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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Birth Trauma Association]] |
*[[Birth Trauma Association]] |
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*[[Obstetrical complications]] |
*[[Obstetrical complications]] |
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*[[Postsurgical complications]] |
*[[Postsurgical complications]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:30, 6 January 2010
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| Birth trauma | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | P10–P15 |
Birth trauma is any damage to the neonate's body structure or function due to events during birth. It includes birth asphyxia.
Birth trauma can refer to:
- The theorized psychological trauma of childbirth, as described at Pre- and perinatal psychology
- The physical trauma of childbirth, as described at ICD-10 codes P10-P15:
(P10-P15) Birth trauma
- (P10) Intracranial laceration and haemorrhage due to birth injury
- (P11) Other birth injuries to central nervous system
- (P12) Birth injury to scalp
- (P120) Cephalhaematoma due to birth injury
- (P13) Birth injury to skeleton
- (P14) Birth injury to peripheral nervous system
- (P140) Erb's paralysis due to birth injury
- (P141) Klumpke's paralysis due to birth injury
- (P142) Phrenic nerve paralysis due to birth injury
- (P143) Other brachial plexus birth injuries
- (P148) Birth injuries to other parts of peripheral nervous system
- (P149) Birth injury to peripheral nervous system, unspecified
- (P15) Other birth injuries
Signs and symptoms
Sequelae can occur in both the mother and the infant after a traumatic birth.
Infant
Well any number of injuries may occur during the birthing process. A number of specific conditions are well described. Brachial plexus palsy occurs in 0.4 to 5.1 infants per 1000 live birth.[1] Head trauma during delivery can lead to a number of conditions include: caput succedaneum, cephalohematoma, subgaleal hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage.
The most common fracture during delivery is that of the clavicle (0.5%).[2]
Mother
Rates of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as high as 5.9% have been reported.[3]
Causes
Risk factors include vacuum extraction and the use of forceps.[4]
Psychological sequelea
Effects on the child
Effects on the mother
A very painful labour, particularly if it produces longer term incapacity, for example reqiring intensive care, can disrupt the formation of the maternal bond
Physical effects
The physical effects of these complication and consequent birth trauma can lead to deformation of the head and effect the brain to produce mental retardation and/or neurological disorders
See also
- Birth Trauma Association
- Birth anoxia
- Fetal distress
- Obstetrical complications
- Postsurgical complications
- Pre- and perinatal psychology
- Pregnancy
- Premature birth
- Postmature birth
Template:Medical conditions
Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (O, 630-676) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complications of pregnancy |
| ||||||||||
| Obstetric labor complications |
Preterm birth · Postmature birth · Cephalopelvic disproportion · Dystocia (Shoulder dystocia) · Fetal distress · Vasa praevia · Uterine rupture · Hemorrhage (Postpartum) · placenta (Placenta accreta) · Umbilical cord prolapse · Amniotic fluid embolism | ||||||||||
| Puerperal disorders |
Puerperal fever · Peripartum cardiomyopathy · Postpartum thyroiditis · Galactorrhea · Postpartum depression · Diastasis symphysis pubis | ||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Template:Obstetric navs | |||||||||||
Epidemiology
Disability-adjusted life year for birth asphyxia and birth trauma per 100,000 inhabitants in 2002.[5]
Birth trauma is uncommon in the Western world in relation to rates in the third world. In the West injury occurs in 1.1% of C-sections.[6]
See also
External links
Template:Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period
[[Category:Childbirth]
- ↑ Andersen J, Watt J, Olson J, Van Aerde J (February 2006). Perinatal brachial plexus palsy. Paediatr Child Health 11 (2): 93–100.
- ↑ Beall MH, Ross MG (December 2001). Clavicle fracture in labor: risk factors and associated morbidities. J Perinatol 21 (8): 513–5.
- ↑ Beck CT (2009). Birth trauma and its sequelae. J Trauma Dissociation 10 (2): 189–203.
- ↑ Demissie K, Rhoads GG, Smulian JC, et al. (July 2004). Operative vaginal delivery and neonatal and infant adverse outcomes: population based retrospective analysis. BMJ 329 (7456): 24–9.
- ↑ (2002). Mortality and Burden of Disease Estimates for WHO Member States in 2002. (xls) World Health Organization.
- ↑ Alexander JM, Leveno KJ, Hauth J, et al. (October 2006). Fetal injury associated with cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 108 (4): 885–90.