Chloride

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The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form an anion (negatively-charged ion) Cl⁻. The salts of hydrochloric acid HCl contain chloride ions and can also be called chlorides. An example is table salt, which is sodium chloride with the chemical formula NaCl. In water, it dissolves into Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.

The word chloride can also refer to a chemical compound in which one or more chlorine atoms are covalently bonded in the molecule. This means that chlorides can be either inorganic or organic compounds. The simplest example of an inorganic covalently-bonded chloride is hydrogen chloride, HCl. A simple example of an organic covalently-bonded (an organochloride) chloride is chloromethane (CH₃Cl), often called methyl chloride.

[edit] Biological role of chloride

Chloride ions have important physiological roles. For instance, in the central nervous system, the inhibitory action of glycine and some of the action of GABA relies on the entry of Cl⁻ into specific neurons. Also, the chloride-bicarbonate exchanger biological transport protein relies on the chloride ion to increase the blood's capacity of carbon dioxide, in the form of the bicarbonate ion.

Chloride is found in many household liquids like water and other beverages (Coke, Sprite and other sodas).bg:Хлорид ca:Clorur de:Chloride et:Kloriidid es:Cloruro eo:Klorido fr:Chlorure id:Kloridanl:Chloride nn:Kloridpt:Cloreto simple:Chloride sr:Хлорид fi:Kloridizh:氯化物

This page uses content from the English-language version of Wikipedia. The original article was at Chloride. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Psychology Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.