Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
From Psychology Wiki
| DOPA decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase) | |
|---|---|
| Symbol(s): | DDC |
| Locus: | 7 p11 |
| EC number | 4.1.1.28 |
| EntrezGene | 1644 |
| OMIM | 107930 |
| RefSeq | NM_000790 |
| UniProt | P20711 |
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28, synonyms: DOPA decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase, 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, AAAD) is a lyase enzyme.
Contents |
[edit] Reactions
It catalyzes several different decarboxylation reactions:
- L-DOPA to dopamine - a neurotransmitter
- 5-HTP to serotonin (5-HT) - also a neurotransmitter
- tryptophan to tryptamine - a precursor to many alkaloids found in plants and animals
The enzyme uses pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor.
[edit] As a rate limiting step
In normal dopamine and serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter synthesis, AAAD is not the rate-limiting step in either reaction. However, AAAD becomes the rate-limiting step of dopamine synthesis in patients treated with L-DOPA (such as in Parkinson's Disease), and the rate-limiting step of serotonin synthesis in people treated with 5-HTP (such as in mild depression or dysthymia).
AAAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of biogenic trace amines.
[edit] Genetics
The gene encoding the enzyme is located on chromosome 7 in humans.[1]
[edit] See also
[edit] Reference
[edit] External links
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Carbon-carbon lyases (EC 4.1) | |
|---|---|
| 4.1.1: Carboxy-lyases | Pyruvate decarboxylase -Oxaloacetate decarboxylase - Acetoacetate decarboxylase - Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase - Glutamate decarboxylase - Ornithine decarboxylase - Lysine decarboxylase - Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase - Histidine decarboxylase - Uridine monophosphate synthetase/Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase - Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase - Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase - Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase - RuBisCO - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase - Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase |
| 4.1.2: Aldehyde-lyases | Aldolase A/Aldolase B - 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase |
| 4.1.3: Oxo-acid-lyases | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase |
| This page uses content from the English-language version of Wikipedia. The original article was at Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Psychology Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU Free Documentation License. |
