No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 67: | Line 67: | ||
− | The drinking or eating of particular [[Entheogen|etheogenic]] substances is also used to contribute to attaining these states. |
+ | The drinking or eating of particular [[Entheogen|etheogenic]] substances is also used to contribute to attaining these states. See [[The role of drugs in religious experience]] |
− | * [[Peyote]] |
Latest revision as of 17:05, 9 December 2006
Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods |
Statistics |
Clinical |
Educational |
Industrial |
Professional items |
World psychology |
Transpersonal Psychology: Integral · Esoteric · Meditation
Modes of religious experience
- Ecstasy (emotion), a trance or trancelike state in which an individual transcends ordinary consciousness
- Religious ecstasy, an altered state of consciousness characterized by expanded spiritual awareness, visions or euphoria
Context of religious experience
Psychological procedures
Physical procedures
The states can also be manipulated through the over or under stimulation of the senses and appetites:
- Hearing - Quietness versus loud noise, particularly bass notes {{Organ, Shawan}
- Vision - Pure white vs colour (stained glass, ornate colourful garments)
- Social - Retreat vs congregations and holy crowds
- Food - Fasting or feasting
- Drink - Abstinence or dionysian imbibing
- Sex - Abstinence - extended practice (Tantric sex, pagan orgies)
- Breathing - minimal breathing to hypoxia vs deep or regular breathing Anapanasati
Physical activities that are repetetive and rhythmic appear to aid the attainment of ecstatic states, particularly in a group setting where concentration is required. These activities are given religious form in ritual and practice.
- Clapping
- Chanting
- Dancing
- Drumming
- Singing
- Listening to music
The drinking or eating of particular etheogenic substances is also used to contribute to attaining these states. See The role of drugs in religious experience