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Attachment measures refer to the various procedures used to assess attachment in children and adults.

Researchers have developed various ways of assessing attachment in children, including the Strange Situation and story-based approaches such as Attachment Story Completion Test. These methods allow children to be classified into four attachment styles: secure, anxious-ambivalent, anxious-avoidant, and disorganised, called 'A, B, C,and D' in research. Attachment in adults is commonly measured using the Adult Attachment Interview and self-report questionnaires. Self-report questionnaires have identified two dimensions of attachment, one dimension dealing with anxiety about the relationship, and the other dimension dealing with avoidance in the relationship. These dimensions define four styles of adult attachment: secure, preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant.

Contents 1 Measuring Attachment in Children 2 Measuring Attachment in Adults 3 References 4 See also 5 Recommended Reading 6 External links

[edit] Measuring Attachment in Children

Main article: Attachment measures in children

Researchers have developed several ways to assess attachment in children. These include the following:

1. Strange Situation Mary Ainsworth
2. Attachment Story Completion Test
3. Preschool Assessment of Attachment ("PAA", Crittenden 1992),
4. Observational Record of the Caregiving Environment ("ORCE")
5. Attachment Q-sort ("AQ-sort").
6. Disturbances of Attachment Interview or "DAI" developed by Smyke and Zeanah, (1999).

[edit] Measuring Attachment in Adults

Main article: Attachment measures in adults

The two main ways of measuring attachment in adults include the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and self-report questionnaires.

[edit] References

[edit] See also

Attachment theory Attachment in children Attachment in adults Attachment measures Attachment disorder Reactive attachment disorder Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy Theraplay Object relations theory Affectional bond Human bonding

Mary Ainsworth John Bowlby Erik Erikson Sigmund Freud Jerome Kagan Melanie Klein Jean Piaget

[edit] Recommended Reading

• Becker-Weidman, A., & Shell, D., (Eds). (2005) Creating Capacity for Attachment Wood N Barnes, Oklahoma City, OK. ISBN 1-885473-72-9
• Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P., (Eds). (1999) Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications. Guilford Press, NY.
• Greenberg, MT, Cicchetti, D., & Cummings, EM., (Eds) (1990) Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research and Intervention University of Chicago, Chicago.
• Greenspan, S. (1993) Infancy and Early Childhood. Madison, CT: International Universities Press. ISBN 0-8236-2633-4.
• Holmes, J. (1993) John Bowlby and Attachment Theory. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-07730-3.
• Holmes, J. (2001) The Search for the Secure Base: Attachment Theory and Psychotherapy. London: Brunner-Routledge. ISBN 1-58391-152-9.
• Karen R (1998) Becoming Attached: First Relationships and How They Shape Our Capacity to Love. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-511501-5.
• Parkes, CM, Stevenson-Hinde, J., Marris, P., (Eds.) (1991) Attachment Across The Life Cycle Routledge. NY. ISBN 0-415-05651-9
• Siegler R., DeLoache, J. & Eisenberg, N. (2003) How Children develop. New York: Worth. ISBN 1-57259-249-4.
• Sturt, SM (Ed) (2006). New Developments in Child Abuse Research Nove, NY. ISBN 1-59454-980-X

[edit] External links

• Information on effective treatment for attachment disorders and training for professionals. Information on Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy
• Parenting: Attachment, Bonding and Reactive Attachment Disorder
• Relationship Advice: How Understanding Adult Attachment Can Help
• Attachment Questionnaire
• Attachment theory website

This page uses content from the English-language version of Wikipedia. The original article was at Attachment measures. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Psychology Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.