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A Calcium channel is an ion channel which displays selective permeability to calcium ions. It is sometimes synonymous as voltage-dependent calcium channel,^[1] although there are also ligand-gated calcium channels.^[2]

Comparison tablesEdit

The following tables explain gating, gene, location and function of different types of calcium channels, both voltage and ligand-gated.

Main article: voltage-dependent calcium channel

Type	Gated by	Protein	Gene	Location	Function
L-type	high voltage	Ca_v1.1 Ca_v1.2 Ca_v1.3 Ca_v1.4	CACNA1S CACNA1C CACNA1D CACNA1F	Skeletal muscle, bone (osteoblasts), ventricular myocytes**, dendrites and dendritic spines of cortical neurons	SMC and cardiac muscle contraction.^[3] Responsible for prolonged action potential in cardiac muscle.
P-type/Q-type	high voltage	Ca_v2.1	CACNA1A	Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum / Cerebellar granule cells	neurotransmitter release^[3]
N-type	high voltage	Ca_v2.2	CACNA1B	Throughout the brain	neurotransmitter release^[3]
R-type	intermediate voltage	Ca_v2.3	CACNA1E	Cerebellar granule cells, other neurons	?^[3]
T-type	low voltage	Ca_v3.1 Ca_v3.2 Ca_v3.3	CACNA1G CACNA1H CACNA1I	neurons, cells that have pacemaker activity, bone (osteocytes)	Regular sinus rhythm^[3]

the receptor-operated calcium channels (in vasoconstriction)
- P2X receptor^[4]

Type	Gated by	Gene	Location	Function
IP₃ receptor	IP₃	ITPR1, ITPR2, ITPR3	ER/SR	Releases calcium from ER/SR in response to IP₃ by e.g. GPCRs^[3]
Ryanodine receptor	dihydropyridine receptors in T-tubules and increased intracellular calcium (Calcium Induced Calcium Release - CICR)	RYR1, RYR2, RYR3	ER/SR	Calcium-induced calcium release in myocytes^[3]
Two-pore channel
Cation channels of sperm
store-operated channels	indirectly by ER/SR depletion of calcium^[3]	ORAI1, ORAI2, ORAI3	plasma membrane

↑ Template:DorlandsDict
↑ Striggow F, Ehrlich BE (August 1996). Ligand-gated calcium channels inside and out. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 8 (4): 490–5.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 ^3.7 Rang, H. P. (2003). Pharmacology, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Page 53
↑ Walter F., PhD. Boron (2005). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach, Elsevier/Saunders. Page 479

Voltage-Gated Ion Channels. IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
TRIP Database. a manually curated database of protein-protein interactions for mammalian TRP channels.

This box: view • talk • edit Membrane transport protein: ion channels
Ca	Voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-type/CACNA1C, N-type, P-type, Q-type, R-type, T-type) - Inositol triphosphate receptor - Ryanodine receptor - Cation channels of sperm
Na: Sodium channel	Nav1.4 - Nav1.5 - Nav1.7 - Epithelial sodium channel
K: Potassium channel	Voltage-gated (KvLQT1, KvLQT2, KvLQT3, HERG, Shaker gene, KCNE1) - Calcium-activated (BK channel, SK channel) - Inward-rectifier (ROMK, KCNJ2) - Tandem pore domain
Cl: Chloride channel	Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
Porin	Aquaporin (1, 2, 3, 4)
Transient receptor potential	TRPA - TRPC (TRPC6) - TRPM (TRPM6) - TRPML (Mucolipin-1) - TRPP - TRPV (TRPV1, TRPV6)
Other/general	Gap junction - Stretch-activated ion channel - Ligand-gated ion channel - Voltage-gated ion channel - Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel - Two-pore channel