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Fertility medication is a method of fertility enhancement, drugs that enhances fertility. For women, fertility medication is used to stimulate follicle development of the ovary. For males, on the other hand, there are very few options of fertility medication.

Agents that enhance ovarian activity can be classified as either Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Estrogen antagonists or Gonadotropins.

Contents 1 Female 1.1 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1.2 Estrogen antagonists 1.2.1 Clomiphene citrate 1.2.2 Aromatase inhibitors 1.3 Gonadotropins 1.3.1 Menotropins 1.3.2 Recombinant gonadotropins 1.4 Human chorionic gonadotropin 1.5 Other 2 Male 3 Adverse effects 4 See also 5 References

FemaleEdit

Gonadotropin-releasing hormoneEdit

Main article: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Either Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) itself or any of its agonists (i.e. Lupron) may be used. GnRH releases gonadotropins from the hypothalamus in the body.

Estrogen antagonistsEdit

Fertility medication inhibiting the effects of estrogen includes Clomiphene citrate and Aromatase inhibitors.

Clomiphene citrateEdit

Main article: Clomiphene citrate

Clomiphene citrate is a SERM. It inhibits the negative feedback of estrogen and therefore stimulates ovulation.

Aromatase inhibitorsEdit

Main article: Aromatase inhibitor

Although primarily a breast cancer treatment, aromatase inhibitors can also work as fertility medication, probably by a mechanism similar to clomiphene citrate.

GonadotropinsEdit

Main article: Gonadotropins

Gonadotropins are the hormones in the body that normally stimulate the gonads (testes and ovaries). For medication, they can be extracted from urine or by genetic modification.

MenotropinsEdit

Main article: Menotropins

Menotropins are urinary gonadotropins, i.e. they are extracted from the urine.

Recombinant gonadotropinsEdit

Recombinant gonadotropins are gonadotropins created by inserting the DNA coding it into bacteriae. The bacterial DNA is then called Recombinant DNA. Examples of recombinant FSH are Follistim and Gonal F, while Luveris is a recombinant LH.

Human chorionic gonadotropinEdit

Main article: Human chorionic gonadotropin#Use as medication

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is normally produced during pregnancy. However, it can also replace LH as a fertility medication.

OtherEdit

hMG is a medication containing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

MaleEdit

There is no effective medication to treat oligospermia, so other assisted reproductive technologies need to be used.

Adverse effectsEdit

Estrogen antagonists and gonadotropins may stimulate multiple follicles and other ovarian hormones leading to multiple birth and possible ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

See alsoEdit

• Family planning
• Reproductive choice

ReferencesEdit

v·d·e Major Drug Groups
Gastrointestinal tract (A)	Antacids • Antiemetics  • H₂-receptor antagonists • Proton pump inhibitors • Laxatives • Antidiarrhoeals
Blood and blood forming organs (B)	Anticoagulants • Antiplatelets • Thrombolytics
Cardiovascular system (C)	Antiarrhythmics • Antihypertensives • Diuretics • Vasodilators • Antianginals • Beta blockers • Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors • Antihyperlipidemics
Skin (D)	Antipruritics
Reproductive system (G)	Hormonal contraception • Fertility agents • Selective estrogen receptor modulators • Sex hormones
Endocrine system (H)	Anti-diabetics • Corticosteroids • Sex hormones • Thyroid hormones
Infections and Infestations (J, P)	Antibiotics • Antivirals • Vaccines • Antifungals • Antiprotozoals • Anthelmintics
Malignant and Immune disease (L)	Anticancer agents • Immunosuppressants
Muscles, Bones, and Joints (M)	Anabolic steroids • Anti-inflammatories • Antirheumatics • Corticosteroids • Muscle relaxants
Brain and Nervous system (N)	Anesthetics • Analgesics • Anticonvulsants • Mood stabilizers  • Anxiolytics • Antipsychotics • Antidepressants • Nervous system stimulants
Respiratory system (R)	Bronchodilators • Decongestants  • Antihistamines

Template:Pregnancyfr:Liste de médicaments liés à la fertilité