Changes: Brodmann areas

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Brain: Brodmann areas

Lateral surface.

Medial surface.
Latin	'
Gray's	subject #
Part of
Components
Artery
Vein
BrainInfo/UW	ancil-410
MeSH	[1]

A Brodmann area is a region in the brain cortex defined in many different species based on its cytoarchitecture. Cytoarchitecture is the organization of the cortex as observed when a tissue is stained for nerve cells.

Brodmann areas were originally defined by Korbinian Brodmann and referred to by numbers from 1 to 52. Some of the original areas have been subdivided further and referred to, e.g., as "23a" and "23b". The same number in different species does not necessarily represent structurally homologous areas.

Brodmann areas for human beings:

1, 2 & 3 - Primary Somatosensory Cortex (frequently referred to as Areas 3, 1, 2 by convention)
4 - Primary Motor Cortex
5 - Somatosensory Association Cortex
6 - Pre-Motor and Supplementary Motor Cortex
7 - Somatosensory Association Cortex
8 - Includes Frontal Eye Field
9 - Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
10 - Frontopolar area (most rostral part of superior and middle frontal gyri)
11 - Orbitofrontal area (orbital and rectus gyri, plus part of the rostral part of the superior frontal gyrus)
12 - Orbitofrontal area (used to be part of BA11, refers to the area between the superior frontal gyrus and the inferior rostral sulcus)
13 and 14^* - Insular cortex
15^* - Anterior Temporal Lobe
17 - Primary Visual Cortex (V1)
18 - Visual Association Cortex (V2)
19 - V3
20 - Inferior Temporal gyrus
21 - Middle Temporal gyrus
22 - Superior Temporal Gyrus, of which the rostral part participates to Wernicke's area
23 - Ventral Posterior cingulate cortex
24 - Ventral Anterior cingulate cortex
25 - Subgenual cortex
26 - Ectosplenial area
28 - Posterior Entorhinal Cortex
29 - Retrosplenial cingular cortex
30 - Part of cingular cortex
31 - Dorsal Posterior cingular cortex
32 - Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
34 - Anterior Entorhinal Cortex (on the Parahippocampal gyrus)
35 - Perirhinal Cortex (on the Parahippocampal gyrus)
36 - Parahippocampal cortex (on the Parahippocampal gyrus)
37 - Fusiform gyrus
38 - Temporopolar area (most rostral part of the superior and middle temporal gyri
39 - Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke's area
40 - Supramarginal gyrus part of Wernicke's area
41 & 42 - Primary and Auditory Association Cortex
43 - Subcentral area (between insula and post/precentral gyrus)
44 - pars opercularis, part of Broca's area
45 - pars triangularis Broca's area
46 - Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus
48 - Retrosubicular area (a small part of the medial surface of the temporal lobe)
52 - Parainsular area (at the junction of the temporal lobe and the insula)

(*) Area only found in non-human primates.

Criticism

When von Bonin and Bailey were to construct a brain map for the macaque monkey they found the description of Brodmann inadequate and wrote:

Brodmann (1907), it is true, prepared a map of the human brain which has been widely reproduced, but, unfortunately, the data on which it was based was never published^[1]

They instead used the cytoarchitechtonic scheme of Economo and Koskinas published in 1925 which had the "only acceptable detailed description of the human cortex".

References

↑ Gerhardt von Bonin, Percival Bailey, The Neocortex of Macaca Mulatta, The University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois, 1925.

External links

brodmann x func — Functional categorization of Brodmann areas.
Brodmann, Mark Dubin pages on Brodmann areas.
Brodmann areas of cortex involved in language

fr:Aires de Brodmann

id:Area Brodmann

ja:ブロードマンの脳地図

sv:Brodmannarea

zh:Brodmann分区系统

This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).

[1] Gerhardt von Bonin, Percival Bailey, The Neocortex of Macaca Mulatta, The University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois, 1925.

[1]

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 * [[Brodmann area 15|15]]<sup>*</sup> - Anterior Temporal Lobe
 * [[Brodmann area 17|17]] - [[Primary Visual Cortex]]  (V1)
-* [[Brodmann area 18|18]] - [[Visual Association Cortex]] (V2)
+* [[Brodmann area 18|18]] - [[Visual cortex| Visual Association Cortex]] (V2)
 * [[Brodmann area 19|19]] - [[V3]]
 * [[Brodmann area 20|20]] - Inferior Temporal gyrus