • Stewart, J. E. (1985). Appearance and punishment: The attraction-leniency effect in the courtroom: Journal of Social Psychology Vol 125(3) Jun 1985, 373-378.
  • Stice, E. (1994). Review of the evidence for a sociocultural model of bulimia nervosa and an exploration of the mechanisms of action: Clinical Psychology Review Vol 14(7) 1994, 633-661.
  • Stormer, S. M. (1999). The cross-gender effects of an experimental media-focused psychoeducation program. (body image). Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Strahan, E. J., Wilson, A. E., Cressman, K. E., & Buote, V. M. (2006). Comparing to perfection: How cultural norms for appearance affect social comparisons and self-image: Body Image Vol 3(3) Sep 2006, 211-227.
  • Striegel-Moore, R. H., & Kearney-Cooke, A. (1994). Exploring parents' attitudes and behaviors about their children's physical appearance: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 15(4) May 1994, 377-385.
  • Suda, C., & Call, J. (2005). Piagetian conservation of discrete quantities in bonobos (Pan paniscus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and orangutans (pongo pygmaeus): Animal Cognition Vol 8(4) Oct 2005, 220-235.
  • Sugiyama, L. S. (2005). Physical Attractiveness in Adaptationist Perspective. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Suppes, J. T. (1984). An investigation into the relationships among attractiveness ratings of face, body, total figure, voice and total attractiveness: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Sussman, S., Charlin, V. L., Marks, G., Freeland, J., & et al. (1990). Physical features, physical attractiveness, and psychological adjustment among alcohol abuse inpatients: International Journal of the Addictions Vol 25(8) 1990, 931-946.
  • Sutherland, A., & Karlinsky, H. (1989). Abrupt recognition of age-related physical changes in appearance following cataract surgery: A case report: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Vol 37(5) May 1989, 447-449.
  • Swami, V., Smith, J., Tsiokris, A., Georgiades, C., Sangareau, Y., Tovee, M. J., et al. (2007). Male Physical Attractiveness in Britain and Greece: A Cross-Cultural Study: Journal of Social Psychology Vol 147(1) Feb 2007, 15-26.
  • Szostak-Pierce, S. (1999). Even Furthur: The power of subcultural style in techno culture. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Tafarodi, R. W., Kang, S.-J., & Milne, A. B. (2002). When different becomes similar: Compensatory conformity in bicultural visible minorities: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol 28(8) Aug 2002, 1131-1142.
  • Talbot, J. F. (1988). Planning concerns relating to urban nature settings: The role of size and other physical features. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tamas, B., Petra, G., Panna, K., & Laszlo, B. (2003). Homogamy, Genetic Similarity, and Imprinting. The Impact of Parental Models on Mate Choice Preferences: Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle Vol 58(4) 2003, 473-494.
  • Tanaka, H., & Fukushima, M. (2002). Gender orientations to outward appearance in Japanese conversation: A study in grammar and interaction: Discourse & Society Vol 13(6) Nov 2002, 749-765.
  • Tanaka, K. (2004). Influences of friendship and appearance-related body consciousness on dieting in adolescent women: Japanese Journal of Health Psychology Vol 17(1) 2004, 29-37.
  • Tantleff-Dunn, S., Thompson, J. K., & Dunn, M. E. (1995). The Feedback on Physical Appearance Scale (FOPAS): Questionnaire development and psychometric evaluation: Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention Vol 3(4) Win 1995, 332-341.
  • Tate, S. (2007). Black beauty: Shade, hair and anti-racist aesthetics: Ethnic and Racial Studies Vol 30(2) Mar 2007, 300-319.
  • Taub, J. (2003). What Should I Wear? A Qualitative Look at the Impact of Feminism and Women's Communities on Bisexual Women's Appearance. New York, NY: Haworth Press.
  • Taylor, J. S. (1995). Developmental and personality differences between adherers and non-adherers of the dress and grooming standards at Brigham Young University. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • ten Cate, C., & Bateson, P. (1989). Sexual imprinting and a preference for "supernormal" partners in Japanese quail: Animal Behaviour Vol 38(2) Aug 1989, 356-358.
  • Terman, L. M. (1961). Mental and Physical Traits of a Thousand Gifted Children. East Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
  • Terry, R. L. (1981). Contextual similarities in subjective probabilities of rape and other events: Journal of Social Psychology Vol 113(2) Apr 1981, 293-294.
  • Tevendale, H. D. (2004). Physical appearance-related risk and protective factors for disordered eating among young adolescent White and African-American girls. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Thelen, T. H. (1983). Minority type human mate preference: Social Biology Vol 30(2) Sum 1983, 162-180.
  • Thomas, C. (2002). The socially constructed body: The relationship between attractiveness, judgments, and perceived judgments regarding appearance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Thomas, C. S., & Goldberg, D. P. (1995). Appearance, body image and distress in facial dysmorphophobia: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Vol 92(3) Sep 1995, 231-236.
  • Thomas, R. W. (1983). The relationship of expectancies, values, and situational variables to the production and maintenance of weight loss: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Thompson, A. R., Kent, G., & Smith, J. A. (2002). Living with vitiligo: Dealing with difference: British Journal of Health Psychology Vol 7(2) May 2002, 213-226.
  • Thompson, J. K. (2005). Shrek, attractivism, and appearance stereotypes: A make-ogre fairy tale, or happily ever after redux? : PsycCRITIQUES Vol 50 (3), 2005.
  • Thompson, J. K., Cattarin, J., Fowler, B., & Fisher, E. (1995). The Perception of Teasing Scale (POTS): A revision and extension of the Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale (PARTS): Journal of Personality Assessment Vol 65(1) Aug 1995, 146-157.
  • Thompson, J. K., Fabian, L. J., Moulton, D. O., Dunn, M. E., & et al. (1991). Development and validation of the Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale: Journal of Personality Assessment Vol 56(3) Jun 1991, 513-521.
  • Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., Altabe, M., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (1999). Appearance-related feedback. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., & Clarke, A. J. (2001). Treatment of body image disturbance in eating disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Thompson, J. K., Herbozo, S., Himes, S., & Yamamiya, Y. (2005). Effects of Weight-Related Teasing in Adults. New York, NY: Guilford Publications.
  • Thompson, J. K., Penner, L. A., & Altabe, M. N. (1990). Procedures, problems, and progress in the assessment of body images. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Thompson, J. K., van den Berg, P., Roehrig, M., Guarda, A. S., & Heinberg, L. J. (2004). The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale-3 (SATAQ-3): Development and Validation: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 35(3) Apr 2004, 293-304.
  • Thompson, S. C., Thomas, C., Rickabaugh, C. A., Tantamjarik, P., Otsuki, T., Pan, D., et al. (1998). Primary and secondary control over age-related changes in physical appearance: Journal of Personality Vol 66(4) Aug 1998, 583-605.
  • Thornhill, R., & Gangestad, S. W. (1994). Human fluctuating asymmetry and sexual behavior: Psychological Science Vol 5(5) Sep 1994, 297-302.
  • Thornhill, R., Gangestad, S. W., & Comer, R. (1995). Human female orgasm and mate fluctuating asymmetry: Animal Behaviour Vol 50(6) Dec 1995, 1601-1615.
  • Tiggemann, M. (2006). Nonreporting of Body Mass Index: A Research Note on the Interpretation of Missing Data: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 39(4) May 2006, 346-349.
  • Tiggemann, M., & Golder, F. (2006). Tattooing: An expression of uniqueness in the appearance domain: Body Image Vol 3(4) Dec 2006, 309-315.
  • Tiggemann, M., Hargreaves, D., Polivy, J., & McFarlane, T. (2004). A word-stem completion task to assess implicit processing of appearance-related information: Journal of Psychosomatic Research Vol 57(1) Jul 2004, 73-78.
  • Tiggemann, M., & Kenyon, S. J. (1998). The hairlessness norm: The removal of body hair in women: Sex Roles Vol 39(11-12) Dec 1998, 873-885.
  • Tignol, J., Biraben-Gotzamanis, L., Martin-Guehl, C., Grabot, D., & Aouizerate, B. (2007). Body dysmorphic disorder and cosmetic surgery: Evolution of 24 subjects with a minimal defect in appearance 5 years after their request for cosmetic surgery: European Psychiatry Vol 22(8) Nov 2007, 520-524.
  • Todorov, A., Mandisodza, A. N., Goren, A., & Hall, C. C. (2005). Inferences of Competence from Faces Predict Election Outcomes: Science Vol 308(5728) Jun 2005, 1623-1626.
  • Traub, A. C., & Orbach, J. (1964). Psychophysical studies of body-image: Archives of General Psychiatry 11(1) 1964, 53-66.
  • Travers, A. (1991). From "normal appearances" to "simulation" in interaction: Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour Vol 21(3) Sep 1991, 297-337.
  • Travis, C. B., Meginnis, K. L., & Bardari, K. M. (2000). Beauty, sexuality, and identity: The social control of women. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Travis, L. E., Malamud, W., & Thayer, L. R. (1934). The relationship between physical habitus and stuttering: The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology Vol 29(2) Jul 1934, 132-140.
  • Trejos Correia, L. M. (1986). Discrimination of peer characteristics: A longitudinal study: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Trixler, M., & Tenyi, T. (2000). Problems with the Waldrop scale: American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 157(3) Mar 2000, 486.
  • Tseelon, E. (1991). Women and the private domain: A symbolic interactionist perspective: Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour Vol 21(1) Mar 1991, 111-124.
  • Tull, R. I. (1986). The impact of a personal image seminar on the self concept and the improved appearance of selected senior Cooperative Office Education students: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Turner, A. S. (2001). Psychological correlates of objectified body consciousness in younger and older adolescent girls. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Turner, B. S. (1991). The discourse of diet. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Turner, B. S. (1991). Recent developments in the theory of the body. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Udry, J. R. (1965). Structural correlates of feminine beauty preferences in Britain and the United States: A comparison: Sociology & Social Research 49(3) 1965, 330-342.
  • Uyanwa, C. N., & Efoghe, G. B. (1989). Physical characteristics of selected mentally retarded Nigerian children and maternal and childhood experiences: Indian Journal of Behaviour Vol 13(4) Oct 1989, 20-29.
  • Vadocz, E. A. (2000). The psychobiological profile of competitive female figure skaters. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Vagt, G., Engelstadter, T., Schroder, N., & Veltrup, C. (1985). Level of education, sex and attitudes influencing problems of physicial appearance: Psychologische Beitrage Vol 27(2) 1985, 277-282.
  • Valentine, T., Darling, S., & Donnelly, M. (2004). Why are average faces attractive? The effect of view and averageness on the attractiveness of female faces: Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Vol 11(3) Jun 2004, 482-487.
  • Van de Vliet, P., Knapen, J., Onghena, P., Fox, K., Van Coppenolle, H., David, A., et al. (2002). Assessment of physical self-perceptions in normal Flemish adults versus depressed psychiatric: Personality and Individual Differences Vol 32(5) Apr 2002, 855-863.
  • van den Berg, P., Thompson, J. K., Obremski-Brandon, K., & Coovert, M. (2002). The tripartite influence model of body image and eating disturbance: A covariance structure modeling investigation testing the meditational role of appearance comparison: Journal of Psychosomatic Research Vol 53(5) Nov 2002, 1007-1020.
  • VanWeelden, K. (2002). Relationships between perceptions of conducting effectiveness and ensemble performance: Journal of Research in Music Education Vol 50(2) Sum 2002, 165-176.
  • Varni, J. W., Katz, E. R., Colegrove, R., & Dolgin, M. (1995). Perceived physical appearance and adjustment of children with newly diagnosed cancer: A path analytic model: Journal of Behavioral Medicine Vol 18(3) Jun 1995, 261-278.
  • Varni, J. W., & Setoguchi, Y. (1991). Correlates of perceived physical appearance in children with congenital/acquired limb deficiencies: Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics Vol 12(3) Jun 1991, 171-176.
  • Varni, J. W., & Setoguchi, Y. (1996). Perceived physical appearance and adjustment of adolescents with congenital/acquired limb deficiencies: A path-analytic model: Journal of Clinical Child Psychology Vol 25(2) Jun 1996, 201-208.
  • Vazquez, L. A., Garcia-Vazquez, E., Bauman, S. A., & Sierra, A. S. (1997). Skin color, acculturation, and community interest among Mexican American Students: A research note: Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences Vol 19(3) Aug 1997, 377-386.
  • Villa, G. (1988). Toxicomania, the law, and tatooing: Psichiatria e Psicoterapia Analitica Vol 7(2) Aug 1988, 244-256.
  • von Sydow, K., Henning, T., & Reimer, C. (1998). Stereotypes of psychotherapists: A content-analytical study of medical and psychology students: International Journal of Psychotherapy Vol 3(2) Jul 1998, 165-182.
  • Vrij, A., & Winkel, F. W. (1994). Perceptual distortions in cross-cultural interrogations: The impact of skin color, accent, speech style, and spoken fluency on impression formation: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol 25(2) Jun 1994, 284-295.
  • Wadden, T. A., Brown, G., Foster, G. D., & Linowitz, J. R. (1991). Salience of weight-related worries in adolescent males and females: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 10(4) Jul 1991, 407-414.
  • Wade, T. J. (1996). The relationships between skin color and self-perceived global, physical, and sexual attractiveness, and self-esteem for African Americans: Journal of Black Psychology Vol 22(3) Aug 1996, 358-373.
  • Wade, T. J., & Bielitz, S. (2005). The Differential Effect of Skin Color on Attractiveness, Personality Evaluations, and Perceived Life Success of African Americans: Journal of Black Psychology Vol 31(3) Aug 2005, 215-236.
  • Wagenbach, P. (2003). Lesbian Body Image and Eating Issues: Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality Vol 15(4) 2003, 205-227.
  • Walther, J. B., Van Der Heide, B., Kim, S.-Y., Westerman, D., & Tong, S. T. (2008). The role of friends' appearance and behavior on evaluations of individuals on facebook: Are we known by the company we keep? : Human Communication Research Vol 34(1) Jan 2008, 28-49.
  • Wang, P. Z., & Waller, D. S. (2006). Measuring Consumer Vanity: A Cross-Cultural Validation: Psychology & Marketing Vol 23(8) Aug 2006, 665-687.
  • Wapnick, J., Mazza, J. K., & Darrow, A. A. (2000). Effects of performer attractiveness, stage behavior, and dress on evaluation of children's piano performances: Journal of Research in Music Education Vol 48(4) Win 2000, 323-336.
  • Warhurst, C., & Nickson, D. (2007). Employee experience of aesthetic labour in retail and hospitality: Work, Employment and Society Vol 21(1) Mar 2007, 103-120.
  • Warner, R. M., & Sugarman, D. B. (1986). Attributions of personality based on physical appearance, speech, and handwriting: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 50(4) Apr 1986, 792-799.
  • Warren, C. S., Gleaves, D. H., Cepeda-Benito, A., del Carmen Fernandez, M., & Rodriguez-Ruiz, S. (2005). Ethnicity as a Protective Factor against Internalization of a Thin Ideal and Body Dissatisfaction: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 37(3) Apr 2005, 241-249.
  • Warren, K. R., & Foudin, L. L. (2001). Alcohol-related birth defects: The past, present, and future: Alcohol Research & Health Vol 25(3) 2001, 153-158.
  • Wedell, D. H., & Pettibone, J. C. (1999). Preference and the contextual basis of ideals in judgment and choice: Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Vol 128(3) Sep 1999, 346-361.
  • Weiller, F. D. (2000). Facing middle age: Women, aging and the loss of youthful physical appearance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Weinberg, M. S., & Williams, C. J. (2005). Fecal matters: Habitus, embodiments, and deviance: Social Problems Vol 52(3) Aug 2005, 315-336.
  • Weinstein, D. D., Diforio, D., Schiffman, J., Walker, E., & Bonsall, R. (1999). Minor physical anomalies, dermatoglyphic asymmetries, and cortisol levels in adolescents with schizotypal personality disorder: American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 156(4) Apr 1999, 617-623.
  • Weiss, M. (1998). Parents' rejection of their appearance-impaired newborns: Some critical observations regarding the social myth of bonding: Marriage & Family Review Vol 27(3-4) 1998, 191-209.
  • Whalen, M. (2005). Book Reviews: Feminism: Issues and Arguments: Psychology of Women Quarterly Vol 29(1) Mar 2005, 115-116.
  • Wickham, L. H. V., & Morris, P. E. (2003). Attractiveness, distinctiveness, and recognition of faces: Attractive faces can be typical or distinctive but are not better recognized: American Journal of Psychology Vol 116(3) Fal 2003, 455-468.
  • Wilde, N. (1898). Beauty and ugliness: Psychological Review Vol 5(1) Jan 1898, 103-104.
  • Wilhelm, P. (2000). Mitigating college women's self-esteem regarding their physical appearance: An experiment in advertisement impact and media literacy. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Wilhelm, S. (2006). Feeling good about the way you look: A program for overcoming body image problems. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Williams, A. L. (2001). The role of skin color in African-American mother/daughter relationships: A dynamic review. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Williams, E. F. (2004). Positive body image: Precursors, correlates, and consequences. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Williams, K. (1998). Tattos, scars, body adornment and dishevelment in an acute psychiatric population: Psychiatric Bulletin Vol 22(2) Feb 1998, 94-96.
  • Wilson, J. M. B., Tripp, D. A., & Boland, F. J. (2005). The relative contributions of waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index to judgements of attractiveness: Sexualities, Evolution & Gender Vol 7(3) Dec 2005, 245-267.
  • Wilson, P. M., & Rodgers, W. M. (2002). The relationship between exercise motives and physical self-esteem in female exercise participants: An application of self-determination theory: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research Vol 7(1) 2002, 30-43.
  • Wise, S. E., & Jaeger, R. G. (1998). The influence of tail autotomy on agonistic behaviour in a territorial salamander: Animal Behaviour Vol 55(6) Jun 1998, 1707-1716.
  • Wojciszke, B. (1979). Development of person perception: Psychologia Wychowawcza Vol 22(4) 1979, 444-457.
  • Woo, W. N. (2007). Age and gender differences in perception of facial attractiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Wood, D. R. (1986). Self-perceived masculinity between bearded and nonbearded males: Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol 62(3) Jun 1986, 769-770.
  • Wood, K. C. (1997). Appearance schema: Interpretation and recall of evaluatively neutral appearance-related commentary. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Wood, W., & Eagly, A. H. (2007). Social Structural Origins of Sex Differences in Human Mating. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Woodson, K. M. (2002). The impact of hair texture and skin color among African American men and women during mate selection on the expression of risky sexual behaviors (immune deficiency). Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Workman, J. E. (1982). Effects of appropriate and inappropriate attire on attributions of personal dispositions: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Workman, J. E., Arseneau, N. E., & Ewell, C. J. (2004). Traits and Behaviors Assigned to an Adolescent Wearing an Alcohol Promotional T-Shirt: Family & Consumer Sciences Research Journal Vol 33(1) Sep 2004, 62-80.
  • Workman, J. E., & Johnson, K. K. (1991). The role of cosmetics in impression formation: Clothing & Textiles Research Journal Vol 10(1) Fal 1991, 63-67.
  • Worobey, J. (2002). Interpersonal versus intrafamilial predictors of maladaptive eating attitudes in young women: Social Behavior and Personality Vol 30(5) 2002, 423-434.
  • Yamamiya, Y. (2007). Media exposure and males' evaluation of the appearance of females. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Yarmey, A. D. (1985). Older and younger adults' attributions of responsibility toward rape victims and rapists: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des Sciences du comportement Vol 17(4) Oct 1985, 327-338.
  • Yeo, R. A., Gangestad, S. W., & Daniel, W. F. (1993). Hand preference and developmental instability: Psychobiology Vol 21(2) Jun 1993, 161-168.
  • Yogo, M., Hama, H., Tsuda, K., Suzuki, Y., & et al. (1990). Effects of use of cosmetics on women's psychological well-being: Japanese Journal of Health Psychology Vol 3(1) Jun 1990, 28-32.
  • Yokota, M., Shimizu, O., Aoki, E., & Ikeda, E. (2000). Impression of personality and physical characteristics in schizophrenic faces: Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry) Vol 42(1) Jan 2000, 37-44.
  • Yoo, J.-J. (2006). Appearance-related teasing and self-objectification of ethnically diverse adolescent girls. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Yoo, J.-J., & Johnson, K. K. P. (2007). Effects of appearance-related testing on ethnically diverse adolescent girls: Adolescence Vol 42(166) Sum 2007, 353-380.
  • Yoshimura, S. M. (2003). An evolutionary approach to communicating vengeance in romantic relationships. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Young, M. (1999). Dressed to commune, dressed to kill: Changing police imagery in England and Wales. New York, NY: Berg.
  • Young-Hyman, D., Schlundt, D. G., Herman-Wenderoth, L., & Bozylinski, K. (2003). Obesity, Appearance, and Psychosocial Adaptation in Young African American Children: Journal of Pediatric Psychology Vol 28(7) Oct 2003, 463-472.
  • Zachariah, M., & Moreno, R. (2006). Finding My Place: The Use of Sociometric Choice and Sociodrama for Building Community in the School Classroom: Journal of Group Psychotherapy, Psychodrama & Sociometry Vol 58(4) Win 2006, 157-167.
  • Zajonc, R. B., Adelmann, P. K., Murphy, S. T., & Niedenthal, P. M. (1987). Convergence in the physical appearance of spouses: Motivation and Emotion Vol 11(4) Dec 1987, 335-346.
  • Zebrowitz, L. A., Andreoletti, C., Collins, M. A., Lee, S. Y., & Blumenthal, J. (1998). Bright, bad, babyfaced boys: Appearance stereotypes do not always yield self-fulfilling prophecy effects: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol 75(5) Nov 1998, 1300-1320.
  • Zebrowitz, L. A., Brownlow, S., & Olson, K. (1992). Baby talk to the babyfaced: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior Vol 16(3) Fal 1992, 143-158.
  • Zebrowitz, L. A., & Collins, M. A. (1997). Accurate social perception at zero acquaintance: The affordances of a Gibsonian approach: Personality and Social Psychology Review Vol 1(3) 1997, 204-223.
  • Zebrowitz, L. A., & Montepare, J. M. (2005). Appearance DOES Matter: Science Vol 308(5728) Jun 2005, 1565-1566.
  • Zipkin, D. (1999). The myth of the short-haired lesbian: Journal of Lesbian Studies Vol 3(4) 1999, 91-101.

Dissertations[]

  • Adams, C. L. (1981). The influence of counselor race, attire, and speech style on Black juvenile delinquents' perception of counselor attractiveness and ability to be warm, empathic, and genuine: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Allen, C. A. (2003). Stereotypes in retail print advertising: The effects of gender and physical appearance on consumer perceptions. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Ancheta, R. W. (2000). Saving face: Women's experiences with cosmetic surgery. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Bacher, N. W. (1984). The effect of skin color and physiognomy on the racial preference of White and Black preschool females: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Barta, J. (2002). Media effects of the body shape ideal and bulimic symptomatology in males. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Beausoleil, N. (1992). Appearance work: Women's everyday makeup practices: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Berkun, C. S. (1982). Perception of changing appearance, aging and mood in middle aged women: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Boardway, R. H. (1995). Social dominance among English adolescent boys. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering
  • Boldrick, L. N. (1983). The relationship between global self-esteem and important components of the self-concept: A test of the principle of psychological centrality: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Boykin-Johnson, K. M. (1997). The relationship of skin color to ethnic identity, self-esteem and social competence among African American young adults. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Braitman, K. A. (2002). Relationships among body satisfaction, appearance schemas, early maladaptive schemas, and sociocultural attitudes towards appearance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Brown, K. T. (1999). Skin tone bias and African-American well-being: A dual influence model approach. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Brownlow, S. (1990). The interactive effects of facial appearance and credibility information on attitude change: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Bruner, S. L. (2007). A phenomenological study of African-American women's perceptions of their physical and cultural selves. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Burton, H. A. (2007). Differences in attitudes toward appearance and appearance anxiety between young adult women of African American and Caucasian descent. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Buxenbaum, K. U. (1996). Racial identity development and its relationship to physical appearance and self-esteem in adults with one black and one white biological parent. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Callahan, D. J. (1993). A phenomenological study of the experience of bodybuilding: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Callow, J. L. (2005). Adult women's experience of their bodies: The connection between perceived control, physical appearance, feminist ideology, and body image satisfaction. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Caluza, K. T. (2000). A psychoeducational support group for multiracial adolescents: A twelve-session treatment manual. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Camacho-Gonsalves, T. (2002). Depressive symptomatology among Dominicans: Links to acculturative and economic stressors, skin tone, and perceived discrimination. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Cattarin, J. A. (1997). The impact of televised images of thinness and attractiveness on body image: The role of social comparison. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Charlton, M. L. O. (2001). Parenting type and level of identity development as predictors of permanent body modification. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Cheng, C. C.-P. (2003). Acculturation, locus of control, and self-concept among first-generation Chinese-American adolescents. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Cheng, C.-Y. (2001). Acculturation and cultural value orientations of immigrant chinese americans: Effects on body image, aesthetics for appearance, and involvement in dress. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences
  • Chocron, N. N. (1991). The relationship between self-esteem, satisfaction with physical appearance, locus-of-control, and career aspirations among high school and college female students: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Christman, L. A. (1989). Impact of physical disability and dress on perceptions of female job applicants: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Colbert, J. A. (1981). The effect of evaluation apprehension on attitude change "in the presence of a police uniform." Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Coolican, C. R. (2000). The effect of television programming that emphasizes beauty/thinness on women's body image and self-esteem. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Cornide, C. R. (1995). The effects of body image in women. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Cowell, A. J. (2002). Increasing the credibility of anthropomorphic computer characters: The effects of manipulating nonverbal interaction style and demographic embodiment. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Cox, K. S. (2004). Social norm emergence and the thin body norm. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Dolber, A. (1981). The role of dress in the formation of first impressions: An investigation of psychological dimensions of discrimination: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Dunn, S. T. (1996). The relationship between body image anxiety and selective attention to appearance-related information. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Econom, E. J. (1994). Women's level of public self-consciousness and level of traditional sex role orientation and ideas about beauty for themselves and women in general. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Eitel, B. J. (2003). Body image satisfaction, appearance importance, and self-esteem: A comparison of Caucasian and African-American women across the adult lifespan. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Engstrom, E. J. (1992). Effects of sex and appearance on ratings of source credibility: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Evans, R. R. (1997). The influence of social identity on sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and weight preoccupation among college females. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Fehr, A. J. (1989). Association bias and appearance similarity in impression formation: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Fidler, D. J. (2001). Parental vocalization patterns and perceived maturity in Down syndrome. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Gearhart, J. M. (1996). Self-concept in adult women: A multidimensional approach. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Giblin, A. A. (2004). Adolescent girls' appearance conversations: Evaluation, pressure and coping. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Gold, G. C. (1983). Intelligence, job preparation, social skills and dress as predictive indices of the employability of White mentally retarded males: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Gold, M. E. (1999). The effects of the physical features associated with albinism on the self-esteem of African-American youth with albinism. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Gorum, W. J. (1982). The relationship between skin color and self-concept among University of Maryland Black students: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Grams, G. R. (1997). Self-deception in perception of personal appearance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Greenleaf, C. A. (2001). Self-objectification among physically active women: Negative psychological and behavioral correlates. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Hansen, M. B. (2005). A discourse-based account of young children's understanding of the appearance-reality problem. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Harris, B. F. (1992). Children of a lesser god: Parental acceptance of normal-appearing, mentally retarded progeny: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Haubrich, K. A. (1996). The development of an instrument to measure maternal perceptions of the physical appearance of their infants at birth. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Heinberg, L. J., Thompson, J. K., & Stormer, S. (1995). Development and validation of the sociocultural attitudes towards appearance questionnaire: International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 17(1) Jan 1995, 81-89.
  • Heller, G. (1991). Effects of deviant disabled appearance on bystander cooperation: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Hill, C. P. (1983). The effect of physical appearance and contact on the attitude of regular students toward the integration of the mentally retarded: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Hill, E. M. (1984). Ornamentation and physical attractiveness: The influence of physique and status displays on physical, marital, and sexual attractiveness: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Holle, C. V. (1999). Male body image: An examination of the cognitive and behavioral effects of self-perceived overweight and underweight in college men. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Horowitz, S. B. (1983). Social and psychological effects of changing physical appearance: A before and after study of rhinoplasty patients: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Hung, Y. G. (1996). Cultural diversity, self-efficacy, and affirmative action: Toward an understanding of Asian-American career outcomes in the American workplace. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Imarogbe, K. A. (2004). Perceived racism, Afrocentrism, and black racial identity as predictors of body dissatisfaction in Black Americans. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Jarvie, G. J. (1983). Social rejection of the obese as a function of situational and appearance factors: The influence of body build on social approach in the ninth grade: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • John, D. H. (2004). Objectified body consciousness: A theory-to-practice approach. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Johnson, T. W. (2005). Appearance management, dress, and personality. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Kallen, R. W. (2006). Self-objectification and the unattainable ideal: Appearance ideals, discrepancies, and perceptions of attainability. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Katz, W. A. (2005). An examination of the relationship between physical appearance, personality, internalization of sociocultural norms, and anxiety about aging among middle-aged White women. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Kaufman, M. A. (2006). Adolescent girls' appearance satisfaction and the media: The roles of the esteem relevance of and perceived control over attractiveness in responses to social comparisons. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Kavkewitz, M. (1983). Assessment of Life Skills training in communication, appearance, physical fitness, and health maintenance as a substance abuse prevention program for secondary school students: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Kenney, K. E. (1998). Awareness of and preference for physical characteristics among Caucasian kindergarten children. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Kittler, J. E. (2003). Print media exposure as a predictor of disordered eating: The role of self-objectification, body shame, and appearance responsibility. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Knieps, L. J. (1997). Parents' and unrelated adults' reports of infant-parent resemblance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Krakauer, I. D. (2004). Physical appearance as a manifestation of lesbian identity. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Krishen, A. S. (2007). When comparison becomes contrast: Choice in an oppositional framework. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Lacroce, J. F. (2005). Body consciousness and affect in homosexual men: The impact of perceived control. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Lancelotta, K. C. (2000). Sociocultural factors associated with the incidence of disordered eating among college students. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Lazer, J. J. (1997). Impaired awareness of physical attributes in children with acquired brain injury. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Leblanc, V. R. (2003). The influence of a tentative diagnosis on the identification of features from patient appearance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Lee, Y.-J. (2001). The influence of advertisements of products aimed at appearance management on consumers' body image: Social comparison with media models. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Lennon, S. J. (1982). The manner in which physical appearance cues have an impact on impression formation: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Lerma, J. L. (1983). Mexican Americans' perceptions of differential Chicano psychotherapist characteristics: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Lyell, J. M. (2002). The impact of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and media-body images on women's concern about weight. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Maida, D. M. (2004). The classification of muscle dysmorphia. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Mallin, K. S. (2003). Characteristics and predictors of psychosocial dysfunction in a pediatric dermatology clinic population. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Mallory, M. L. (2004). The meaning of skin tone for African American adolescents in the millennium. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Mautner, R. D. A. (1999). Cross-cultural explanations of body image disturbance. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • McCall, M. (1987). Integration of the severely handicapped: A case study: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • McLeod, L. E. (2002). Which way do I look? Early adolescent appearance satisfaction: Competing pressures in family and peer relationships. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Meceda, E. C. (1996). In pursuit of an illusion: Effects of the mass media ideal of beauty on women's body image. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Mercury, M. (2001). Pagan fleshworks: A depth psychological study of contemporary body modification. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
  • Miles, H. E. (1981). Effective personal presentation in job interviews: Dissertation Abstracts International.
  • Myers, O. L. (1996). Effects of interscholastic athletic involvement on the personal development of black male high school students. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.
  • Nentl, N. J. (1999). Media cultivation: The impact of the media on beliefs and attitudes about beauty. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences.

External links[]




This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).
Advertisement