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Café au lait spot | |
---|---|
Classification and external resources | |
Template:Px A café au lait spot on a patient's left cheek. | |
ICD-10 | L813 |
ICD-9 | 709.09 |
DiseasesDB | 16118 |
eMedicine | ped/2754 |
MeSH | D019080 |
- See also: List of conditions associated with café au lait macules
Café au lait spots or Café au lait macules are pigmented birthmarks.[1] The name café au lait is French for "coffee with milk" and refers to their light-brown color. They are also called "giraffe spots" or "coast of Maine spots."[2]
Etiology[]
Café au lait spots can arise from diverse and unrelated causes:[3][4]
- Having six or more café au lait spots greater than 5 mm in diameter before puberty, or greater than 15 mm in diameter after puberty, is a diagnostic feature of neurofibromatosis type I, but other features are required to diagnose NF-1.
- Familial multiple café au lait spots have been observed without NF-1 diagnosis.[5]
- They can be caused by vitiligo in the rare McCune–Albright syndrome.[6]
- Legius syndrome
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Fanconi anemia, a rare genetic disease.
- Idiopathic
- Ataxia telangiectasia
- Basal cell nevus syndrome
- Benign congenital skin lesion
- Bloom syndrome
- Chediak Higashi syndrome
- Congenital naevus
- Gaucher disease
- Hunter syndrome
- Maffucci syndrome
- Multiple mucosal neuroma syndrome
- Noonan syndrome
- Silver–Russell syndrome
- Watson syndrome
- Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
Diagnosis[]
Diagnosis is visual with measurement of spot size and count of number of spots having clinical significance for diagnosis of associated disorders such as Neurofibromatosis type I. Usually, more than 6 spots more than 3 cm in diameter indicates NF1.
Prognosis[]
Café au lait spots are benign and do not cause any ailment themselves.
Treatment[]
They can be treated with lasers.[7]
See also[]
- Birthmark
- Nevus
- List of cutaneous conditions
- List of conditions associated with café au lait macules
References[]
- ↑ Plensdorf S, Martinez J (January 2009). Common pigmentation disorders. American Family Physician 79 (2): 109–16.
- ↑ coast of Maine spots - General Practice Notebook
- ↑ "Cafe Au Lait Spots", by William D James, MD
- ↑ Cafe Au Lait Spots
- ↑ Arnsmeier, Sheryl L. (1994). Familial Multiple Cafe au lait Spots. Arch Dermatol. 130 (11): 1425–1426.
- ↑ Whyte, M. P. (2000). Café-au-lait spots caused by vitiligo in McCune-Albright syndrome. J Bone Miner Res. 15 (12): 2521–2523.
- ↑ Scheinfeld, Noah S. (2011). Laser Treatment of Benign Pigmented Lesions.
External links[]
Template:Pigmentation disorders
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