Psychology Wiki - Recent changes [en]

Extra-sensory perception

216.56.46.13 — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 17:32:42 GMT

Types of ESP:

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	Specific types of claimed extra-sensory perception include:		Specific types of claimed extra-sensory perception include:
	* [[Paranormal]] perception of people, places or events by means of [[clairvoyance]] ([[remote viewing]]).		* [[Paranormal]] perception of people, places or events by means of [[clairvoyance]] ([[remote viewing]]).
-	* Perception of other times via [[precognition]], or [[retrocognition]]. This is usually considered to be the same as clairvoyance, except that the perception travels through time.	+	* Perception of other times via [[precognition]], or [[retrocognition]]. This is usually considered to be the same as clairvoyance, except that the perception travels through time.
	* Perception of aspects of others which most people cannot perceive, such as [[Aura (paranormal)\|aura]] reading, medical intuition, [[clairsentience]] and [[telepathy]] etc.		* Perception of aspects of others which most people cannot perceive, such as [[Aura (paranormal)\|aura]] reading, medical intuition, [[clairsentience]] and [[telepathy]] etc.
-	* Perception of aspects of things which most people cannot perceive, by means of [[psychometry]], [[clairvoyance]], [[clairaudience]], [[clairsentience]], [[clairalience]] and [[clairgustance]].	+	* Perception of aspects of things which most people cannot perceive, by means of [[psychometry]], [[clairvoyance]], [[clairaudience]], [[clairsentience]], [[clairalience]] and [[clairgustance]].
	* The ability to sense communications from and/or communicate with people in remote locations ([[telepathy]]).		* The ability to sense communications from and/or communicate with people in remote locations ([[telepathy]]).
	* The ability to perceive environments or communications while psychically "at" a remote location by means of [[Out-of-body experiences]] (also called spirit walking and [[astral projection]]), or while in other dimensions.		* The ability to perceive environments or communications while psychically "at" a remote location by means of [[Out-of-body experiences]] (also called spirit walking and [[astral projection]]), or while in other dimensions.
-	* The ability to communicate with the souls ([[spirit]]s) of persons or animals who have died via [[mediumship]] ([[séance\|séancing]]). Mediumship is an umbrella term which primarily means that a person is able to communicate with deceased persons or allow deceased persons to communicate through the medium by temporarily using his or her body (trance mediumship). But mediumship may also include other paranormal abilities such as [[clairvoyance]] and [[clairaudience]], the ability to have out-of-body experiences, and [[psychokinesis]] (physical mediumship).	+	* The ability to communicate with the souls ([[spirit]]s) of persons or animals who have died via [[mediumship]] ([[séance\|séancing]]). Mediumship is an umbrella term which primarily means that a person is able to communicate with deceased persons or allow deceased persons to communicate through the medium by temporarily using his or her body (trance mediumship). But mediumship may also include other paranormal abilities such as [[clairvoyance]] and [[clairaudience]], the ability to have out-of-body experiences, and [[psychokinesis]] (physical mediumship).

	A person capable of using ESP is often referred to as a ''psychic'' or as having psychic powers.		A person capable of using ESP is often referred to as a ''psychic'' or as having psychic powers.

-	The scientific study of paranormal phenomena such as ESP is called [[parapsychology]], and includes other phenomena such as and [[reincarnation]], [[near-death experiences]], and [[psychokinesis]].	+	The scientific study of paranormal phenomena such as ESP is called [[parapsychology]], and includes other phenomena such as and [[reincarnation]], [[near-death experiences]], and [[psychokinesis\|psychasdaweadsdad]][[psychokinesis\|hokinesis]].

	== History of ESP ==		== History of ESP ==

Category:Behavioral concepts

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 17:24:53 GMT

Created page with 'Category:Behaviorism'

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[[Category:Behaviorism]]

Tact (verbal behavior)

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 17:24:05 GMT

Distortion:

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{{LangPsy}}
'''Tact''' is a term that [[B.F. Skinner]] used to describe a verbal operant in which a response of given form is evoked (or at least strengthened) by a particular object or event or property of an object or event (1957). The tact is verbal contact with the physical world.

Chapter Five of [[Verbal Behavior (book)|''Verbal Behavior'']] discusses the tact in depth. A tact is said to "make contact with" the world, and refers to behavior that is under the control of generalized reinforcement. The controlling stimuli is nonverbal, "the whole of the physical environment". It can undergo many extensions: generic, metaphoric, metonymical, solecistic, nomination, and 'guessing'. It can also be involved in abstraction. Lowe, Horne, Harris & Randle (2002) would be one example of recent work in tacts.

The tact is said to be capable of generic extension. We might call something a car, then seeing something like the old object called a car, we call this new stimulus a car.

==Metaphoric extension==
It can be extended metaphorically, as when we describe something as "exploding with taste" by drawing the common property of an explosion with the response to our having eaten something (perhaps a strong response, or a sudden one).

==Metonymical extension==
It can undergo metonymical extension when things that are paired together frequently are then used to stand for each other; as "The White House released a statement" when The President and The White House are paired together frequently so as to be "interchangeable".

==Solecistic extension==
When controlling variables unrelated to standard or immediate reinforcement take over control of the tact, it is said to be solecistically extended. Malapropisms, solecism and catachresis are said to be examples of this.

==Nomination==
A proper name may arise as a result of the tact. Skinner notes things like serial order, or conspicuous features of an object may come to play as nominative tacts. A house that is haunted becomes The Haunted House as a nominative extension to the tact of it being haunted.

==Guessing==
A guess may seemingly be the emission of a response in the absence of controlling stimuli. Skinner notes that this may simply be a tact under more subtle or hidden controlling variables. Although this is not always the case in something like guessing the landing side of a coin toss where the possible alternatives are fixed and there is no subtle or hidden stimuli to control responding.

==Special conditions affecting stimulus control==
Skinner deals with factors that interfere with, or change, generalized reinforcement. It is these conditions which, in turn, affect verbal behavior which may depend largely or entirely on generalized reinforcement. Factors like deprivation, emotional conditions and personal history may interfere with or change verbal behavior. Skinner mentions alertness, irrelevant emotional variables, 'special circumstances' surrounding particular listeners or speakers and so on (he refers to the conditions which are said to produce objective and subjective responses for example). We would now look at these as motivating operations/Establishing conditions.

==Distortion==
Distorted stimulus control may be minor as when a description (tact) is a slight exaggeration. Under stronger conditions of distortion it may appear when the original stimulus is absent, as in the case of the response called a lie. Skinner notes that troubadours and fiction writers are perhaps both motivated by similar forms of tact distortion. Initially they may recount real events but as differential reinforcement affects the account we may see distortion and then total fabrication.

[[Category:Behavioral concepts]]
[[Category:Verbal behavior]]

{{enWP|Tact (psychology)}}

Tact (psychology)

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 17:11:24 GMT

Redirected page to Tact (verbal behavior)

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Nongrade schools

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:57:43 GMT

moved [[Nongrade schools]] to [[Nongraded schools]]

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Nongraded school

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:56:21 GMT

Redirected page to Nongraded schools

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#redirect[[Nongraded schools]]

Age segregation in schools

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:55:16 GMT

Created page with '{{EdPsy}} '''Age segregation in schools''', '''age grading''', or '''graded education''' is the separation of students into years of education (grades, [[form (education)…'

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{{EdPsy}}
'''Age segregation in schools''', '''age grading''', or '''graded education''' is the separation of [[student]]s into years of education ([[grade]]s, [[form (education)|form]]s) by approximately the same [[Ageing|age]].

In the [[United States]], graded education was introduced during 1848 to 1870.<ref>Frederick Dean McClusky, ''Introduction of Grading into the Public Schools of New England, Part II'',The Elementary School Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2 (Oct., 1920), pp. 132-145 </ref>

Age grading in schools has significant impact on [[age segregation]] among [[adolescent]] [[peer group]]s.<ref>[http://www.springerlink.com/content/l7v2217501w40440/ SpringerLink - Journal Article]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Nongraded school]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Age]]
[[Category:Educational years]]

{{enWP|Age segregation in schools}}

Nongrade schools

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:53:37 GMT

Created page with '{{EdPsy}} '''Nongrade schools''' is a US term applied to schools that select and/or organise students by factors other than age or grade level. They may use such characterist…'

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{{EdPsy}}
'''Nongrade schools''' is a US term applied to schools that select and/or organise [[students]] by factors other than age or grade level. They may use such characteristics as [[academic achievement]], [[mental ability|mental]] or physical ability]] or [[emotional development]]

==Advantages==

==Disadvantages==

==See also==
*[[Age segregation in schools]]
*[[Special education]]

[[Category:Schools]]

Nongrade school

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:47:17 GMT

Redirected page to Nongrade schools

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#redirect[[nongrade schools]]

Metals

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:43:35 GMT

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-	{{existswp}}	+	{{PsyPerspective}}
		+
		+	A '''metal''' is a [[chemical element]] that is a good [[conductor]] of both [[electricity]] and [heat and forms [[cations]] and [[ionic bonds]] with [[non-metal]]s. In [[chemistry]], a '''metal''' (Ancient Greek ''métallon,'' μέταλλον) is an [[chemical element\|element]], [[Chemical compound\|compound]], or [[alloy]] characterized by high [[electrical conductivity]]. In a metal, atoms readily lose [[electrons]] to form positive [[ion]]s ([[cations]]). Those ions are surrounded by delocalized electrons, which are responsible for the conductivity. The solid thus produced is held by electrostatic interactions between the ions and the electron cloud, which are called [[metallic bond]]s.<ref name="morty">{{cite book\| author = Mortimer, Charles E.\|title = Chemistry: A Conceptual Approach\|location = New York:\|publisher = D. Van Nostrad Company\| edition = 3rd \|year= 1975}}</ref>
		+
		+	==Definition==
		+
		+	Metals are sometimes described as an arrangement of positive ions surrounded by a cloud of delocalized [[electron]]s. They are one of the three groups of elements as distinguished by their ionization and bonding properties, along with the [[metalloid]]s and non-metals.
		+
		+	Metals occupy the bulk of the periodic table, while non-metallic elements can only be found on the right-hand-side of the [[Periodic Table of the Elements]]. A diagonal line drawn from [[boron]] (B) to [[polonium]] (Po) separates the metals from the nonmetals. Most elements on this line are metalloids, sometimes called [[semiconductors]]. This is due to the fact that these elements exhibit [[Electricity\|electrical properties]] common to both conductors and insulators. Elements to the lower left of this division line are called [[metals]], while elements to the upper right of the division line are called [[non-metals]].
		+
		+	==See also==
		+	*[[Metallic elements]]
		+
		+
		+
		+	[[Category::Metallic elements]]

Metal

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:40:14 GMT

moved [[Metal]] to [[Metals]] align thesaurus

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Methodology

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:39:16 GMT

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	{{assessPsy}}		{{assessPsy}}
		+	{{PsyPerspective}}
		+	'''Methodology''' can be:

-	[[Tests and testing]]	+	# "the analysis of the principles of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline";<ref name="merrian-webster" />
		+	# "the systematic study of methods that are, can be, or have been applied within a discipline";<ref name="merrian-webster" /> or
		+	# "a particular procedure or set of procedures." <ref name="merrian-webster">[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/methodology Methodology], entry at [[Webster's Dictionary\|Merriam–Webster]]</ref>

-	[[Test design]]	+	== Concept ==
		+	''Methodology'' includes a philisophically coherent collection of theories, concepts or ideas as they relate to a particular discipline or field of inquiry:{{Citation needed\|date=March 2009}}
		+
		+	Methodology refers to more than a simple set of methods;{{Citation needed\|date=March 2009}} rather it refers to the rationale and the philosophical assumptions that underlie a particular study relative to the [[scientific method]]. This is why scholarly literature often includes a section on the methodology of the researchers. This section does more than outline the researchers’ methods (as in, “We conducted a survey of 50 people over a two-week period and subjected the results to statistical analysis”, etc.); it might explain what the researchers’ [[ontology\|ontological]] or [[epistemology\|epistemological]] views are.
		+
		+	Another key (though arguably imprecise) usage for methodology does not refer to research or to the specific analysis techniques. This often refers to anything and everything that can be encapsulated for a discipline or a series of processes, activities and tasks. Examples of this are found in software development, project management and business process fields. This use of the term is typified by the outline who, what, where, when, and why. In the documentation of the processes that make up the discipline, that is being supported by "this" methodology, that is where we would find the "methods" or processes. The processes themselves are only part of the methodology along with the identification and usage of the standards, policies, rules, etc.
		+
		+	Researchers acknowledge the need for rigor, logic, and coherence in their methodologies, which are subject to [[peer review]].
		+
		+	==See also==
		+	* [[Causal analysis]]
		+	* [[Cohort analysis]]
		+	* [[Content analysis]]
		+	* [[Data collection]]
		+	* [[Design-Based Research]] – an example social-science methodology
		+	* [[Empirical methods]]
		+	* [[Experimental controls]]
		+	* [[Experimental design]]
		+	* [[Experimental laboratories]]
		+	* [[Experimental replication]]
		+	* [[Functional analysis]]
		+	* [[Mail surveys]]
		+	* [[Meta analysis]]
		+	* [[Research methods]]
		+	* [[Self report]]
		+	* [[Surveys]]
		+	* [[Telephone surveys]]
		+	* [[Tests and testing]]
		+	* [[Test design]]
		+	* [[Power of a method]]
		+	* [[Reliability]]
		+	* [[Theory formulation]]
		+	* [[Theory verification]]
		+	* [[Validity]]
		+
		+	==References==
		+	{{Reflist}}
		+	mad craic
		+
		+	== Further reading ==
		+	* Creswell, J. (1998). ''Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions''. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
		+	* Creswell, J. (2003). ''Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches''. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
		+	* Guba, E. and Lincoln, Y. (1989). ''Fourth Generation Evaluation''. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications.
		+	* Patton, M.Q. (2002). ''Qualitative research & evaluation methods'' (3rd edition). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
		+	* ''Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language, Second Edition, Unabridged'', W.A. Neilson, T.A. Knott, P.W. Carhart (eds.), G. & C. Merriam Company, Springfield, MA, 1950.
		+
		+	== External links==
		+
		+	* [http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=methodology Usage note on the word Methodology]
		+
		+
		+
		+	[[Category:Methodology]]
		+
		+	<!--
		+	[[ar:علم المنهج]]
		+	[[bs:Metodologija]]
		+	[[cs:Metodologie]]
		+	[[da:Metodologi]]
		+	[[de:Methodologie]]
		+	[[es:Metodología]]
		+	[[fa:روش‌شناسی]]
		+	[[fr:Méthodologie]]
		+	[[ko:방법론]]
		+	[[hr:Metodologija]]
		+	[[id:Metodologi]]
		+	[[he:מתודולוגיה]]
		+	[[lt:Metodologija]]
		+	[[nl:Methodologie]]
		+	[[ja:方法論]]
		+	[[no:Metodologi]]
		+	[[pl:Metodologia]]
		+	[[pt:Metodologia]]
		+	[[ru:Методология науки]]
		+	[[sr:Методологија]]
		+	[[sh:Metodologija]]
		+	[[fi:Metodologia]]
		+	[[th:วิธีวิทยา]]
		+	[[uk:Методологія науки]]
		+	[[zh:方法学]]
		+	-->
		+	{{enWP\|Methodology}}

-	[[Validity]]

-	[[Reliability]]

Relapse (disorders)

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:27:00 GMT

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	[[Category:Addiction]]		[[Category:Addiction]]
	[[Category:Aspects of disorders]]		[[Category:Aspects of disorders]]
		+	[[Category:Relapse]]
	[[Category:Treatment outcomes]]		[[Category:Treatment outcomes]]

Relapse(disorders)

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:23:47 GMT

Redirected page to Relapse (disorders)

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Treatment resistance disorders

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:23:08 GMT

Redirected page to Treatment resistant disorders

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Category:Mental health services

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:21:56 GMT

Created page with 'Category:Health care services'

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[[Category:Health care services]]

Mental health services

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:20:59 GMT

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	'''Mental health services''' are an aspect of [[health care services]] and are services developed to facilitate the maintenance of [[mental health]] and the treatment of [[mental disorders]].		'''Mental health services''' are an aspect of [[health care services]] and are services developed to facilitate the maintenance of [[mental health]] and the treatment of [[mental disorders]].

-	Psychologists are interested in and work in a wide variety of these services so for particulr details see the following articles:-	+	Psychologists are interested in and work in a wide variety of these services so for particular details see the following articles:-

	*[[Community mental health services]]		*[[Community mental health services]]
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	*[[Counselling]]		*[[Counselling]]
	*[[Mental health programs]]		*[[Mental health programs]]
-		+	*[[Outreach programs]]
-		+	*[[Psychiatric hospital programs]]
		+	*[[School counselling]]
		+	*[[Social services]]
		+	*[[Student personnel services]]
		+	*[[Support groups]]
		+	*[[Twelve step programs]]

	==Administrative and management issues==		==Administrative and management issues==
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	*[[Health care costs]]		*[[Health care costs]]
	*[[Health care policy]]		*[[Health care policy]]
		+	*[[Health service needs]]

	===Issues around the delivery of care===		===Issues around the delivery of care===
	*[[Health care delivery]]		*[[Health care delivery]]
		+	*[[Health care seeking behavior]]
		+	*[[Integrated services]]
	*[[Managed care]]		*[[Managed care]]
-		+	*[[Prevention]]
		+	*[[Quality of care]]
		+	*[[Quality of services]]
		+	*[[Social casework]]

	[[Category:Health care services]]		[[Category:Health care services]]

Twelve step programme

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:19:13 GMT

Redirected page to Twelve step programs

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#redirect[[Twelve step programs]]

Twelve step program

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:17:47 GMT

Redirected page to Twelve step programs

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#redirect[[Twelve step programs]]

User talk:98.224.228.197

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:10:55 GMT

Created page with '{{welcomeNumber}}'

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User talk:170.185.232.10

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 16:10:23 GMT

Created page with '{{welcomeNumber}}'

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Schizoid personality disorder

170.185.232.10 — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 15:34:19 GMT

Other issues:

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	==Other issues==		==Other issues==
-	Under stress, some schizoids may occasionally experience instances of [[brief reactive psychosis]].	+	Under stress, some schizoids may occasionally experience instances of [[brief reactive psychosis]].

	==SPD and other disorders==		==SPD and other disorders==

Electronic Health Record

98.224.228.197 — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 14:20:38 GMT

External links:

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	*[http://ping.chip.org open source EHR system from Harvard]		*[http://ping.chip.org open source EHR system from Harvard]
	*[http://www.healthdecisions.org/healthit '''HealthDecisions IT News'''] - a complete source of Healthcare IT news and events, with thorough references and updates on Electronic Health Records		*[http://www.healthdecisions.org/healthit '''HealthDecisions IT News'''] - a complete source of Healthcare IT news and events, with thorough references and updates on Electronic Health Records
-		+	*[http://www.TherapyCharts.com/ TherapyCharts] - commercial web-based EHR system for clinical psychologists tired of paper charts
		+	{{enWP\|Electronic Health Record}}
	[[Category:Medical informatics]]		[[Category:Medical informatics]]
	[[Category:Health standards]]		[[Category:Health standards]]
-	{{enWP\|Electronic Health Record}}

Practice management system

98.224.228.197 — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 14:13:17 GMT

Commercial practice management systems:

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	* [http://www.misys.com/ Misys]		* [http://www.misys.com/ Misys]
	* [http://infosolutions.mckesson.com/Products/Product.asp?pid=1081&AttribID=1012&nlv=1&bct=PracticePoint+Manager&Attrib=Solutions PracticePoint Manager by McKesson, Inc.]		* [http://infosolutions.mckesson.com/Products/Product.asp?pid=1081&AttribID=1012&nlv=1&bct=PracticePoint+Manager&Attrib=Solutions PracticePoint Manager by McKesson, Inc.]
		+	* [http://www.TherapyCharts.com/ TherapyCharts.com by TherapyCharts LLC]

	=== Open-source practice management systems ===		=== Open-source practice management systems ===

User talk:98.148.244.232

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:39:02 GMT

Created page with '{{welcomeNumber}}'

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Personality type (friedman)

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:38:26 GMT

deleted "[[Personality type (friedman)]]" Housekeeping: .

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High IQ society

98.148.244.232 — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 11:01:01 GMT

External links:

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	'''High IQ Societies:'''		'''High IQ Societies:'''
	{\|		{\|
-	\|valign="top" width="33%"\|	+	\|width="33%" valign="top"\|
	*[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Altacapacidadhispana Altacapacidadhispana]		*[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Altacapacidadhispana Altacapacidadhispana]
	*[http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/bpiq BPIQ (Bi-Polar IQ Society) ]		*[http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/bpiq BPIQ (Bi-Polar IQ Society) ]
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	*[http://hell.iqsociety.org HELLIQ]		*[http://hell.iqsociety.org HELLIQ]
	*[http://www.highpotentialssociety.org HPS]		*[http://www.highpotentialssociety.org HPS]
-	*[http://www.infinityinternationalsociety.com Infinity International Society]	+	*[http://www.iisiq.org Infinity International Society]
	*[http://www.highiqsociety.org International High IQ Society]		*[http://www.highiqsociety.org International High IQ Society]
	*[http://www.intertel-iq.org Intertel]		*[http://www.intertel-iq.org Intertel]
-	\|valign="top" width="33%"\|	+	\|width="33%" valign="top"\|
	*[http://www.s-2000.com/iquadrivium IQuadrivium]		*[http://www.s-2000.com/iquadrivium IQuadrivium]
	*[http://www.etienne.nu/isis ISI-S]		*[http://www.etienne.nu/isis ISI-S]
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	*[http://www.poeticgenius.com PGS]		*[http://www.poeticgenius.com PGS]
	*[http://www.prometheussociety.org Prometheus]		*[http://www.prometheussociety.org Prometheus]
-	\|valign="top" width="33%"\|	+	\|width="33%" valign="top"\|
	*[http://www.sigmasociety.com Sigma]		*[http://www.sigmasociety.com Sigma]
	*[http://www.strictiq.org StrictIQ Society]		*[http://www.strictiq.org StrictIQ Society]

Mental health services

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 10:20:11 GMT

Created page with '{{ClinPsy}} '''Mental health services''' are an aspect of health care services and are services developed to facilitate the maintenance of mental health and the treatment…'

New page

{{ClinPsy}}
'''Mental health services''' are an aspect of [[health care services]] and are services developed to facilitate the maintenance of [[mental health]] and the treatment of [[mental disorders]].

Psychologists are interested in and work in a wide variety of these services so for particulr details see the following articles:-

*[[Community mental health services]]
*[[Child guidance clinics]]
*[[Community services]]
*[[Counselling]]
*[[Mental health programs]]

==Administrative and management issues==
*[[Health care administration]]
*[[Health care costs]]
*[[Health care policy]]

===Issues around the delivery of care===
*[[Health care delivery]]
*[[Managed care]]

[[Category:Health care services]]
[[Category:Mental health services]]

Health and mental health services

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 10:12:54 GMT

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-	{{ClinPsy}}	+	'''Health and mental health services''' are services developed for the maintenace of health both [[physical health]] and [[mental health]] and the treatment of both [[mental disorders\|mental]] and [[physical disorders]]

		+	See the following articles for listings of various services of interest to psychologists.
		+
		+	*[[Health care services]]

-	[[Primary care services]]	+	*[[Mental health services]]

-	[[Outpatient services]]	+	{{Disambig}}
-
-	[[Inpatient & hospital services]]
-
-	[[Social services]]
-
-	[[Home care]]
-
-	[[Hospices]]
-
-	[[Nursing homes]]
-
-	[[Residential placements]]

Mental health service

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 10:07:21 GMT

Redirected page to Mental health services

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#redirect[[Mental health services]]

Magnesium ions

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:43:33 GMT

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-	'''Magnesium ions''' have important biological roles.	+	'''Magnesium ions''' have important biological roles. [[Magnesium]] is an essential element '''in biological systems'''. [[Magnesium]] occurs typically as the Mg<sup>2+</sup> ion. It is an essential mineral [[nutrient]] for life<ref name="Leroy 1926">{{cite journal\| last=Leroy\| first=J.\| year=1926\| title=Necessite du magnesium pour la croissance de la souris\| journal=Comptes Rendus de Seances de la Societe de Biologie\| volume=94\| pages= 431–433}}</ref><ref name="Lusk 1968">{{cite journal\| last=Lusk\| first=J.E.\| coauthors=Williams, R.J.P., and Kennedy, E.P.\| year=1968\| title=Magnesium and the growth of Escherichia coli\| journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry\| volume=243\| pages=2618–2624\| pmid=4968384\| issue=10}}</ref><ref name="Marschner 1995">{{cite book\| last=Marschner\| first= H.\| year=1995\| title=Mineral Nutrition in Higher Plants\| location=San Diego\| publisher= Academic Press\| isbn=0124735428}}</ref> and is present in every [[cell (biology)\|cell]] type in every organism. For example, [[Adenosine triphosphate\|ATP]] (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in cells, must be bound to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active. What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP. <ref>"Magnesium" Centre for Cancer Education, University of Newcastle upon Tyne. http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?magnesium</ref>. Similarly, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with DNA and RNA synthesis.

	==Magnesium transport==		==Magnesium transport==
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	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[Electrolytes]]		*[[Electrolytes]]
		+
		+	==Notes==
		+	{{reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Magnesium]]		[[Category:Magnesium]]

NMDA channel

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:40:52 GMT

Redirected page to NMDA receptor

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#redirect[[NMDA receptor]]

Magnesium ions

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:39:42 GMT

Created page with '{{BioPsy}} {{Main|Magnesium}} '''Magnesium ions''' have important biological roles. ==Magnesium transport== {{main|Magnesium transport}} The chemical and biochemical properti…'

New page

{{BioPsy}}
{{Main|Magnesium}}

'''Magnesium ions''' have important biological roles.

==Magnesium transport==
{{main|Magnesium transport}}

The chemical and biochemical properties of Mg2+ present the cellular system with a significant challenge when transporting the ion across biological membranes. The dogma of ion transport states that the transporter recognises the ion then progressively removes the water of hydration, removing most or all of the water at a selective pore before releasing the ion on the far side of the membrane.<ref name="Hille 1992 ch11">Hille, 1992. Chapter 11</ref> Due to the properties of Mg2+, large volume change from hydrated to bare ion, high energy of hydration and very low rate of ligand exchange in the inner [[coordination sphere]], these steps are probably more difficult than for most other ions. To date, only the ZntA protein of Paramecium has been shown to be a Mg2+ channel.<ref name="Haynes 2002">{{cite journal| last=Haynes| first= W.J.| coauthors= Kung, C., Saimi, Y., and Preston, R.R. | year=2002| title= An exchanger-like protein underlies the large Mg2+ current in Paramecium| journal= PNAS| volume= 99| pages= 15717–15722| doi=10.1073/pnas.242603999| pmid=12422021| issue=24| pmc=137782}}</ref> The mechanisms of Mg2+ transport by the remaining proteins are beginning to be uncovered with the first three dimensional structure of a Mg2+ transport complex being solved in 2004<ref name="Warren 2004">{{cite journal| last=Warren| first= M.A. | coauthors=Kucharski, L.M., Veenstra, A., Shi, L., Grulich, P.F., and Maguire, M.E.|year=2004| title= The CorA Mg2+ transporter is a homotetramer| journal=Journal of Bacteriology | volume=186| pages=4605–4612| doi=10.1128/JB.186.14.4605-4612.2004| pmid=15231793| issue=14| pmc=438605}}</ref>.

The hydration shell of the Mg2+ ion has a very tightly bound inner shell of six water molecules and a relatively tightly bound second shell containing 12 – 14 water molecules (Markham ''et al.'', 2002). Thus recognition of the Mg2+ ion probably requires some mechanism to interact initially with the hydration shell of Mg2+, followed by a direct recognition/binding of the ion to the protein.<ref name="Maguire 2002"/> Due to the strength of the inner sphere complexation between Mg2+ and any ligand, multiple simultaneous interactions with the transport protein at this level might significantly retard the ion in the transport pore. Hence, it is possible that much of the hydration water is retained during transport, allowing the weaker (but still specific) outer sphere coordination.

In spite of the mechanistic difficulty, Mg2+ must be transported across membranes, and a large number of Mg2+ fluxes across membranes from a variety of systems have been described.<ref name="Gardner 2003">{{cite journal| last=Gardner| first= R.C. | year= 2003| title= Genes for magnesium transport| journal= Current Opinion in Plant Biology| volume= 6| pages= 263–267| doi=10.1016/S1369-5266(03)00032-3| pmid=12753976| issue=3}}</ref> However, only a small selection of Mg2+ transporters have been characterised at the molecular level.

=== Ligand ion channel blockade ===
[[Magnesium]] [[ion]]s (Mg2+) in [[cellular biology]] are usually in almost all senses opposite to [[calcium in biology|Ca2+]] ions, because they are [[Bivalent (chemistry)|bivalent]] too, but have greater electronegativity and thus hold on to water molecules stronger, preventing passage through the channel (even though magnesium is smaller). Thus Mg2+ ions block Ca2+ channels ([[NMDA channel]]s) for example, etc.

==See also==
*[[Electrolytes]]

[[Category:Magnesium]]

Magnesium

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:36:33 GMT

Show changes

Major depression

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:26:04 GMT

Expert patient programmes

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:22:48 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:22, November 20, 2009
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	{{Expert}}		{{Expert}}

-	The '''Expert Patients Programme''' is a peer-led self care [[support programme]] for people living with any [[chronic disease\|long term condition]], their carer and families. Originally based on a six week course developed by Dr. [[Kate Lorig]] at Stanford University. It has been expanded to encompass a whole range of programmes.	+	The '''Expert Patients Programme''' is a peer-led self care support programme for people living with any [[chronic disease\|long term condition]], their carer and families. Originally based on a six week course developed by Dr. [[Kate Lorig]] at Stanford University. It has been expanded to encompass a whole range of programmes.

	Some of the courses are delivered by [[lay people]], some are delivered by a mix of health specialists and lay people. The courses are attended by between 8 and 12 people and last between 6 and 8 weeks depending on the needs of the groups.		Some of the courses are delivered by [[lay people]], some are delivered by a mix of health specialists and lay people. The courses are attended by between 8 and 12 people and last between 6 and 8 weeks depending on the needs of the groups.
	Research has shown that people who attend courses have improved self confidence and are more able to deal with impact of long term illness on their lives.		Research has shown that people who attend courses have improved self confidence and are more able to deal with impact of long term illness on their lives.
		+
		+	'''Does it Work?''' - Taken from British Medical Association Website - http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/selfmanagementpolicy?OpenDocument&Highlight=2,expert,patients,programme
		+
		+	There have been various short term evaluations of the EPP in particular. The DH’s evaluation of approximately 1,000 participants in the EPP indicated that the programme provides significant numbers of people with the confidence and skills to better manage their long term condition on a daily basis, and in reducing their use of services.[9]
		+
		+	A more significant study, the National Evaluation of self care programmes, was undertaken by the National Primary Care Research and Development Centre on behalf of the DH.[11],[12] An interim report produced in January 2004 was inconclusive in its findings as to the effectiveness of the EPP but highlighted an increase in self-efficacy: a patient’s confidence in managing their condition.[11] The final report published in December 2006 could still not prove absolutely the effectiveness of the EPP, but it made clear that people benefited from self management education, not only by improving their knowledge but in sharing their experiences and learning with other people in similar circumstances.
		+
		+	==Psychological implications==
		+
		+
		+

	==See also==		==See also==
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	==External link==		==External link==
	* [http://www.expertpatients.nhs.uk NHS expert patients site]		* [http://www.expertpatients.nhs.uk NHS expert patients site]
		+	* [http://www.pacienteexperto.org Programme at Spain-Programa Paciente Experto]
		+
		+	* [http://www.bma.org.uk/ap.nsf/Content/selfmanagementpolicy?OpenDocument&Highlight=2,expert,patients,programme British Medical Association Link]
		+
		+	* [http://www.npcrdc.ac.uk/DownloadPublication.cfm?ID=225&name=EPP%20FINAL%20REPORT%202007%2Epdf National Primary Care and Research Development Centre National Review 2007 PDF]

	[[Category:Health education]]		[[Category:Health education]]

Expert patient programme

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:20:14 GMT

moved [[Expert patient programme]] to [[Expert patient programmes]] over redirect plural

New page

Expert patient programs

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:19:44 GMT

Redirected page to Expert patient programmes

New page

#redirect[[Expert patient programmes]]

Expert patient program

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:19:12 GMT

Redirected page to Expert patient programmes

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#redirect[[Expert patient programmes]]

Expert patient programmes

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:18:22 GMT

Redirected page to Expert patient programme

New page

Maintenance therapy

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:18:00 GMT

New page

{{ClinPsy}}
'''Maintenance therapy''' is a medical [[therapy]] that is designed to help a primary treatment succeed.<ref>[http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4248 Definition of Maintenance therapy] at MedicineNet</ref> For example, [[supportive psychotherapy]] may be given to people who have a [[treatment resistant depression]] in [[remission]] in an attempt to [[relapse prevention|prevent a relapse]]. This form of treatment is also a common approach for the management of many incurable, [[chronic disease]]s. So people may be offered [[outpatient treatment]] where [[counselling] and enrolment in [[expert patient programmes]] can help improve [[treatment compliance]] and help them manage their condition in order to reduce the chances of it worsening.

==See also==
*[[Aftercare]]
*[[Drug therapy]]
*[[Expert patient programme]]
*[[Methadone maintenance]]
*[[Outpatient treatment]]
*[[Treatment duration]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

{{enwp|Maintenance therapy}}

[[Category:Medical treatments]]
[[Category:Psychotherapy]]

Treatment environment

Dr Joe Kiff — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 09:08:24 GMT

Redirected page to Therapeutic environment

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#redirect[[therapeutic environment]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:26, November 20, 2009
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	* [[Bipolar disorder]]		* [[Bipolar disorder]]
	* [[Chemical imbalance theory]]		* [[Chemical imbalance theory]]
		+	* [[Depression (emotion)]]
	* [[Depressive position]]		* [[Depressive position]]
	* [[Depressive realism]]		* [[Depressive realism]]
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	* [[Learned helplessness]]		* [[Learned helplessness]]
	* [[Melancholic Depression]]		* [[Melancholic Depression]]
		+	* [[Neurosis]]
	* [[Post stroke depression]]		* [[Post stroke depression]]
		+	* [[Pseudodementia]]
	* [[Seasonal affective disorder]] (SAD)		* [[Seasonal affective disorder]] (SAD)
-	* [[Treatment resistant depression]]

	== References ==		== References ==