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Birth trauma
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	P10–P15

Birth trauma is any damage to the neonate's body structure or function due to events during birth. It includes birth asphyxia.

Birth trauma can refer to:

• The theorized psychological trauma of childbirth, as described at Pre- and perinatal psychology

• The physical trauma of childbirth, as described at ICD-10 codes P10-P15:

Contents 1 (P10-P15) Birth trauma 2 Signs and symptoms 2.1 Infant 2.2 Mother 3 Causes 4 Psychological sequelea 4.1 Effects on the child 4.2 Effects on the mother 4.3 Physical effects 5 See also 6 Epidemiology 7 See also 8 External links

(P10-P15) Birth trauma Edit

• (P10) Intracranial laceration and haemorrhage due to birth injury

• (P11) Other birth injuries to central nervous system

• (P12) Birth injury to scalp
  • (P120) Cephalhaematoma due to birth injury

• (P13) Birth injury to skeleton

• (P14) Birth injury to peripheral nervous system
  • (P140) Erb's paralysis due to birth injury
  • (P141) Klumpke's paralysis due to birth injury
  • (P142) Phrenic nerve paralysis due to birth injury
  • (P143) Other brachial plexus birth injuries
  • (P148) Birth injuries to other parts of peripheral nervous system
  • (P149) Birth injury to peripheral nervous system, unspecified

• (P15) Other birth injuries

Signs and symptomsEdit

Sequelae can occur in both the mother and the infant after a traumatic birth.

InfantEdit

Well any number of injuries may occur during the birthing process. A number of specific conditions are well described. Brachial plexus palsy occurs in 0.4 to 5.1 infants per 1000 live birth.^[1] Head trauma during delivery can lead to a number of conditions include: caput succedaneum, cephalohematoma, subgaleal hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage.

The most common fracture during delivery is that of the clavicle (0.5%).^[2]

MotherEdit

Rates of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as high as 5.9% have been reported.^[3]

CausesEdit

Risk factors include vacuum extraction and the use of forceps.^[4]

Psychological sequeleaEdit

Effects on the childEdit

Effects on the motherEdit

A very painful labour, particularly if it produces longer term incapacity, for example reqiring intensive care, can disrupt the formation of the maternal bond

Physical effectsEdit

The physical effects of these complication and consequent birth trauma can lead to deformation of the head and effect the brain to produce mental retardation and/or neurological disorders

See alsoEdit

• Birth Trauma Association
• Birth anoxia
• Fetal distress
• Obstetrical complications
• Postsurgical complications
• Pre- and perinatal psychology
• Pregnancy
• Premature birth
• Postmature birth

Template:Medical conditions

v·d·e Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (O, 630-676)
Complications of pregnancy	Pregnancy with abortive outcome Ectopic pregnancy · Hydatidiform mole · Miscarriage Oedema, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders Gestational hypertension (Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia, HELLP syndrome) · Gestational diabetes Other, predominantly related to pregnancy digestive system: Hyperemesis gravidarum · Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy · Acute fatty liver of pregnancy integumentary system: Dermatoses of pregnancy (list) nervous system: Chorea gravidarum Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity amniotic fluid (Polyhydramnios, Oligohydramnios) · chorion/amnion (Chorioamnionitis, Chorionic hematoma, Premature rupture of membranes, Amniotic band syndrome, Monoamniotic twins) · placenta (Placenta praevia, Placental abruption, Monochorionic twins, Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome) · Braxton Hicks contractions · Hemorrhage (Antepartum)
Obstetric labor complications	Preterm birth · Postmature birth · Cephalopelvic disproportion · Dystocia (Shoulder dystocia) · Fetal distress · Vasa praevia · Uterine rupture · Hemorrhage (Postpartum) · placenta (Placenta accreta) · Umbilical cord prolapse · Amniotic fluid embolism
Puerperal disorders	Puerperal fever · Peripartum cardiomyopathy · Postpartum thyroiditis · Galactorrhea · Postpartum depression · Diastasis symphysis pubis
Other	Maternal death
Template:Obstetric navs

EpidemiologyEdit

File:Birth asphyxia and birth trauma world map - DALY - WHO2002.svg

Birth trauma is uncommon in the Western world in relation to rates in the third world. In the West injury occurs in 1.1% of C-sections.^[6]

See alsoEdit

• Birth Trauma Association
• Postsurgical complications
• Pregnancy
• Premature birth

External linksEdit

• [1]

Template:Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period

[[Category:Childbirth]

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