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Hopelessness or despair is an emotional state is the feeling that ones condition in life are poor and will not get better, that things are beyond hope. This may lead, reflect to or be associated with apathy, cynicism, depression, learned helplessness and pessimism.

AssessmentEdit

• Beck Hopelessness Scale

See alsoEdit

References & BibliographyEdit

Key textsEdit

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Additional materialEdit

BooksEdit

PapersEdit

• Google Scholar

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