(ref) |
(tiddy refs) |
||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
When soldiers were asked to rate their commanding officers in an early [[psychology]] experiment conducted by [[Edward L. Thorndike]], he found high cross-correlation between all positive and all negative traits. People seem to rarely think of each other in mixed terms; instead we seem to see them as universally roughly good or roughly bad across all categories of measurement. [[Solomon Asch]] also performed research in this area. |
When soldiers were asked to rate their commanding officers in an early [[psychology]] experiment conducted by [[Edward L. Thorndike]], he found high cross-correlation between all positive and all negative traits. People seem to rarely think of each other in mixed terms; instead we seem to see them as universally roughly good or roughly bad across all categories of measurement. [[Solomon Asch]] also performed research in this area. |
||
| − | A common example of the halo effect is when a person is assumed to be smart because he or she is wearing |
+ | A common example of the halo effect is when a person is assumed to be smart because he or she is wearing spectacles. Another is that good-looking schoolchildren (or a good looking person versus a more plain looking person) are assumed to be more clever. |
| − | In [[marketing]], a halo effect is one where the perceived positive features of a particular item extend to a broader brand. It has been used to describe how the |
+ | In [[marketing]], a halo effect is one where the perceived positive features of a particular item extend to a broader brand. It has been used to describe how the iPod has had positive effects on perceptions of Apple Computer's other products. |
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
* [[List of cognitive biases]] |
* [[List of cognitive biases]] |
||
| − | ==References== |
||
| − | * Asch, S. E. (1946). "Forming impressions of personality." ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'' 41, 258-290 |
||
| − | * Thorndike, E. L. (1920). "A Constant Error on Psychological Rating." ''Journal of Applied Psychology'', vol. IV, 25-29 |
||
| − | [[Category:cognitive biases]] |
||
| − | [[Category:Educational psychology]] |
||
| − | [[Category:Social psychology]] |
||
| − | |||
| − | [[de:Halo (Psychologie)]] |
||
| − | [[ja:ハロー効果]] |
||
| − | [[fi:Halo-efekti]] |
||
| − | [[ja:ハロー効果]] |
||
| − | [[fi:Halo-efekti]] |
||
==References== |
==References== |
||
* Asch, S. E. (1946). "Forming impressions of personality." ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'' 41, 258-290 |
* Asch, S. E. (1946). "Forming impressions of personality." ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'' 41, 258-290 |
||
Revision as of 21:21, 2 March 2007
Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods |
Statistics |
Clinical |
Educational |
Industrial |
Professional items |
World psychology |
Social psychology: Altruism · Attribution · Attitudes · Conformity · Discrimination · Groups · Interpersonal relations · Obedience · Prejudice · Norms · Perception · Index · Outline
The 'Halo effect' is when a person's perception of another is influenced by their appearance. Most commonly attractive people are judged as having a more desirable personality than someone of average appearance.
When soldiers were asked to rate their commanding officers in an early psychology experiment conducted by Edward L. Thorndike, he found high cross-correlation between all positive and all negative traits. People seem to rarely think of each other in mixed terms; instead we seem to see them as universally roughly good or roughly bad across all categories of measurement. Solomon Asch also performed research in this area.
A common example of the halo effect is when a person is assumed to be smart because he or she is wearing spectacles. Another is that good-looking schoolchildren (or a good looking person versus a more plain looking person) are assumed to be more clever.
In marketing, a halo effect is one where the perceived positive features of a particular item extend to a broader brand. It has been used to describe how the iPod has had positive effects on perceptions of Apple Computer's other products.
The halo effect may or may not have anything to do with the physical appearance of the person. It is equally applicable to any attribute one holds as valuable. A person who is good at “X” is deemed to be good at “Y” even if the two items are not related. Of course, the halo effect does not actually confer accuracy, it simply addresses that the reasoning is flawed
See also
References
- Asch, S. E. (1946). "Forming impressions of personality." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 41, 258-290
- Thorndike, E. L. (1920). "A Constant Error on Psychological Rating." Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. IV, 25-29
- Nisbett, R. E., and Wilson, T. D. (1977). The halo effect: Evidence for unconscious alternation of judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 250-256.
| This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors). |
- de:Halo (Psychologie)
- ja:ハロー効果]
- fi:Halo-efekti
- ja:ハロー効果
- fi:Halo-efekti