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A Swedish physiologist, Alarik Frithiof Holmgren (1831-1897) was a professor at Upsala University and a vocal opponent of vivisection, and particularly the use of curare to immobilize subjects so they appeared peaceful while feeling great pain.

He studied vision and following a railway crash at Lagerlunda, he advocated the need to preclude people with defective color vision from railway employment. This established the now standard practice of excluded color blind individuals from employment in certain sectors.^[1]

Holmgren was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1880.

See also Edit

• History of animal testing

References Edit

1. ↑ Origins of Colour Vision Standards within the Transport Industry, Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 369-375, 198